题目内容

III. Reading Comprehension (40’)

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

       Imagine waking up one morning to discover all your personal information in your mobile phone has been stolen. Your messages have been infected with a virus that has sent itself to all the people you have ever ___48___ messages with. You try to make a call but your mobile phone's address book has been deleted. What is ___49___ is that you turn on your phone, only to find your screen back. Nowadays, Computer hackers, who have long focused on computers, have now got their ___50___ on mobile phones. A phone virus programme can make your phone do things you have no control over. It might control the White House or the police. Or it could ___51___ eat into the phone's operating software, turning it off and erasing your personal information.

    With mobile phones functioning more like computers, it’s no ___52___ that hackers and virus writers have the phones in their sights. Now that the mobile phone is a small computer with memory, important data and an ___53___ to the Internet, these devices should be protected equally and carefully. ___54___, it seems that the phone users have done nothing more to protect their phones and viruses have already made mobile phone owners ___55___ in Asia. A virus can get messages and send them elsewhere. And it can record your password. People are now ___56___ of surfing the Net, send emails and download software with their mobiles, so they are an easy target for the same hackers who have kept sending viruses to computers over the past two ___57___.

       In China, the mobile of a certain ___58___ kept sending a huge amount of messages automatically and secretly, which made her pay a lot of extra money reluctantly.  In Japan, if you opened an email message on your mobile, it would cause the phone to repeatedly ___59___ the national emergency number. So phone operators had to cancel emergency calls until the fault was removed. Some experts say that mobile users can ___60___ viruses, of course, by sticking to their traditional phones without Web links, while some others advise users to make Bluetooth invisible, delete all unsolicited messages without opening them, always say “___61___” if your phone asks to install a program that you are not ___62___ with and install only software from safe websites as much as possible

48. A. sent        B. received         C. exchanged       D. contacted

49. A. important         B. wonderful        C. worse                D. serious

50. A. hands             B. viruses          C. control        D. temptation

51. A. extensively  B. absolutely      C. regularly       D. simply

52. A. need       B. wonder          C. use             D. possibility

53. A. affection   B. access            C. address        D. admission

54. A. However          B. Therefore       C. Furthermore     D. Somehow

55. A. amazed     B. terrified        C. amused         D. surprised

56. A. capable     B. possible        C. able          D. mobile

57. A. weeks        B. centuries        C. years         D. decades

58. A. hacker      B. businessman     C. lady           D. gentleman

59. A. call         B. ring           C. attack                D. dial

60. A. copy        B. delete                C. avoid           D. recognize

61. A. yes         B. hello         C. sorry         D. no

62. A. satisfied           B. familiar       C. delighted      D. Happy

48—52. CCADB           53—57. BABAD           58—62. CDCDB

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III.  Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
People with a positive attitude toward aging can adjust very well when individual circumstances change. Their positive outlook allows them to   50   to the inevitable physical and biochemical changes of the body that are associated with the natural   51   of aging. With a healthy outlook on the golden years, even unpredictable setbacks and disabilities can be managed   52  .
Individual genetic makeup (基因构造) explains the great   53   in the aging rate. Some seniors experience more challenges than others of the same age, and some seniors continue to function better than many younger people. But genetics only   54   about 30 percent of aging. Most of the changes we associate with age   55   factors such as diet and exercise habits; lifestyle issues, including over   56   of alcohol and tobacco, and psychological traits.
We can make healthy lifestyle choices by staying   57   both physically and mentally and by   58   a healthy diet. Some of the setbacks associated with advancing age such as   59   eyesight, loss of hearing, forgetfulness, weakness can be forestalled with some active intervention（干预）.
Growing older does not always mean you see poorly. Many older people have   60   good eyesight well into their eighties and beyond. However, the single greatest contributor to vision loss is a lifetime of   61   to damaging ultraviolet (紫外线) radiation in sunlight.
Carotenoids（类胡萝卜素）, a nutrient found in brightly colored vegetables and fruits, are powerful protectors against free-radical damage. Research shows that simply eating leafy greens and other foods rich in these protective nutrients can   62   vision loss.
Problems with hearing can create   63   and insecurity in later years. One of the major causes of age-related hearing loss is damage to the hair cells in the inner ear that transmit sounds to the brain. These hair cells and their nerve endings can be damaged by infections, genetic diseases, or treatment with certain drugs. The most common cause,   64  , is loud noise.
50.   A. stick                B. devote               C. adapt                D. lead
51.   A. progress            B. process              C. program            D. project
52.   A. successfully       B. purposefully      C. unwillingly        D. carefully
53.   A. surprise             B. variation           C. increase             D. possibility
54.   A. relies on            B. accounts for       C. results from              D. lies in
55.   A. involve in         B. relate to            C. combine with     D. substitute for
56.   A. reputation         B. enjoyment               C. consumption      D. encouragement
57.   A. active               B. calm                 C. efficient            D. diligent
58.   A. maintaining              B. feeding             C. surviving           D. controlling
59.   A. keen                B. failing               C. sharp                D. remote
60.   A. generally           B. frequently         C. relatively           D. occasionally
61.   A. contribution      B. introduction       C. explanation        D. exposure
62.   A. cure                  B. relieve                     C. reduce               D. suffer
63.   A. communication  B. isolation            C. competition              D. occupation
64.   A. therefore           B. otherwise          C. moreover          D. however


