题目内容

A federal agency on Tuesday called for a ban on all cellphone use by drivers -- the most far-reaching recommendation up to now — saying its decision was based on a decade of investigations into distraction-related (与分散注意力有关的) accidents, as well as growing concerns that powerful mobile devices are giving drivers even more reasons to look away from the road.

As part of its recommendation, the National Transportation Safety Board is urging states to ban drivers from using hands-free devices, including wireless headsets. No state now has made laws to ban such activity, but the Board said that drivers faced serious risks from talking on wireless headsets, just as they do by taking a hand off the wheel to hold a phone to their ears.

However, the concern was heightened by increasingly powerful phones that people can use to send e-mails, watch movies and play games.

“Every year, new devices are being on sale.” she said. “People are attracted to update their Facebook page, to play music with cellphone, as if sitting at a desk. But they are driving a car.”

The agency based its recommendation on evidence from its investigation of numerous crashes in which electronic distraction was a major contributing factor.

Ms. Hersman said she understood that this recommendation would be unwelcome in some circles, given the number of drivers who talk and text. But she compared distracted driving to drunken driving and even smoking, which required wholesale cultural shifts to change behavior.

“It’s going to be very unpopular with some people.” she said. “We’re not here to win a popularity contest. We’re here to do the right thing. This is a difficult recommendation, but it’s the right recommendation and it is time.”

The agency’s recommendation is not required for states to adopt such a ban. And it won’t likely be agreed upon by state lawmakers who are unwillingly to anger those who have grown accustomed to using their device behind the wheel.

The ban also deserves attention because it is the first call by a federal agency to end the practice completely, rather than the partial ban that some lawmakers have put in place by allowing hands-free talking.

1.The ban on all cellphone use by drivers was put forward ______.

A.after a long discussion and recommendation

B.after about ten years’ investigation in it

C.because of the most powerful mobile devices

D.for the reason of heading away from the road

2.We can know from the passage that ______.

A.electronic distraction resulted in numerous crashes

B.numerous crashes were caused by drunk driving

C.electronic distraction contributed much to the ban

D.the recommendation was based on electronic distraction

3.Ms Hersman thinks that distracted driving, drunken driving and smoking ______.

A.are just common behaviors                B.can be shifted to behaviors

C.are behaviors to be changed               D.are just cultural behaviors

4.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A.Cellphone Ban in Cars

B.Valuable Ban for Cellphones

C.Drivers Ban Cellphones

D.Cellphone Ban while Driving

 

【答案】

1.B

2.A

3.C

4.D

【解析】

试题分析:这篇文章是一篇新闻,简要介绍了一公司经过近十年的研究发现与注意力分散有关的车祸原因,建议各州完全禁止司机驾车期间使用无线通讯设备。

1.根据考查细节理解的能力。根据全文第一段第一句中的“was based on a decade of investigation”可知。故选B。

2.考查推理判断的能力。根据全文内容理解可知。故答案应为A。

3.考查细节理解的能力。根据全文第六段最后一句话的理解理解。故选C。

4.考查对文章主旨的理解能力。根据全文内容推断。故选D。

考点:新闻报道类短文阅读理解

点评:1、加强整体意识,把握文章的主要内容。在阅读的时候可给段落标上序号,并给重要的句子和关键词做上记号,尤其是各段中心句,为答题提供更快捷更多的信息源。2、审清题干,发觉和把握试题中有效的提示性信息,确认命题的角度、阅读范围和答题方式。3、定位阅读,强化对应意识。同时要注意原文利用和自我加工相结合。 

 

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The list is based on factors such as economic impact, media reach and career accomplishments. Former US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice fell off the list after leaving office in January. Rice’s successor (继任者),Hillary Clinton, came in at NO.36, dropping from No.28 last year when her presidential bid made her the woman with the highest public profile on the list.
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“Highly ambitious women… are moving across companies and industries, making big leaps with each change, and repositioning themselves for opportunities that allow them to gain a breadth of experience,” the business magazine said.
Merkel,55, became the first female premier of Germany in 2005 and succeeded in retaining(保留) power in a federal election not long ago.
Michelle Obama,45,has won fans for her down-to-earth personality, her support of causes including healthy eating and the arts.
1.Condoleezza Rice is not included on the list probably because_______________ .
A. she exercises less influence
B. she keeps her new job a secret
C. she has become an ordinary woman
D. she is silent after leaving office
2.Hillary Clinton was ranked No.28 last year because_____________
A. she was the former first lady
B. she was running for president then
C. she frequently appeared in public
D. she got support from her husband
3. We learn from the passage that powerful women today_____________
A. change their jobs more frequently
B. are better political leaders than men
C. are not content with being housewives
D. have changed their traditional concept
4. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. The most powerful women in the world
B. Women in power are rising to leadership postitions
C. Forbes: Germany’s Merkel again most powerful woman
D. Forbes: The rise and fall of the women in power
D. The latest source of biofuel

