题目内容

In some countries in which there is very little rain at any time, the farmers have to irrigate their fields. Irrigation is easy enough if there is a great river near the crops, and if there is plenty of water in it. Canals carry the river water to the fields when necessary. In some seasons there may be too much water in the river, and the water may flood all the land near it. At other times the river water may not be enough for all the farmers, and then it will be difficult to irrigate the fields.
To prevent these difficulties, a dam may be built across the river. This will store water for dry seasons, and in wet seasons it will prevent the flooding of the land. A great lake will, no doubt, be formed behind the dam, and this may mean that houses and fields will be covered with water. Most people will accept that and will be ready to move to other places. Then the country can have the right amount of water at all times; more crops will be grown, there will be more food for everyone, and there will be no more floods.
Dams have been built for centuries in different parts of the world. Modern dame are usually built of concrete(混凝土)but earth dams were used in India and Sri Lanka about 2500 years ago. There was another across the River Tigris very long ago, and large numbers of irrigation canals were made in Iraq to irrigate the land. The Romans were great dam-builders and there was also a famous dam at Ma’ rubin Arabia.
We cannot use sea water for irrigation; the salt will not allow the crops to grow. Fresh water is always needed, and it is very difficult and costly to make fresh water from sea water. This is done in a few countries, but the fresh water is for drinking. There is not enough at present for irrigation. Perhaps a scientist will one day invent a cheaper way of producing fresh water from the sea.
【小题1】The first paragraph mainly talks about         .

A.the problems caused by river water
B.the necessity to irrigate the field
C.the water shortage in some countries
D.the canals carrying water to fields
【小题2】A dam is usually built         .
A.to cover the houses and fields
B.for people to have the right amount of water at all times
C.to grow crops better
D.to form a large lake
【小题3】The underlined word“that”means        .
A.a dam will be built across the river
B.a dam will store water for dry seasons
C.in wet seasons a dam will prevent the flooding of the land
D.houses and fields will be covered will water
【小题4】The third paragraph suggests that        .
A.modern dams are made of concrete
B.Romans once built many great dams
C.there was too much water in 1rap in the past
D.modern dams are better than early dams

ABDB
【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】D
【小题4】B

解析试题分析:本文讲述了大坝蓄水灌溉的知识,并仔细分析了建筑大坝的好处等。
【小题1】A 段落大意题。在第一段中主要讨论的是河水灌溉的问题,有了大量的河水,人们就可以进行灌溉,要是河水不够了,那么灌溉就成了问题,故A项正确。
【小题2】B 细节题。根据第二段前3行To prevent these difficulties, a dam may be built across the river. This will store water for dry seasons, and in wet seasons it will prevent the flooding of the land.说明大坝可以蓄水供人们在任何时候来使用,故B项内容正确。
【小题3】D 推理题。根据第二段2,3,4行A great lake will, no doubt, be formed behind the dam, and this may mean that houses and fields will be covered with water. Most people will accept that and will be ready to move to other places.说明这里的that就是指前一句的大坝后面的房子和土地会被大水淹没,故D项正确。
【小题4】B 推理题。根据本段最后一句The Romans were great dam-builders and there was also a famous dam at Ma’ rubin Arabia.说明罗马人是建筑大坝的能手,故说明他们曾经修筑过多个大坝所以才能这样说,故B项正确。
考点:考查科普类短文阅读
点评:本文讲述了大坝蓄水灌溉的知识,考查推理题较多,最主要的方法是根据词义关系推断具体细节。抓住题干文字信息,采用针对性方法进行阅读,因为这类题的答案在文章中找到有关的语群。

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(·浙江高考)Below is a housing guide for students going to London.

University accommodation(住所)offices

Many university accommodation offices have their own list of registered landlords(房东).Others also provide information on accommodation agencies and other housing organizations.The advantage of using your university accommodation office is that you can get some support if you have a problem.The disadvantage is that they are unlikely to have enough registered landlords to house all their students.

Property papers:Loot and Renting

Loot is an important source( )of information about private housing for co­renters.The offers are from private landlords,agencies and individuals looking for other co­renters.They also have a website:www.loot.com.The advantage of using Loot is that there are some excellent bargains.The disadvantage is that there is no quality control over the offers.

Renting is another useful paper.The offers in this paper are mainly from accommodation agencies.Their website is at www.renting.co.uk.

Accommodation agencies

The majority of rented accommodation in London is probably advertised through accommodation agencies.The advantage of using accommodation agencies is that you will have access to a large number of accommodations.A good agent will listen to your requirement and can save you time in looking for the right accommodation.The disadvantage is that they will make a range of charges to potential renters.