III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.  Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The first attempt of even the most talented artists, musicians, and writers is seldom a masterpiece, If you consider your drafts as dress rehearsals (彩排), or tryouts, revising will seem a natural part of the writing ___50___.
What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, ___51___ revising. Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Phantom of the Opera underwent such a process.
When Lloyd Webber began writing in 1984, he had in mind a funny, exciting production. However, when Phantom opened in London in 1986, the audience saw a moving psychological love story set to music. The musical had. ___52___ several revisions due, in part, to problems with costuming and makeup (戏服和化妆). For instance, Lloyd Webber ___53___ some of the music because the Phantom's makeup prevented the actor from singing certain sounds.
When you revise, you change aspects of your work in ___54___ to your evolving purpose, or to include ___55___ ideas or newly discovered information.
Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. ___56___, it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. Even your decision to ___57___. topics while prewriting is a type of revising. However. don't make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows ___58___. Always make time to become your own ___59___and view your dress rehearsal, so to speak. Reviewing your work in this way can give you ___60___ new ideas.
Revising involves ___61___ the effectiveness and appropriateness of all aspects of your writing, making your purpose more clearly, and refocusing or developing the facts and ideas you present. When you revise, ask yourself the following questions, keeping in mind the audience for whom you are writing: Is my main idea or purpose ___62___ throughout my draft? Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the ___63___ that is, facts, opinions, inferences --- that they need in order to understand my main idea? Finally, have I included too many ___64___ details that may confuse readers?
50. A. technique       B. style           C. process         D. career
51. A. in particular     B. as a result       C. for example     D. in other words
52. A. undergone       B. skipped        C. rejected         D. replaced
53. A. rewrote         B. released        C. recorded         D. reserved
54. A. addition         B. response       C. opposition        D. contrast
55. A. fixed           B. ambitious      C. familiar           D. fresh
56. A. However        B. Moreover      C. Instead           D. Therefore
57. A. discuss          B. switch         C. exhaust          D. cover
58. A. drafting         B. rearranging      C. performing      D. training
59. A. director         B. master          C. audience        D. visitor
60. A. personal         B. valuable        C. basic           D. delicate
61. A. mixing          B. weakening       C. maintaining     D. assessing
62. A. amazing         B. bright           C. unique         D. clear
63. A. angles          B. evidence         C. information     D. hints
64. A. unnecessary     B. uninteresting      C. concrete        D. final

.
III. Reading Comprehension     
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.  Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Your cell phone holds secrets about you. Besides the names and   50   that you’ve programmed into it, traces of your DNA remain on it, according to a new study.
　　DNA is genetic material that appears in every cell. Like your fingerprint, your DNA is unique to you   51   you have an identical twin. Scientists today routinely analyze DNA in blood, saliva (唾液), or hair   52   behind at the scene of a crime. The results often help detectives identify   53   and their victims. Your cell phone can   54   more about you than you might think.
　　Meghan J. McFadden, a scientist at McMaster University1in Hamilton, Ontario, heard about a crime in which the suspect（嫌疑犯）bled onto a cell phone and later dropped the   55  . This made her wonder whether traces of DNA remained on cell phones ___ even when no blood was involved.　    56   she and colleague Margaret Wallace of the City University of New York analyzed the flip-open phones(翻盖手机) of 10 volunteers. They used swabs(药签) to collect   57   traces of the users from two parts of the phone: the outside, where the user holds it, and the   58  , which is placed at the user’s ear.
The scientists scrubbed the phones using a solution made mostly of alcohol. The aim of washing was to   59   all detectable (可查明的) traces of DNA. The owners got their phones back for another week.   60   the researchers collected the phones and repeated the swabbing of each phone once more.
The scientists discovered DNA that   61   to the phone’s owner on each of the phones. Better samples were collected from the outside of each phone, but those swabs also   62    DNA of other people who had apparently also handled the phone.   63  , DNA showed up even in swabs that were taken immediately after the phones were scrubbed. That suggests that washing won’t remove all traces of evidence from a criminal’s device. So cell phones can now be added to the   64   of clues that can settle a crime-scene investigation.
50. A. secrets　                B. music                      C. numbers                  D. films
51. A. because                   B. unless                      C. although                  D. if
52. A. kept                        B. dropped                   C. stayed                      D. left
53. A. criminals                 B. clues                   C. witnesses                 D. policemen
54. A. reveal                     B. convince                  C. acquire                     D. value
55. A. document                 B. paper                             C. card                        D. device
56. A. However                 B. But                          C. So                          D. For
57. A. invisible                  B. non-existent             C. missing                   D. apparent
58. A. microphone           B. keys                        C. screen                     D. speaker
59. A. preserve                   B. revise                      C. remove                    D. protect
60.   A. Then                        B. Thus                       C. Meanwhile               D. Otherwise
61.   A. stuck                       B. belonged                 C. happened                 D. contributed
62. A. took in                    B. mixed with              C. picked up                D. gave out
63.   A. Generally                B. Shortly                    C. Disappointedly         D. Surprisingly
64. A. explanation              B. list                          C. book                       D. discovery


