题目内容

It’s well-known that meditation (冥想) has many benefits, but do you know how to practice it for a beginner?

Set a proper scene

Find a space for meditation．It should be private and quiet．Make sure the temperature is comfortable．Sit on a cushion (垫子) if the floor is uncomfortable．You may play soft music if you like.

Take a moment to loosen up．Remember that the goal of meditation is to relax．Loosen your clothing, remove your shoes and have a good stretch．Do your best to ease any muscle tension that might keep you from achieving relaxation．Make an effort to relax your facial muscles．

Focus on your breath

Sit down in the space you’ve prepareD． Close your eyes and breathe．Each time you breathe in, count “one”．Each time you breathe out, count “one”．The idea is to strengthen being in the moment — the last breath doesn’t matter, and the next one doesn’t matter; only this one matters．

Feel your breath inflate (胀大) your lungs and push on your diaphragm (隔膜)．Feel how sweet it is to inhale the fresh air．As you do this, your body will gradually begin to relax and all of your attention will be centered within your minD．

Return to real life

Once you feel fully centered in your mind, allow yourself to gradually drift back to real life．Move your fingers and toes and slowly wake your body up．Open your eyes and remain there for a few minutes until your senses come back, and then slowly stand up．

Even if you can’t make it fully into your mind, you still get some benefits from it．If you want to feel better, you just need to practice．Set about 10 minutes around the same time every day and repeat this exercise.

1.The text is about _________.

A． steps in practicing meditation for beginners

B． tips on how to breathe slowly

C． the benefits of practicing meditation

D． the best way to stay relaxed

2.Which of the following can best fill in the blank?

A． Forget yourself.

B． Prepare yourself for it.

C． Avoid being disturbed.

D． Pay attention to your inner self．

3.The underlined word “inhale” in the text can be replaced by “__________”.

A． look for

B． take in

C． keep away

D． think of

4.To gain greater benefits of meditation, beginners are advised to __________.

A． do some exercise in advance

B． listen to some popular music

C． practice it every day

D． spend a long time in practicing it

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Life is filled with challenges．As we get older we come to realize that those challenges are the very things that shape us and make us who we are，it is the same with the challenges that come with friendship．When we are faced with a challenge，we usually have two choices．We can try to beat it off, or we can decide that the thing presenting the challenge isn’t worth the trouble and call it quits．Although there are certainly times when calling it quits is the right thing to do，in most cases all that is needed is commitment(承诺)and communication．

When we are committed to something， it means that no matter how painful or how uncomfortable something is，we will always choose to face it through instead of running away from it．Communication is making a space for discussion and talking about how you feel as opposed to just saying what the other person did wrong．If you can say to a friend，“I got my feelings hurt．” rather than“You hurt my feelings．”you are going to be able to solve the problem much faster．

In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for what they are：small hurdles you need to jump or get through on your way through life．Nothing is so big that it is impossible to get over, and hurt only serves to make us stronger．It is all part of growing up，it happens to everyone，and some day you will look back on all of this and say,“Hard as it was，it made me who I am today．And that is a good thing．”

1.What is the underlined word“committed”can be replaced by ____________．

A． devoted B satisfied

C． smpdsed D． interested

2.It can be inferred from the text that _____________．

A． friendship needs challenges

B． challenges shape our character

C． small hurdles aren’t worth the trouble

D． commitment promotes friendship

3.The writer suggests that _____________ when faced with a challenge．

A． one should call it quits

B． one should temporarily run away from it

C． one should be committed and communicable

D． one should lay it a side for a while

4.According to the passage，if your friend hurts your feelings，you are well advised to _______________．

A． forget it

B． talk to him／her about it directly

C． communicate properly with him／her

D． run away from it

5.The whole passage is centered on the relationship between _____________．

A． friendship and challenges

B． commitment and communication

C． communication and friendship

D． challenges and the ways to get through

You may think, salt is just a simple cooking element we shake on our food for a little extra taste. But salt is much more than that. Without salt our muscles would not move. Our nervous systems would not operate. Our hearts would not beat.

