题目内容
Dogs that can retrieve (取出) cash from ATMs and empty washing machines help disabled people lead more independent lives, but can they also help change disruptive (爱捣乱的) teenagers’ behaviour?
A unique TV experiment, “Dog House”, follows five unruly youngsters as they are taught to become dog trainers. The idea is simple. Kids really like dogs. But can the skills involved in training them - patience, consistency, rewarding good behaviour – give these teenagers the discipline they need in their own lives?
The teens involved were put forward by local schools in West Sussex, who had run out of ideas of how to deal with them.
Liam was typical－14 years old, bad – tempered, aggressive, foul mouthed and about to be permanently excluded from school. Allie, Rob and Ellie, had similar problems – they couldn’t concentrate, they didn’t like being told what to do and they had serious anger problems. Katrina was different. She was so shy that she had developed agoraphobia(陌生环境恐怖), she suffered from depression and had taken herself out of mainstream education.
Gradually, working with the dogs began to have an impact on the kids. But, in order to fully appreciate the significance of what they were doing, they needed to meet the disabled people who benefited from having these dogs. The meetings had a profound impact on the teenagers. After meeting Eileen Hobson and her dog Sailor, Liam changed his ways and his unlikely friendship with severely disabled wheelchair user Eileen blossomed.
Two months into the course Liam began to connect with the dogs too - particularly a young yellow Labrador called Aero. The relationship flourished so much that the dog often knew instinctively what the teenager wanted him to do before he'd even asked. "He just knows," says Liam.
Liam’s school noticed a huge change in his whole outlook. His teacher Nick Brown said “More than anything I see a confident and happy young man. It’s been superb.”
1．The teens were selected to be dog trainers just because .
A．they liked dogs very much
B．they came from the same local school
C．they ran out of ideas of how to behave in school
D．their teachers had some difficulty in dealing with them
2．What was Katrina’s problem?
A．She didn’t like being told what to do.
B．She had serious anger problems.
C．She was bad – temptered and aggressive.
D．She had trouble in getting along with others because of her shyness.
3．What made Liam greatly changed?
A．Training the dogs.
B．His meeting Eileen Hobson and her dog.
C．His teacher Nick Brown’s praise.
D．A unique TV programme.
4．The word blossomed in the fifth paragraph probably has the same meaning as .
A．developed B．decorated C．expanded D．declined
5．From the passage we know that .
A．all dogs can retrieve cash from ATMs
B．unruly youngsters can become good dog trainers
C．the skills in training dogs can really affect children’s behavior in school
D．the five teenagers were sullen and aggressive
DDBAC
黎明文化寒假作业系列答案
寒假天地重庆出版社系列答案When people first walked across the Bering Land Bridge thousands of years ago, dogs were by their sides, according to a study published in the journal Science.
Robert Wayne of the University of California, Los Angeles, and Jennifer Leonard of the Smithsonian Institute, used DNA material—some of it unearthed by miners in Alaska—to conclude that today’s domestic dog originated in Asia and accompanied the first humans to the New World about 10,000 to 15,000 years ago. Wayne suggests that man’s best friend may have enabled the tough journey from Asia into North America. “Dogs may have been the reason people made it across the land bridge,” said Wayne. “They can pull things, carry things, defend you from fierce animals, and they’re useful to eat.”
Researchers have agreed that today’s dog is the result of the domestication(驯化) of wolves thousands of years ago. Before this recent study, a common thought about the precise origin of North America’s domestic dog was that Natives domesticated local wolves, the descendents(后代) of which now live with people in Alaska, Canada, and the Lower 48.
Dog remains from a Fairbanks-area gold mine helped the scientists reach their conclusion. Leonard, an evolutionary biologist, collected DNA from 11 bones of ancient dogs that were locked in permafrost(永冻层) until Fairbanks miners uncovered them in the 1920s. The miners donated the preserved bones to the American Museum of Natural History in New York City, where they remained untouched for more than 70 years. After borrowing the bones from the museum, Leonard and her colleagues used radiocarbon techniques to find the age of the Alaska dogs. They found the dogs all lived between the years of 1450 and 1675 A.D., before Vitus Bering and Aleksey Chirikov who were the first known Europeans to view Alaska in 1741. The bones of dogs that wandered the Fairbanks area centuries ago should therefore be the remains of “pure native American dogs,” Leonard said. The DNA of the Fairbanks dogs would also expose whether they were the descendents of wolves from North America.
Along with the Fairbanks samples, the researchers collected DNA from bones of 37 dog specimens(标本) from Mexico, Peru, and Bolivia that existed before the arrival of Columbus. In the case of both the Alaska dogs and the dogs from Latin America, the researchers found that they shared the most genetic material with gray wolves of Europe and Asia. This supports the idea of domestic dogs entering the New World with the first human explorers who wandered east over the land bridge.
Leonard and Wayne’s study suggests that dogs joined the first humans that made the adventure across the Bering Land Bridge to slowly populate the Americas. Wayne thinks the dogs that made the trip must have provided some excellent service to their human companions or they would not have been brought along. “Dogs must have been useful because they were expensive to keep,” Wayne said. “They didn’t feed on mice; they fed on meat, which was a very guarded resource.”
1. The underlined word “remains” is closed in meaning to ______.
A. leftover food B. animal waste
C. dead bodies D. living environment
2. According to the study described in Paragraph 4, we can learn that ______.
A. ancient dogs entered North America between 1450 and 1675 AD
B. the 11 bones of ancient dogs are not from native American dogs
C. the bones discovered by the gold miners were from North American wolves
D. the bones studied were not from dogs brought into North America by Europeans
3. What can we know from the passage?
A. Native Americans domesticated local wolves into dogs.
B. Scientists discovered some ancient dog remains in 1920s.
C. Latin America’s dogs are different from North America’s in genes.
D. Ancient dogs entered North America across the Bering Land Bridge.
4. The first humans into the New World brought dogs along with them because ______.
A. dogs fed on mice B. dogs were easy to keep
C. dogs helped protect their resources D. dogs could provide excellent service
5.What does the passage mainly talk about ______.
A. the origin of the North American dogs
B. the DNA study of ancient dogs in America
C. the reasons why early people entered America
D. the difference between Asian and American dogs
