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    Where do most writers get their ideas? For Yoshiko Uchida, it all began with Brownie, a five-month-old
puppy.So excited was Yoshiko by Brownie's arrival that she started keeping a journal, writing about all
the wonderful things Brownie did and the progress he made.
    Soon she was writing about other memorable events in her life, too, like the day her family got their first
refrigerator.She also began writing stories, thanks to one of her teachers.Yoshiko wrote stories about
animal characters such as Jimmy Chipmunk and Willie the Squirrel.She kept on writing, sharing the
kitchen table with her mother, who wrote poems on scraps of paper and the backs of envelopes.
    Yoshiko grew up in the 1930s in Berkeley, California.Her parents, both of whom had been born in
Japan, provided a loving and happy home for Yoshiko and her sister.They also provided a stream of
visitors to their home who later found their way into Yoshiko's stories.One visitor who later appeared
in several of Yoshiko's stories was the bad-tempered Mr.Toga, who lived above the church that her
family attended.Mr.Toga would scold anyone who displeased him.The children all feared him and
loved to tell stories about how mean he was and how his false teeth rattled (咯咯响) when he talked.
     Yoshiko also included in her stories some of the places she visited and the experiences she had.One
of her favorite places was a farm her parents took her to one summer.The owners of the farm, showed
Yoshiko and her sister how to pump water from the well and how to gather eggs in the henhouse.They
fed the mules that later pulled a wagon loaded with hay while Yoshiko and the others rode in the back,
staring up at the stars shining in the night sky.Yoshiko, who lived in the city, had never seen such a
sight.As Yoshiko gazed up at the stars, she was filled with hope and excitement about her life.The
images of that hayride stayed with her long after the summer visit ended, and she used them in several of
her stories.
     The experiences Yoshiko had and the parade of people who marched through her young life became
a part of the world she created in over twenty books for young people, such as The Best Bad Thing and
A Jar of Dreams.Because of such books, we can all share just a little bit of the world and the times in
which this great writer grew up.
1.The author tells about Mr.Toga's false teeth in Paragraph 3 in order to ____________.
A.show health care was not good enough in Berkeley during the 1930s
B.provide an interesting detail in Yoshiko's life and stories
C.show Yoshiko's young life was difficult and frightening
D.tell about a beloved relative who helped Yoshiko learn how to write
2.In Paragraph 4 "the stars" probably refer to ____________.
A.family relationships
B.terrors in the night
C.limitless possibilities
D.sacrifices to benefit others
3.What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean?
A.Yoshiko loved to write about parades.
B.Yoshiko met many interesting people.
C.Yoshiko liked to go for long walks with others.
D.Yoshiko preferred to talk to her pets instead of to people.
4.What is the main idea of this story?
A.People who live in the city should spend as much time as they can in the country.
B.Writers like Yoshiko Uchida must communicate with as many writers as possible.
C.Those who move to the United States often miss their homelands for many years.
D.Writers like Yoshiko Uchida look to the richness of their lives for material.
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How Long Can People Live?

  She took up skating at age 85, made her first movie appearance at age 114, and held a concert in the neighborhood on her 121st birthday.

  Whe n it comes to long life, Jeanne Calment is the world’s recordholder.She lived to the ripe old age of 122.So is 122 the upper limit to the human life span(寿命)?If scientists come up with some sort of pill or diet that would slow aging, could we possibly make it to 150-or beyond?

  Researchers don’t entirely agree on the answers.“Calment lived to 122, so it wouldn’t surprise me if someone alive today reaches 130 or 135,”says Jerry Shay at the University of Texas.

  Steve Austad at the University of Texas agrees.“People can live much longer than we think,”he says.“Experts used to say that humans couldn’t live past 110.When Calment blew past that age, they raised the number to 120.So why can’t we go higher?”

  The trouble with guessing how old people can live to be is that it’s all just guessing.“Anyone can make up a number,”says Rich Miller at the University of Michigan.“Usually the scientist who picks the highest number gets his name in Time magazine.”

  Won’t new anti-aging techniques keep us alive for centuries?Any cure, says Miller, for aging would probably keep most of us kicking until about 120.Researchers are working on treatments that lengthen the life span of mice by 50 percent at most.So, if the average human life span is about 80 years, says Miller,“adding another 50 percent would get you to 120.”

  So what can we conclude from this little disagreement among the researchers?That life span is flexible(有弹性的),but there is a limit, says George Martin of the University of Washington.“We can get flies to live 50 percent longer,”he says.“But a fly’s never going to live 150 years.”

  “Of course, if you became a new species(物种),one that ages at a slower speed, that would be a different story,”he adds.

  Does Martin really believe that humans could evolve(进化)their way to longer life?“It’s pretty cool to think about it,”he says with a smile.

(1)

What does the story of Jeanne Calment prove to us?

[  ]

A.

People can live to 122.

B.

Old people are creative.

C.

Women are sporty at 85.

D.

Women live longer than men.

(2)

According to Steve Austad at the University of Texas, ________.

[  ]

A.

the average human life span could be 110

B.

scientists cannot find ways to slow aging

C.

few people can expect to live to over 150

D.

researchers are not sure how long people can live

(3)

Who would agree that a scientist will become famous if he makes the wildest guess at longevity?

[  ]

A.

Jerry Shay.

B.

Steve Austad

C.

Rich Miller

D.

George Martin

(4)

What can we infer from the last three paragraphs?

[  ]

A.

Most of us could be good at sports even at 120.

B.

The average human life span cannot be doubled.

C.

Scientists believe mice are aging at a slower speed than before.

D.

New techniques could be used to change flies into a new species.

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