Question

阅读理解 　　Americans often try to say things as quickly as possible, so for some expressions we use the first letters of the words instead of saying each word．Many common expressions or long names are shortened this way． 　　BYOB is a short way of saying “bring your own bottle”．The letters BYOB are often found at the bottom of a written invitation to a simple social event or gathering friends．For example, I decide to have a party on a Sunday afternoon．I might write a note saying, “Please come to the party, and BYOB．” The bottle each person brings is what that person wants to drink at the party． 　　An invitation to a special event, such as a wedding, would never say BYOB．However, an invitation to an official or very special event often has other letters at the bottom of it．The letters are RSVP．The letters represent the French expression “repondez sil vous plait”．In English, the words mean “Respond if it pleases you”．Americans use the letters as a short way to say please answer this invitation． 　　Another expression ASAP is often heard in business offices．My boss might say she wants something done ASAP．It means as soon as possible．She also might tell me she wants something done by COB．That means she wants it finished by close of business, or the end of the workday． 　　Beginning letters often are used to represent the name of a university．A famous one is MIT．It is short for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology．Another major university is UCLA, almost no one ever says its real name, the University of California at Los Angeles．That takes too long． 　　Some American businesses are better known for the beginning letters of their name than for their complete names．For example, you may not have heard of the company called International Business Machines, but you probably have heard of the company by its short name IBM．And the American Telephone and Telegraph Company is much better known as AT & T．Many American government agencies are known by the beginning letters of their name, too．For example, the FBI is the Federal Bureau of Investigation．The FBI investigates criminal activity in the United States．Then there is the IRS, the Internal Revenue Service．It is not a very popular agency．It collects Federal taxes．Here is an example you already know－VOA．Yes, it is the short name of the “Voice of America”． (1) What is the main subject of this article? [　　] A． The Voice of America． B． A short way of saying． C． Introduction of famous companies． D． Brief introduction of VOA． (2) Why do Americans try to use a short way of saying? [　　] A． It’s easy to remember． B． They like to shorten long names． C． They try to say things as quickly as possible． D． They are told to do so． (3) How do Americans shorten their long names? [　　] A． They use the first letters of the words instead of saying each word． B． They are told how to shorten them by authorities(权威)． C． They shorten long names as they like． D． Not mentioned in the article． (4) Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage? [　　] A． RSVP． B． COB． C． IRS． D． AT．

Answer 1

答案：1．B;2．C;3．A;4．D;
解析：

(1)	考查主旨大意。根据前面短文大意的概述，选项B表述符合题意。本题难度小。
(2)	考查细节理解。从文章第一句话可以得知。本题难度中等，选项A有一定干扰性。
(3)	考查细节理解。从作者所举的例子很容易看出省略的特征就是采用每个单词的第一个字母。选项A符合表述要求。本题难度小。
(4)	[解析]考查细节理解。四个选项结合文中例子一查便可以确定。文中提到了AT&T，但没有AT。难度小。 　　[文章大意]本文讲述了在美国日常生活中，人们为了方便经常使用省略说法，并详细列举了诸多例子加以说明。