题目内容

       California, once regarded as a leader in the United States for its public higher education system, ranks next to the last in the U．S．for its number of adults with at least a high school diploma, according to the report, titled “California at the Edge of a Cliff,” released by the California Faculty Association．

       Meanwhile, the state’s investment（投资） in public higher education has dropped over the past three decades, and now ranks 22nd in the country．That’s despite having the country’s largest public higher education system, the report said．

       “It's a collapse（衰退）,” said Thomas Mortenson, author of the report, who is an independent analyst living in Iowa and a senior scholar at the Pell Institute for the Study of Opportunity in Higher Education in Washington, D．C． “Ranking 49th out of 50 states is an indication that shows the quality of the state’s educational has become much worse in recent decades．” Mortenson said in the report．As of 2007, California ranked 14th in the United States in terms of college educated members of the workforce over 25 years of age, a drop from eighth place in 1981, the report showed．Mortenson said that California has never been the state of high status in education and economy while other states have made greater gains in building a college-educated workforce．

       The California Faculty Association is using the report’s findings to criticize Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger’s proposed funding cuts for education．

       Struggling with a 14．8-billion-dollar state budget deficit（赤字）, Schwarzenegger has proposed a combination of sales tax increases, borrowing and major budget cuts, including cutting billions of dollars from the state’s education budget．

1．The passage is mainly about __________．

       A．funding cuts for high education in California

       B．the dangerous situation in California

       C．California’s worse situation in higher education

       D．California’s research on education and economy

2．From the passage we can infer that __________．

       A．California had higher quality in higher education in the past

       B．governor in California agreed to spend more money on education

       C．Thomas Mortenson works at California Faculty Association

       D．investment in higher education has dropped in all states

3．The reason why California has a lower rank in education is that________．

       A．the number of adults has decreased recently

       B．the money to invest in education has been cut

       C．the progress in other states has been made

       D．the result of report has been published late

4．According to the report’s findings, ________ is to blame for the drop in rank of education．

       A．Thomas Mortenson                             B．Arnold Schwarzenegger

       C．the Pell Institute                                   D．California Faculty Association

CABB

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London, Dec.17 (Xinhua) “Drivers on London Underground trains have started reading out sayings from great thinkers like Mahatma Gandhi , Frindrich Engels, and Albert Einstein in a bid to cheer up passengers ,” officials said. As well as the usual announcements urging passengers to “mind the steps” and warning of delays, the sayings such as “ an ounce ( 盎司) of action is worth a ton of theory” have taken the place of commercial ad in the underground carriages .

New York, Oct.8 (Xinhua) Once as a famous actor, now the governor of California, Arnold Schwarzenegger wants to abandon textbooks in favor of digital ones. He plans to launch this program in August next year when California’s high-school pupils will have access to online math and science text. But some teachers wonder whether his idea of getting rid of textbooks might end up costing more not less, with digital textbook going for $300.

Amsterdam, Nov.30 (Xinhua) A few cups of coffee a day may not only help to put off the disease—dementia(痴呆) but also can treat it, according to Dr. Arendash, who led the research. After giving mice with memory damage water containing caffeine, he found the mice developed better memories and quick thinking. The reason is that caffeine is a safe drug for most people. It easily enters the brain and directly affects the disease process. He suggested people should drink five eight–ounce cups of ordinary coffee, two cups of strong ‘coffee shop’ coffee, 14 cups of tea, or 20 cola drinks to get the same amount of 500 milligrams of caffeine.
【小题1】What’s the purpose of putting up sayings on the underground carriages in London?

A．to help passengers to kill time.
B．to encourage passengers to learn.
C．to lift the spirits of passengers.
D．to make money as a commercial ad.
【小题2】What can we conclude from the second news?
A．digital textbooks will replace traditional textbooks.
B．online math is already available to high-school pupils .
C．digital textbooks are convenient to carry anywhere.
D．Not all the teachers support their governor’s idea.
【小题3】Which of the following statements is true from the third news?
A．The more coffee you drink, the less chance there will be for dementia.
B．Caffeine can make mice become more and more intelligent and energetic.
C．Caffeine can affect the process of the disease—dementia and treat it.
D．Caffeine is a safe drug for all the people for everyday use so enjoy it.

