题目内容

【题目】Thirteen vehicles lined up last March to race across the Mojave Desert, seeking a million in prize money. To win, they had to finish the 142-mile race in less than 10 hours. Teams and watchers knew there might be no winner at all, because these vehicles were missing a key part -drivers.

DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, organized the race as part of a push to develop robotic vehicles for future battlefields. But the Grand Challenge, as it was called, just proved how difficult it is to get a car to speed across an unfamiliar desert without human guidance. One had its brake lock up in the starting area. Another began by throwing itself onto a wall. Another got tied up by bushes near the road after 1.9 miles.

One turned upside down. One took off in entirely the wrong direction and had to be disabled by remote control. One went a little more than a mile and rushed into a fence; another managed to go for six miles but stuck on a rock. The “winner,” if there was any; reached 7.8 miles before it ran into a long, narrow hole, and the front wheels caught on fire.

“You get a lot of respect for natural abilities of the living things,” says Reinhold Behringer, who helped design two of the car-size vehicles for a company called Sci-Autonics. “Even ants can do all these tasks effortlessly . It’s very hard for us to put these abilities into our machines.”

The robotic vehicles, though with necessary modern equipment such as advanced computers and GPS guidance, had trouble figuring out fast enough the blocks ahead that a two-year-old human recognizes immediately, Sure, that very young child, who has just only learned to walk, may not think to wipe apple juice off her face, but she already knows that when there’s a cookie in the kitchen she has to climb up the table, and that when she gets to the cookie it will taste good. She is more advanced, even months old, than any machine humans have designed.

【1】Watchers doubted if any of the vehicles could finish the race because .

A.they did not have any human guidance

B.the road was not familiar to the drivers

C.the distance was too long for the vehicles

D.the prize money was unattractive to the drivers

【2】DARPA organized the race in order to .

A.raise money for producing more robotic vehicles

B.push the development of vehicle industry

C.train more people to drive in the desert

D.improve the vehicles for future wars

【3】From the passage we know “robotic vehicles” are a kind of machines that .

A.can do effortlessly whatever tasks living thing can

B.can take part in a race across 142 miles with a time limit

C.can show off their ability to turn themselves upside down

D.can move from place to place without being driven by human beings

【4】In the race, the greatest distance one robotic vehicle covered was .

A.about eight miles B.six miles

C.almost two miles D.about one mile

【5】In the last paragraph, the writer implies that there is a long way to go .

A.for a robotic vehicle to finish a 142-mile race without any difficulties

B.for a little child who has just learned to walk to reach the cookie on the table

C.for a robotic vehicle to deal with a simple problem that a little child can solve

D.for a little child to understand the importance of wiping apple juice off its face

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】D

【4】A

【5】C

【解析】

试题分析:这是一篇科普说明文,介绍了无人驾驶车辆的特点。

【1】A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后because these vehicles were missing a key part drivers.可知因为这些赛车没人驾驶。故A

【2】D推理判断题。根据第二段的第一句话organized the race as part of a push to develop robotic vehicles for future battlefields.可知DARPA组织这次比赛是为了推动发展遥控车运用于将来的战争中故选D

【3】D 推理判断题。根据文章第一到三段可知 “robotic vehicles” 是一种无人驾驶的遥控车故选D

【4】A推理判断题。根据两段可知,这些无人驾驶车不太好控制,经常出现问题,其中最好的距离是7.8英里。故A

【5】C 推理判断推。根据最后一段内容可知,无人驾驶车辆有必备的现代设备,但是也有辨认缺陷,然而就像婴儿学会够到桌上的糖一样,无人驾驶车辆也会处理好一些简单的问题的。

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【题目】B

Showering typically sends water down the drain, but a new space-age shower could change that. The design, inspired by NASA, saves water and money.

Astronauts have no choice but to recycle the water they use in space. Now the Orbital Systems Shower of the Future brings that concept down to Earth. This futuristic shower comes from Orbital Systems, a Swedish advanced technology company. Its CEO, Mehrdad Mahdjoubi, invented the product.

"The shower of the future is a water-recycling shower, thus enabling water savings up to 90 percent, energy savings up to 80 percent, at the same time increasing comfort and hygiene. The water is being collected in the drain, it's being analyzed, purified and then pumped back up to the shower head. So what is so special about the purification technology? Well, it's based on a patented purification capsule system that makes sure that the water is always crystal clear," he explained.

Mahdjoubi was inspired by a project between NASA and Sweden's Lund University to come up with designs for a mission to Mars. He adapted the closed-loop system that allows astronauts to re-use shower water again and again.

The product already has been tested in Sweden, where it saved up to 100,000 liters of water over four months. Based on those results, Mahdjoubi is confident his company can distribute the shower system worldwide.

"Our market is anyone who takes a shower, actually, and the biggest benefit it gives is to the market segment where the water consumption is the highest, such as bathing establishments, gyms, sports centers. Also, private households where the water consumption and the prices are high," said Mahdjoubi.

The "out of this world" design has won several business and innovation

【1】What does the underlined sentence mean in paragraph 2?

A. Astronauts bring the space water to the earth.

B. Theres need for the astronauts to save water any more.

C. People on the earth can do the same like the astronauts.

D. People have to recycle water on the earth.

【2】Whats the order of working procedure of the new shower?

collect the water; purify the water;

analyze the water; pump back the water

A. ①②③④ B. ①③②④

C. ①④②③ D. ①②④③

【3】Whats Mahdjoubi’s attitude towards the new product?

A. Optimistic B. Uncertain

C. Negative D. Indifferent

【4】Why does the author write the passage?

A. To introduce a new technology

B. To find a way to save energy

C. To promote a new product

D. To seek for investment

【题目】Animals, including insects, don't have a "language" like ours. They do not 'talk' to each other in words and sentences. But if we watch them, we can see that they do have their ways of communicating with each other.

Can you see the rabbit's tail? When rabbits see this white tail moving up and down, they run away. They know that they are in danger. The rabbit has told them something without making a sound. It has given them a signal.

Many other animals use this kind of "language". When a cobra is angry, it raises its head and makes itself look powerful . This warns other animals. When a bee has found food, it goes back to its home. It cannot 'tell' the other bees where the food is by speaking to them, but it does a little dance. This tells the bees where the food is.

Some animals "say" things by making sounds. A dog barks, for example, when a stranger comes near. A cat purrs when it is pleased. Some birds make several different sounds, each with its own meaning. Sometimes we human beings speak in the same way. We make sounds like "Oh" or "Ah" when we are frightened or pleased or when we drop something on our toes.

【1】Which one is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Animals have languages like human beings.

B. Bees communicate with each other by dancing.

C. Animals can use words.

D. Animals are brave.

【2】A rabbit uses its tail to ______.

A. warn other rabbits when they are in danger

B. tell other rabbits where food is

C. make itself look powerful

D. help it to run fast

【3】When a cobra is angry, it ______.

A. makes a loud noise B. raises its head

C. moves up and down D. does a little dance

【4】Several different sounds can be made by a _ _

A. rabbit B. bee C. bird D. fish

【5】From the passage, we know that _____ use words and sentences to express ideas and thoughts.

A. all living things B. all animals

C. some birds D. human beings

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