III. Reading Comprehension：31%
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that fits the context.
Good news! Tiny robots designed by University of Nebraska researchers may   50     doctors on Earth to help perform surgery on patients in space.
The tiny, wheeled robots, which are about 3 inches tall and as wide a lipstick case, can be slipped into small incisions ( 切口 ) and computer-controlled by surgeons in different   51   . Some robots are equipped with    52    and lights and can send images back to surgeons and others have surgical tools attached that can be controlled    53   .
“ We think this is going to    54    open surgery.” Dr. Dmitry Oleynikov said at a news conference. Oleynikov is a    55    in computer-assisted surgery at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha.
Officials hope that NASA will teach    56    to use the robots soon enough    57   
surgeries could one day be performed in space.
The camera-carrying robots can provide    58    of affected areas and the ones with surgical tools will be able to operate inside the body in ways surgeons’ hands can’t. The views from the camera-carrying robots are    59    than the naked eye, because they    60    back color images that are magnified. Because several robots can be inserted through one incision, they could reduce the amount and    61   of cuts needed for surgery, which would decrease recovery time. This is particularly    62    to those patients who have been weakened by long illness.
Eventually, Oleynikov said, “ The tiny robots may enable surgeons to work without ever __63__their hands in patients’ bodies. That is the    64   . It is getting easier and easier. We can do even more with these devices.”
50.  A. use                         B. pay                          C. allow                       D. force
51.  A. locations                 B. directions                 C. fields                       D. ways
52.  A. operators          B. monitors           C. cameras              D. flashes
53.  A. automatically       B. remotely           C. manually              D. widely
54.  A. perform          B. undergo            C. follow               D. replace
55.  A. reporter           B. specialist            C. designer              D. director
56.  A. astronauts         B. nurse               C. teachers              D. trainers
57.  A. in order to        B. so that              C. thus               D. in case
58.  A. answers          B. services              C. views               D. insights
59.  A. weaker           B. stronger                    C. poorer               D. better
60.  A. send             B. produce                    C. change                     D. create
61.  A. measure           B. size                 C. power              D. pressure
62.  A. relevant           B. true                C. helpful             D. interesting
63.  A. touching          B. pressing             C. holding            D. placing
64.  A. ambition         B. goal                C. achievement         D. victory


III.  Reading comprehension: (40%)
A
For every five men in the Civil War who died in battle , two or three died of disease. Doctors of that time knew very little about causes of sickness or ways of preventing it. Thousands of men in poor health became soldiers. Many of them could not resist epidemic （瘟疫）diseases that went through the places where they lived .
Army life was hard. Soldiers got little fruit or vegetables. There was no milk unless they happened to find a cow. Neither their clothes nor their living places protected the troops from rain, snow, and cold . Sickness and disease were spread by insects , rats , and unclean drinking water . Often the men drank straight from muddy streams .
Gunshot wounds were serious, as in any war, but they did not cause as many deaths as disease did.
1. Disease caused ___.                                                    
A．only a few deaths  B．fewer deaths than wounds did
C．more deaths than wounds did   D．both A and B
2．Men who were accepted as Civil War soldiers were ______.       
A．known to have already had some epidemic diseases
B．required to be in perfect health
C．able to resist epidemic disease easily   D．sometimes in poor health
3．Army life was hard for troops because ______          
A．the place where they lived didn't keep them safe from bad weather
B．they had no warm clothing
C．they seldom had good, healthful food   D．all of the above
4．Insects and rats were dangerous because they ______      
A．destroyed food  B．carried diseases
C．made the water unclean  D．tore the soldiers' clothes into pieces
5．The best title for this selection is ______.          
A．The Cause of Disease  B．The Greatest Danger in the Civil War
C．Insects, Rats, and Gunshot Wounds  D．The History of Epidemic Disease  

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