 

People in several American states may be surprised to see cars on city streets without a driver. Experimental driverless vehicles now are legal in Florida, Nevada and California. They are pointing the way to a future that is not far down the road. The high-tech company Google has a number of self-driving cars, which had covered 480,000 kilometers by August. Volvo is among the companies doing road tests and says it plans to sell driverless cars by 2020.

   In September, California Governor Jerry Brown signed an act to allow autonomous vehicles on the roads of his state. " Today we're looking at science fiction becoming tomorrow's reality-the driverless car. " The technology for these cars includes cameras, radar and motion sensors. The systems have been improved through competitions sponsored by the U. S. government agency DARPA. Engineer Richard Mason of the Rand Corporation helped design driverless vehicles for DARPA challenge races.

   Cars have become much more fuel-efficient, and new electronic features are' making Hondas safer, said Angie Nucci of Honda America. " A camera on the passenger-side mirror actually engaged on your guiding screen so you can safely change lanes. " Other safety features include warning systems on the front and the sides of the cars. These systems help drivers , but don't replace them. Curator Leslie Kendall of the Petersen Automotive Museum said autonomous cars will make the high ways safer．

   "By taking out drivers, you also remove most risks of an accident," Kendall said. He said consumers, however, may be unwilling to lose control. "It may take them time to come to realize that the technology is indeed reliable, but it will have to prove itself first. "

   Mason said the technology already works and the biggest challenge now is getting down the cost for driverless vehicles from hundreds of thousands of dollars to something more affordable. He said this will happen as the technology is improved.

1.What can we learn from Paragraph l?

A. Driverless vehicles are now legal in the whole USA.

B. Volvo will be the first to sell driverless cars.

C. Driverless cars are pointing us' a faraway future.

D. Google's self-driving cars have covered a long distance.

2.We learn that Governor of California Jerry Brown_________.

A. helped design self-driving cars.

B. supports self-driving cars on roads.

C. considers self-driving cars science fiction.

D. improved the self-driving car systems.

3.What is the role of the systems mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A. They can help people drive more safely.

B. They can take the place of drivers now.

C. They can make cars run without fuel.

D. They can help cars run much faster.

4.According to Richard Mason, what is the biggest challenge for driverless cars?

A. They are not allowed to run on the road.

B. Their technical problems remain to be solved.

C. They are now too expensive for consumers.

D. They are more dangerous for people on the street.

5.What's the best title of the passage?

A. The benefits of the self-driving cars.

B. The biggest challenge of the self-driving cars.

C. Safer or more dangerous-self-driving cars.

D. Self-driving cars-science fiction future is near.

 

All across California, honeybees are flying away from their hives(蜂箱) and dying. Empty hives are causing a lot of worry about some important food crops.

Bees give us a lot more than delicious honey. They are pollinators（授粉者）—they enable plants to produce the fruits and nuts we enjoy by carrying pollen from one plant or flower to the next. The wind pollinates oats, corn, and wheat, but many other plants (like apple and cherry trees and melon vines) depend on insects, bats, and birds. In the U.S., millions and millions of bees kept by human beekeepers fly around doing a lot of this important work for food crops. “Bees are worth protecting because their work adds so much to our diet,” says Dr. Jeff Pettis of the Bee Research Laboratory.

California’s almond (杏仁) crop alone depends on about half the bees in the country. But now the almond crop and many others could be in trouble with so many bees dying.

Researchers at government and university labs all over the country are trying to figure out why so many bees are dying. However, bees are hard to study. Most die away from the hive, so researchers don’t have dead bodies to examine. And when researchers return to a hive after two weeks, about half the bees they studied on their first visit will be dead, replaced by new ones in the natural life cycle of bees. “It isn’t like studying a large animal like a cow that doesn’t move around much and is easy to find out in the cow field,” says Pettis.

Researchers have some ideas about what could be affecting bee health. They could be sick from poisons widely used to kill insects, or they might not be getting enough good food to stay strong. Also, tiny insects called mites feed on bees. “A virus or bacteria could also be doing the killing.” explains Pettis.

1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?

A. The wind helps pollinate.

B. Bees are important in food crops.

C. Bees give us a lot of delicious honey.

D. Cherry trees are pollinated by bees.

2.Bees are hard to study because ____________.

A. they move around too much

B. new bees soon replace all the bees studied by researchers

C. they are too tiny

D. they never return to hives

3.What could cause so many bees to die?