Fifty-two years ago in the USA, a little black girl named Ruby Bridges arrived at her new primary school. The school was in New Orleans, Louisiana.
As she walked toward the school’s front door, an angry crowd of people shouted at her. United States marshals walked with her. A marshal is a police officer. They were there to protect the first grader. That’s because the people didn’t want Ruby to go inside the school. But the 6-year-old walked into the school anyway. As she did, she marched into history books.
The day was Nov. 14, 1960. On that morning, little Ruby became one of the first African Americans to attend an all-white primary school in the South.
Before then, the law in many states said that black children could not attend the same schools as white children. People of different races also had to use separate public restrooms. It was called segregation. That is when people of different races are kept separate.
U.S. leaders worked to end segregation. They helped bring civil rights to all Americans. Those are the rights mean that all people should be treated equally. A few months before Ruby started school, a federal court (联邦法庭) had just ordered an end to school segregation in New Orleans.
By the time Ruby started the second grade, there were no more angry people outside her school. There were other African American students in her class. Today, children of all races go to school together.
Bridges said she was never scared to go to school during the first grade. She wasn’t really afraid and she didn’t really know what was going on at the time.
【小题1】Why was Ruby Bridges famous in the American history?

A.She served on the U.S. federal court.
B.She got along well with the U.S. marshals.
C.She helped end school segregation in New Orleans.
D.She brought all rights to the Americans with U.S. leaders.
【小题2】Which of the following is about “segregation” (in Paragraph 4)?
A.White and black children couldn’t study in the same school.
B.All people should have the right to be treated equally.
C.Different races can use the same public convenience.
D.Students of all races should be able to attend school together.
【小题3】What do you think of the U.S. leaders’ work to end segregation?
A.Disappointing.B.Acceptable.
C.Successful. D.Confusing.

A federal agency on Tuesday called for a ban on all cellphone use by drivers -- the most far-reaching recommendation up to now — saying its decision was based on a decade of investigations into distraction-related (与分散注意力有关的) accidents, as well as growing concerns that powerful mobile devices are giving drivers even more reasons to look away from the road.
As part of its recommendation, the National Transportation Safety Board is urging states to ban drivers from using hands-free devices, including wireless headsets. No state now has made laws to ban such activity, but the Board said that drivers faced serious risks from talking on wireless headsets, just as they do by taking a hand off the wheel to hold a phone to their ears.
However, the concern was heightened by increasingly powerful phones that people can use to send e-mails, watch movies and play games.
“Every year, new devices are being on sale.” she said. “People are attracted to update their Facebook page, to play music with cellphone, as if sitting at a desk. But they are driving a car.”
The agency based its recommendation on evidence from its investigation of numerous crashes in which electronic distraction was a major contributing factor.
Ms. Hersman said she understood that this recommendation would be unwelcome in some circles, given the number of drivers who talk and text. But she compared distracted driving to drunken driving and even smoking, which required wholesale cultural shifts to change behavior.
“It’s going to be very unpopular with some people.” she said. “We’re not here to win a popularity contest. We’re here to do the right thing. This is a difficult recommendation, but it’s the right recommendation and it is time.”
The agency’s recommendation is not required for states to adopt such a ban. And it won’t likely be agreed upon by state lawmakers who are unwillingly to anger those who have grown accustomed to using their device behind the wheel.
The ban also deserves attention because it is the first call by a federal agency to end the practice completely, rather than the partial ban that some lawmakers have put in place by allowing hands-free talking.
【小题1】The ban on all cellphone use by drivers was put forward ______.

A.after a long discussion and recommendation
B.after about ten years’ investigation in it
C.because of the most powerful mobile devices
D.for the reason of heading away from the road
【小题2】We can know from the passage that ______.
A.electronic distraction resulted in numerous crashes
B.numerous crashes were caused by drunk driving
C.electronic distraction contributed much to the ban
D.the recommendation was based on electronic distraction
【小题3】Ms Hersman thinks that distracted driving, drunken driving and smoking ______.
A.are just common behaviorsB.can be shifted to behaviors
C.are behaviors to be changedD.are just cultural behaviors
【小题4】Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A.Cellphone Ban in Cars
B.Valuable Ban for Cellphones
C.Drivers Ban Cellphones
D.Cellphone Ban while Driving

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Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried physicians may work as hospital staff members, or residents, who are often still in training. They may teach in medical schools, be hired by corporations to care for their workers or work for the federal government's Public Health Service.

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Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several physicians will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These physicians also take care of each other's patients in emergencies.

Physicians work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite routine ones, involve risk. It is understandable that physicians want to be well rewarded for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.

1. According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by ______.

A. a church     B. a corporation        C. a city               D. a state

2.The expenses for becoming a doctor are spent on _______.

A. schooling and retraining             B. practice in a hospital

C. facilities he or she uses                D. education he or she receives

3.According to the passage, how long does it take for a would-be physician to become an independent physician in the USA?

A. About seven years.   B. Eight years.     C. Ten years.       D. About twelve years.

4.Sometimes several physicians set up a group medical practice mainly because _______.

A. there are so many patients that it is difficult for one physician to take care all of them

B. they can take turns to work long hours

C. facilities may be too much of a burden for one physician to shoulder

D. no one wants to assume too much responsibility

5. Which of the following statements could fully express the author's view towards physicians’ payment in the USA?

A. For their expensive education and their responsibility, they deserve a handsome pay.

B. It is reasonable for physicians to have a large income because their work is very dangerous.

C. Physicians should be better paid because they work long hours under bad conditions.

D. Physicians have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well rewarded.

 

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