Noticeboards

Around the universities you will find a number of noticeboards where offers of accommodation will be posted.These will either be from landlords or from students.Some universities will also have online noticeboards where students can advertise to other students.Advertisements from students can be an excellent way to find accommodation.However,advertisements from landlords can be problematic.

Word of mouth 

Some of the best housing in London is never advertised but is passed on from one group of students to another by word of mouth.It might be that you can find out about good offers from final year students.However,don't suppose that just because you have found out about housing from a friend it is necessarily going to be better than that found through any other source.

Family

Faced with the very high rents charged in London,some students and their parents will consider buying as an alternative.In some cases this might be a good choice.

56.What is the advantage of using Loot?

A.It has more offers from accommodation agencies than Renting.

B.It gives you personal information about other co­renters.

C.Their website is designed mainly for students.

D.There are some good bargains.

57.A good agent can help you________.

A.know more people

B.find cheap accommodation

C.get the right accommodation quickly

D.get free information about most accommodations

58.The information passed on by word of mouth is important because________.

A.it is better than that found through any other source

B.it helps you find some of the best housing never advertised

C.the final year students always offer better information

D.the landlords have little valuable information

59.For students going to London for the first time,which of the following provides the most reliable information?

A.University accommodation offices.

B.Loot and Renting.

C.Noticeboards.

D.Family.

Nine out of 10 people have run up unsecured debt and many fear they will never be able to pay back what they owe, a survey has claimed.
Around 89% of people aged between l|8 and 35 said they owed money on a credit card, loan or overdraft, the research showed.
A third of people admitted they did not think- they would ever be debt-free, 54% of whom said they would always need to borrow money in order to fund the lifestyle they wanted.
One in five of these people also claimed they were not worried about the possibility of their debts being passed on to their next of kin if they died before they were repaid.
Just over half who owed money said they did not feel in control of their debt, with 8% admitting they had needed to ask for help with repayments from a friend or family member.Eight out of 10 people also told the research for discount website MyVoucherCodes.co.uk that they thought it was too easy to borrow money through their bank or on credit cards.
Farhad Farhadi, MyVoucherCodes.co.uk’s personal finance expert, said: "The majority of British adults owe money m some way, shape or form, but to see that almost a third think they’ll never be free c ^ from debt is quite alarming.
"When borrowing money from any source, how you are going to repay it should always be in the back of your mind.
"A lot of people don’t-really think about ’die consequences of borrowing money and it can be easy to get complacent, but keeping it all under control should be a priority from the off.Only borrow what you really think you can afford to pay back."
【小题1】The best title for this passage is_________.

A.I’ll die in debt, say one in threeB.Desperate British
C.The beginning of the endD.Borrowing money from any source
【小题2】Which of the following is NOT true?    
A.Most British adults are in debt in some v/ay.
B.It is hard for the British to borrow money through their bank.
C.Lots of people do not take repaying money seriously.
D.This passage is a warning for the British.
【小题3】What does the underlined phrase mean?  
A.end withB.from the start
C.ever sinceD.fore ever
【小题4】What does Farhad mean by saying "the majority of British adults owe money in some way, shape or form"? 
A.It is natural to owe money m Britain so there in no need to worry.
B.It is natural to owe money in Britain as long as you are in control.
C.It does not matter to owe money in Britain if you are rich enough.
D.It seems that the British enjoy owing money in some way.