A. Poisons to kill birds.                                                               B. Eating too much.

C. Large insects.                                                                          D. Some virus.

4.What can we learn from the article?

A. A large number of bees have died in the hive.

B. Without bees, some foods would disappear from our diet.

C. Only researchers in California want to know what kills bees.

D. Large animals are easier to study than tiny insects.

 

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多 余选项。（如果所用的答题卡没有E、F、G选项，则选E涂A、B，选F涂A、C，选G 涂A、D。）

Ryan Howes, a clinical psychologist from California, says "Forgiveness is a sensitive act that can feel like it opens us up to more pain． But we need to have a way to process and let go of the effects of injury, or we risk serious physical and emotional consequences．"

People who forgive tend to have better relationships, feel happier and more optimistic, and overall, enjoy better psychological well-being．   1.   It's a difficult process．

There's no single guidebook for forgiveness, though several experts sell their own methods．

Howes suggests focusing on four elements:

Express the emotion． Let yourself feel hurt and angry． Express it to the person who made you feel that way．   2.   Write a letter; you don't need to send it． Shout your emotions at the top of your lungs while you're in the car, alone, with the windows down．

__3.  We want explanations ?even if we don't agree with them． "Was it a misunderstanding? Were you mad at me? Some sort of cognitive framework （认知框架） is necessary, even if you don't like the reason．"

Rebuild safety．4.   That might mean an apology, reassurance from the person in question, distance or stronger boundaries．

Let go． Perhaps it's the hardest part: making a conscious decision not to hold a grudge （怨恨）．

If you're in a relationship, this means not bringing up past wrongs． By letting go, you give up

your role as the victim and become equals again．   5.

A．Otherwise, talk to a friend or even an empty chair

B．Control your feelings

C．Understand why

D．Before you forgive, you need to feel reasonably sure that the act won't reoccur

E．Still, no one ever said forgiveness was easy

F．It's a promise to yourself to stop feeling hurt and to fully move on

G．You may feel helpless, or like life is meaningless

 

Marriages improve after children grow up and move out，according to an academic study, which suggests an “empty nest” is not always a bad thing.

Popular wisdom has it that parents’ relationships may suffer once their young fly the coop, because they feel they have lost their purpose in life.However, a new study by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, has found that many couples actually feel happier when their children leave home because they are able to enjoy spending time together.

In total,123 American mothers born in the 1930s were tracked for 18 years and asked to rate their satisfaction levels shortly after marrying, when they were bringing up babies, once their children reached their teenage years and finally at age 61, when almost all had “empty nests”．

Although not all said they were happier in general, most claimed their marriages had improved since their children had left home. Researchers believe this is not just because the spouses were spending more time together, but because they were able to enjoy each other’s company more.

One of the participants in the study，which is published in the journal Psychological Science，said：“Once the kids grow up...there’s some of that stress removed...that responsibility removed，so things are a little more relaxed.”

Psychologist Sara Gorchoff，who carried out the investigation，said: “The take­home message for couples with young children is ‘hang in there’．” Her co­author Oliver John added：“Don’t wait until your kids leave home to schedule quality time with your partner.”

However, Dr Dorothy Rowe，from the British Psychological Society，said the effects of living in an “empty nest” will depend on the parents’ relationship with their children.“If you’re just waiting for them to leave home so you can get on with your life，then of course you’ll be pleased to see them go,” she said, “But if you’ve built your life around your children you’ll be terribly lonely.For some parents，their world falls apart when their children leave.”

1.It is commonly believed that___________.

A．marriages improve after children leave home

B．an “empty nest” is always a happy thing

C．parents’ relationships may suffer once their young grow up and move out

D．parents will be pleased after their children leave home

2.When did many couples feel happier according to the study?

A．At age 61, when almost all had “empty nests”.

B．Shortly after marrying.

C．Once their children reached their teenage years.

D．When they were bringing up babies.

3.Marriages improve after children fly the coop not because___________.

A．many couples are able to spend time together

B．many couples are able to enjoy each other’s company

C．things are a little more relaxed

D．many couples needn’t work at all

4.The author of the passage tends to agree that____________.

A．parents should build their life around their kids

B．parents should schedule quality time with each other before kids leave home

C．parents’ relationship with their kids has no effect on marriages at all

D．parents should be pleased to see their kids leave home

 

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