The word “plastic” comes from the Greek word “Platicos” and is used to describe_1_which can be easily shaped.?

The history of plastics is longer than you might_2_.In fact _3_ manmade plastics ever to appear on the market was made over a hundred years ago. It was called “celluloid(赛璐璐)”.It was discovered by both an Englishman and an American in the same year._4_it was the Americans who first produced it on a large scale during the year 1860.Everybody was _5_by this new material which could be moulded (用模子做) into shapes and _6_so cheap to buy.

Poor young men _7_in cities with lots of smoke and dirt were_8_ to buy white celluloid collars(领子).The collars were hard and uncomfortable. But they did not have to be sent to wash. The poor young men _9_ rub them clean every evening with soap and water! Poor mothers,

_10_ had not been able to afford playthings _11_their children, were now able to buy them playthings _12_ of celluloid. But celluloid had one very serious fault. It caught fire very easily. In fact it burned even more quickly than wood or cloth. There were many terrible accidents, particularly _13_ children. For years scientists worked hard to find a better plastic material than celluloid. They had _14_ success. Then in 1932 an American scientist called Baekeland produced a hard plastic material which did not burn. _15_ became known _16_ bakelite(酚醛塑料).Other plastic materials like bakelite were _17_ produced. They _18_ to make electrical fittings and plates and cups. Poor people liked them because they were both cheap and safe, but rich people _19_ them because they were cheap, and because they could only be made _20_dark colours.

1. A. something    B. everything  C. thing            D. anything

2. A. wish        B. think       C. want            D. hope

3. A. first         B. at first      C. for the first      D. the first

4. A. So          B. But        C. And            D. As

5. A. surprised     B. excited     C. told            D. frightened

6. A. be          B. were       C. was             D. is

7. A. waiting      B. running    C. walking          D. working

8. A. going       B. sure        C. about            D. able

9. A. could       B. ought to     C. must            D. should

10. A. which      B. who       C. whom            D. that

11. A. for        B. like        C. in               D. of

12. A. done       B. produced   C. worked           D. made

13. A. between    B. on        C. among            D. about

14. A. much      B. great.      C. never             D. little

15. A. The man   B. He         C. It                D. The scientist

16. A. as        B. with        C. by               D. to

17. A. already    B. still         C. also             D. yet

18. A. used      B. hoped       C. were used         D. had

19. A. took     B. loved       C. enjoyed           D. disliked

20. A. in       B. by          C. from             D. of

【小题1】  _ One of the best things you can possibly do is to start you own club. It’s great fun especially if you are the sort of person who feels there’s never anything to do during the school holidays.
The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club.  _【小题2】  _ Pets, clothes, pop music or dancing groups, sports, making things? The list is endless.
Next you need some friends to be in your club with you.  【小题3】  _ All you need is three or four other people who are interested in the same thing as you.
 【小题4】  You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up. That’ll keep you busy for ages.
At your first meeting you should make up a rule book. And the first rule should be no grown-ups or little/big brothers or sisters! The best clubs are always secret!
Now you have just about everything you need, except membership cards. These are very important and again you can speed a lot of time making them.  【小题5】      Why not leave some space for a photo of yourself? That will make the membership card really look like it.
So there you are, get clubbing! Once you get started you’ll think of loads of more interesting things to do!

A. That’s easy.
B. Enjoy your own club!
C. Invite a designer to join you.
D. What are you interest in?
E.  Some vacation is just around the corner.
F.  Then you need to pick a name for your club.
G.  Use a bright thick pen to make a special design.

Has Tiger Mom gone soft? One year after the release of her book, "Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother," Amy Chua is back in the spotlight, reflecting on how overnight infamy(恶名)affected her life, her family and her parenting.

"I've changed a lot," she told The Huffington Post. "In October, we had 30 kids at our house! We've hosted parties with lots of food and music."

Last January, the Wall Street Journal published an excerpt(节选)from Chua's book with the headline "Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior." In the excerpt, Chua described how her daughters were never allowed to have sleepovers(在外过夜的儿童聚会), appear in school plays, earn any grade lower than an A . Chua, an author and professor at Yale Law School, spent much of 2011 on the defensive. In fact, many of her interviews seemed to lend fuel to her critics' fire.

Now, with the book out in paperback(简装),she said, "I put passages in the book and used very harsh words that I regret. Everybody has those moments you wish you could take back." Many of the scenes she described in the book are a far cry from the child-raising methods she advocates.

For those who still read "Battle Hymn" as an advice guide, Chua argues that so-called tiger parenting should be employed mainly during a child's early years, ideally between the ages of 5 and 12. These "super-strict parenting methods" are not meant for all ages. Remaining strict after middle school makes you a helicopter parent, according to Chua. And she is quick to point out how different that is from being a tiger mom.

"By the time kids get to high school, helicopter parents are hiring all these tutors, carrying their kids' sports bags. I never checked older daughter Sophia's papers because I knew she knew how to sit down and focus," Chua said.