But do not think rubbing salt in a wound will help. Doing that would be painful and not heal the wound. To rub salt in a wound is an idiom that means to purposefully make a bad situation worse.

Early humans got the salt they needed to stay alive from the animals they killed. But advances in agriculture led to a diet low in salt. So, humans needed to find other sources. Those who lived near the ocean or other natural sources for salt were lucky. Those who did not had to trade for salt. In fact, people used salt as a method of payment in many parts of the ancient world. The word "salary" comes from the word "salt".

Salt also played an important part in population movement and world exploration. Explorers understood that if they could keep food fresh，they could travel longer distances. So they used salt to preserve food and explored the world.

Salt was so important that, according to food historians. it was traded pound-for-pound for gold. Today, people still use the expressions "to be worth one's salt" or "worth one's weight in salt". The expressions describe a person of value.

A person might also be called salt of the earth. That description means he or she is dependable and trustworthy. However, when you say "I think we should take what he said with a grain of salt" you mean you accept it but maintain a degree of doubt about its truth.

1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A. Salt plays an important part in our life.

B. Salt makes food tasty.

C. Salt is considered to be part of our muscles.

D. Salt is sure to damage nervous systems.

2.A beggar's bread was stolen last night.，which means .

A. salt of the earth B. rubbing salt in a wound

C. a diet low in salt D. worth his salt

3.If you describe a person as a great help, you mean .

A. he is called salt of the earth

B. he is often taken as a grain of salt

C. he often uses salt to preserve meat

D. he is worth his weight in salt

4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Salt Is More Than a Four-letter Word.

B. Salt Is a Basic Element in Cooking.

C. Salt Is a Word with a Long History.

D. Salt Is Popular with Different Persons.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

1.The man is ________(beg) for a job in order to support his family

2.The whole town was ___(destroy) by the tsunami.

3.My brother _____(prefer) the country to the city in the past.

4.He is a ________(rely) friend.

5.Children usually prefer playing _______ (在户外)。

6.We can’t get it through the door ______ _________(因为) its width.

7.You ought to ______ _______ ________ (利用) any opportunity to practice English.

8.We waited inside until things _____ _______ (平静) at last.

9.What moved us most was that they never _______ _______(丧失信心)

10.To our surprise, they ______ ______ ________（改变主意）the next day.

Whatever your level is, choosing to take French lessons in France is the best way to learn French．Place yourself in the local culture and practice your newly found skills in your free time．

You will be taught by native (本地的) French speakers who have a love for teaching and use excellent teaching techniques．Lessons are interesting and you will speak French on the first day both inside and outside the classroom．

Learners

●Suitable for all levels from beginners to advanced (高级的)

● Over 18 years old

Class Schedule (课表)

● Classes start on Mondays and run throughout the summer．

● Please arrive at the school by 8:15 am on your first day for a short level test．It will help to place you in the right class．

● Classes run from Monday to Friday each week．

● Classes start at 8:45 am each day depending on your level．

● You will have 3 classes per day lasting 55 minutes each．

● You will have a short break between classes．

Free Time and Tours

● The school offers a lot of cultural activities throughout the week．These activities can include cooking lessons, wine and cheese tasting, visits to Paris, cycling, movies and much more．

● You will have plenty of free time to explore (探索) the local area and practice your newly found language skills or just relax on this learning holiday with a difference．

Other Information

● You should bring a small dictionary, pens and paper with you．

Get more from your holiday, have fun, meet new people and take home a new language skill that will stay with you forever．

1.What is special about the French courses?

A． They are taught in small groups．

B． The teachers are young French speakers．

C． People learn French in and out of class．

D． They will offer a wine tasting license．

2.On the first day, the students should ______．

A． take a language test

B． pay for their study

C． do a survey

D． introduce themselves to the class

3.How many lessons are there in a week?

A． 21

B． 30

C． 15

D． 12

We have arrived in the hot, wet city of Bangkok．This is our first trip to Thailand(泰国)．All the different smells make us want to try the food．We are going to eat something special for dinner tonight．The hotel we are staying in is cheap, and very clean．We plan to stay here for a few days, visit some places in the city, and then travel to Chiang Mai in the North.