Below is a housing guide for students going to London.
University accommodation(住所) office
Many university accommodation offices have their own list of registered landlords (房东). Others also provide information on accommodation agencies and other housing organizations. The advantage of using your university accommodation office is that you can get some support if you have 'a problem. The disadvantage is that they are unlikely to have enough registered landlords to house all their students.
Property papers: Loot and Renting
Loot is an important source (来源) of information about private housing for co-renters. The offers are from private landlords, agencies and individuals looking for other co-renters. They also have a website: www. loot. com. The advantage of using Loot is that there are some excellent bargains. The disadvantage is that there is no quality control over the offers.
Renting is another useful paper. The offers in this paper are mainly from accommodation agencies. Their website is at www. Renting.co. uk.
Accommodation agencies
The majority of rented accommodation in London is probably advertised through accommodation agencies. The advantage of using accommodation agencies is that you will have access to a large number of accommodations. A good agent will listen to your requirements and can save you time in looking for the right accommodation. The disadvantage is that they will make a range of charges to potential renters.
Noticeboards
Around the universities you will find a number of noticeboards where offers of accommodation will be posted. These will either be from landlords or from students. Some universities will also have online noticeboards where students can advertise to other students.  Advertisements from students can be an excellent way to find                                                             accommodation. However, advertisements from landlords can be problematic.
Word of mouth
Some of the best housing in London is never advertised but is passed on from one group of students to another by word of mouth. It might be that you can find out about good offers from final year students. However, don't suppose that just because you have found out about housing from a friend it is necessarily, going to be better than that found through any other source.
Family
Faced with the very high rents charged in London, some students and their parents will consider buying as an alternative. In some cases this might be a good choice.
1. What is the advantage of using Loot?
A. It has more offers from accommodation agencies than Renting.    
B. It gives you personal information about other co-renters.
C. Their website is designed mainly for students.    
D. There are some good bargains.
2. A good agent can help you      .
A. know more people                         
B. find cheap accommodation
C. get the right accommodation quickly
D. get free information about most accommodations
3. The information passed on by word of mouth is important because      .
A. it is better than that found through any other source
B. it helps you find some of the best housing never advertised    
C. the final year students always offer better information
D. the landlords have little valuable information
4. For students going to London for the first time, which of the following provides the most reliable information?
A. University accommodation offices.              
B. Loot and Renting.    
C. Noticeboards.                                 
D. Family.

J.K. Rowling set children’s imaginations on fire. Can the creator of Harry Potter do the same for a grown-up audience? The British author will find out on September 27, when more than 2 million hardcover(精装书) copies of her first novel for adults hit bookstores in the UK and the US, along with the digital edition. Set in a little English town, The Casual Vacancy is about an election held after an unexpected death.

Michael Pietsch, Rowling’s US publisher, says the novel reminded him of Dickens “because of the humanity, the humor, the social concerns, the intensely real characters”. No magic though, apparently: “This book isn’t Harry Potter”, says Pietsch. “It is a completely different concern”. As with Harry Potter, there are no advance copies for the media, no early reviews. To date, the seven-book series has sold more than 450 million copies worldwide, and it became one of the most successful movie franchises in July 21, 2007.

Back then, fans could buy books at midnight parties hosted by bookstores. But recent years have seen a great challenge for brick-and-mortar(实体的) bookstores. People are still buying books, indeed more books than in 2007, according to figures released by the Association of American Publishers. But they are reading them in a new format(样式)—the e-book. The Harry Potter series just became available digitally for the first time in April. It will be different for The Casual Vacancy, with the publisher simultaneously releasing an e-book. For Rowling fans who once queued up for Harry Potter, this means that instant satisfaction is now only a click away.

Moving from children’s books to adult literature is a big transition. Will Rowling’s new book be successful? Arthur Levine, the US co-editor of the Harry Potter books, seems confident: “If you read or re-read the Harry Potter books, you can see that Rowling has all the strengths she needs for great success as a fiction writer –you have great characters, an involving plot, a sense of humor and great empathy”.

1.In Paragraph 2, what Michael Pietsch says means that_____.

A. Dickens’ works are too impressive to forget.

B. J.K. Rowling has all the strengths of Dickens.

C. The new book is similar to Dickens’ works in some way.

D. The new book is quite different from the works of Dickens.

2.The underlined word “simultaneously” has the closest meaning with“______”.

A. willingly????????????? ????? B. meanwhile??????? C. especially????????????? ????????????? ? D. eventually

3.What’s the main purpose of Paragraph 3?

A. To explain why the new book will have a digital edition.

B. To show the Harry Potter series are popular with readers.

C. To compare J.K. Rowling’s old books and her new book.

D. To clarify the great challenges for brick-and-mortar bookstores.

4.What do the Harry Potter series and The Casual Vacancy have in common?

A. They are both intended for children.

B. They both show the author’s great talent.

C. Their characters both have magical power.

D. Both of them won’t be read on the Internet.

 

B

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60. What is special about Hotelopia?

A. Its destinations spread all over the world.   B. It provides the cheap food.

C. Its prices range from low to high.     D. It aims at attracting family holidays.

61. Janet is interested in environmental protection. She will most probably visit______

A. www.hoteiopia.co.uk             B. www.directholidays.co.uk

C. www.responsibletravel.com        D. www.virginholidays.co.uk

62. Sarah, who is fond of skiing, would like to take a trip. Maybe she can go to_______

A. Haven Holidays                  B. Hotelopia

C. Responsible Travel                D. Virgin Holidays

63. The passage is most probably taken from____________.

A. a website       B. a newspaper      C. a travel guide       D. a magazine

 

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