Tuesday, March 27th

Bangkok is wonderful and surprising! The places are interesting．We visited the famous market which was on water, and saw a lot of fruits and vegetables．Everything is so colorful, and we have taken hundreds of photos already! Later today we will leave for Chiang Mai．We will take the train north, stay in Chiang Mai for two days, and then catch a bus to Chiang Rai.

Friday, March 30th

Our trip to Chiang Rai was long and boring．We visited a small village in the mountains．The village people here love the quiet life--no computers or phones．They are the kindest people I have ever met．They always smile and say “hello”．Kathy and I can only speak a few words of Thai, so smiling is the best way to show our kindness．I feel good here and hope to be able to come back next year.

1.The diaries above show the writer’s _____ days in Thailand.

A． 3

B. 7

C． 15

D． 30

2.Which of the following is TRUE?

A． Chiang Mai is a beautiful city in the south of Thailand.

B. The writer is traveling alone in Thailand.

C． Chiang Rai is a boring city in the mountains.

D． The writer left Chiang Mai for Chiang Rai by bus.

3.The people in the village _____.

A． are friendly to others

B. like to speak English

C． are very weak

D． hope to live in the cities

4.What is the best title for the whole diary?

A． My First Travel

B. The Outside World

C． Traveling in Thailand

D． A Country on the Train

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Value of Tears

Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose. They can leave you embarrassed and without energy. However, crying is a fact of life，and tears are very useful. Even when you’re not crying, they make a film over the eye’s surface. 1.

When tears fall, they reduce stress. But we tend to fight them for all sorts of reasons. “ People worry about showing their emotions, afraid that once they lose control they’ll never get it back.” 2. After we cry, the feelings that caused the tears often disappear,

Sometimes people become much stressed and can’t cry. Whatever emotion they are feeling-shock, anger, fear, or sadness is being held back.

But everyone has the need to cry. Psychologist Vera Diamond explains that her treatment often consists of giving people permission to cry. 3. Patients practice crying just to become used to express emotions. She suggests safe, private places to cry, like under the bedcovers or in the car. Crying is a way of ease tension, but people don’t like it when others cry because it makes them tense. 4. And they’ll do just about anything to make you stop.

In certain situations, such as at work, tears are not appropriate. It’s good not to cry during a tense business discussion. 5. You should also act out the whole situation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will help you feel better. “And,” she adds, “Once your tears have taken away the stress, you can begin to think calmly of ways to deal with the problem.”

Tears are a sign of our ability to feel. If you find yourself near someone crying, deal with it. And never be afraid to cry yourself.

A. They too may be holding back a need to cry.

B. They cry for different reasons..

C. She gives crying exercises.

D. It contains a chemical against infection（炎症）.

E. The fact is no emotion lasts forever.

F. It forms in response to the stress on the surface of the eye.

G. But once you’re safely behind closed doors, don’t just cry.

The government has made it clear _______ 35 international soccer stars will be invited to coach students in soccer.

A. what B. when C. that D. which

What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science?

We all know that science plays an important role in our societies. However, many people believe that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first aspect is the application of the machines, products and systems of knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. The second is the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.

What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is curious - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually pays attention to problems which he notices have no satisfying explanation, and looks for relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.

He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and uses the facts he observes to the fullest. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum(光谱).

He does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available. He rejects authority as the only basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively.

Furthermore, he does not readily accept his own idea, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.

Lastly, he is full of imagination since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to guess how processes work and how events take place.

These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.

1.Which of the following statements about a curious scientist is TRUE?

A. He doesn’t find confidence and pleasure in work.

B. He is interested in problems that are explained.

C. He makes efforts to investigate potential connections.

D. He looks for new ways of acting.

2.According to the passage, a successful scientist would NOT______.

A. easily believe in unchecked statements.

B. easily criticize others' research work.

C. always use his imagination in work.

D. always use evidence from observation.

3.Which word can be used to describe the data that a good scientist uses?

A. complete B. concrete

C. complicated D. confusing

4. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Application of technology.

B. Progress in modern society.

C. Successful scientists' ways of thinking and acting.

D. How to become a successful scientist.

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