As for younger daughter Lulu, 15, the rebel for whom the book waswritten, Chua has really backed off. Instead of forcing Lulu to practice violin for hours a day -- the source of their biggest fights, Chua "let her give that up". "My compromise is that I'm going to still be as strict academically, but in exchange she has a lot of social freedom. Lulu has had four sleepovers in the last two months!" Chua said. "Chua predicts she'll only get more easygoing with age.

1.From Paragraph 1 we can know that after the publication of the book_____.

A.Tiger Mom became stricter with her children

B.Tiger Mom was thought highly by the public

C.Tiger Mom’s life and family were influenced

D.Tiger Mom became wealthy and easygoing

2.What does the passage mainly tell us?

A.Tiger Mom has changed and wants to be soft.

B.Tiger Mom persuaded readers to follow her example.

C.How Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother came out.

D.How Tiger Mom became the worldwide spotlight.

3.What does the underlined phrase “a far cry from” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A.similar to          B.just the same as     C.very different from  D.a cry far from

4.What is the writer’s attitude towards Tiger Mom?

A.supportive        B.opposed          C.unconcerned      D.objective

 

Deciding which English-speaking country to study in wasn’t difficult for Ann; She had always wanted to visit America. “I wanted to study in an  English-language country and I always wanted to visit America because it always seemed to me a very beautiful and friendly country.” Ann is more than happy with the quality of the education she is receiving in America, particularly with the subjects and strong academic support.“ I am very happy with the quality of education I am receiving. All my subjects are useful and connected. I am happy with help I receive from the lecturers and tutors.”

Also of particular satisfaction for Ann is the practical element of her American course. “I find it very important and useful. The theory is a good thing to know but nothing gives you more skills and knowledge than practical work.”

Where her future employment is concerned, Ann is very confident her American qualification will be of great help. “I know that getting a degree here is a good thing for my future; it can open many doors in Poland or anywhere  else in the world.

Ann is also really enjoying life in America; She is making friends and taking time out to enjoy herself. “People are very friendly and helpful. University is a good place to find new friends from America and from overseas. It is a friendly environment with lots of things to do, not only studying. And of course there are the beaches, not to mention the beautiful weather.”

1.The purpose of writing this passage is to _________.

A.tell us Ann’s decision to settle in America

B.tell us Ann is accustomed to life in America

C.introduce Ann’s happy study and life in America

D.introduce more about Ann to help her make friends

2.Why did Ann decide to study in America?

A.Her parents persuaded her to do so.

B.She has relatives and best friends here.

C.Her boyfriend was studying here too then.

D.She has dreamed of studying here for long.

3.What makes Ann particularly satisfied in America?

A.The comfortable climate and easy lifestyle.

B.The help from her host families and teachers.

C.The American courses have more practical elements.

D.The friends here are mostly from English-speaking countries.

 

Nowadays, a cellphone service is available to everyone, everywhere. Probably thousands of people have already been using it, but I just discovered it, so I'm going to claim it and also name it: Fake Foning.

The technology has been working well for me at the office, but there are infinite(无限的) applications. Virtually in any public space.

Say you work at a big university with lots of talky faculty members buzzing about. Now, say you need to use the restroom. The trip down the hall will take approximately one hour, because a person can't walk into those talky people without getting pulled aside for a question, a bit of gossip, a new read on a certain line of Paradise Lost.

So, a cellphone. Any cellphone. Just pick it up. Don't dial. Just hold that phone to your face and start talking. Walk confidently down the hall engaged in fake conversation, making sure to tailor both the topic and content to the person standing before you whom you are trying to avoid.

For standard colleague avoidance, I suggest fake chatting about fake business:

"Yes, I'm glad you called, because we really need to hammer out the details. What's that? Yes, I read Page 12, but if you look at the bottom of 4, I think you can see the problem begins right there."

Be engaged in your fake fone conversation. Make eye contact with the people passing, nod to them, gesture keen interest in talking to them at a later time, point to your phone, shrug and move on.

Shoppers should consider fake foning anytime they spot a talky neighbor in the produce department pinching (用手捏) unripe peaches. Without your phone at your face, you'd be in for a 20-minute speech on how terrible the world is.

One important caution about fake foning. The other day I was fake foning my way past a colleague, and he was actually following me to get my attention. I knew he wanted to ask about a project I had not yet finished. I was trying to buy myself some time, so I continued fake foning with my doctor. "So I don't need the operation? Oh, doctor, that is the best news."

And then: Brrrrrrng! Brrrrrmg! Brrrrrmg! My phone started ringing, right there while it was planted on my face. My colleague looked at me, and I at him, and naturally I gasped. "What is the matter with this thing?" I said, pulling the phone away to look at it, and then putting it back to my ear.

"Hello? Are you still there?"  Oops.

1.According to the passage Fake Foning is _______________________.

A.a strategy to avoid people                 B.a device newly produced

C.a service provided everywhere             D.a skill of communication

2.In the author's opinion, in order to make fake foning look real one has to__________________.

A.talk about interesting matters              B.behave politely to people passing by

C.hold the phone while walking              D.appear absorbed in conversation

3.What does the last example show?

A.One effective way is to fake fone one's doctor.

B.One has to be careful while fake foning.

C.Fake foning may not cheat people.

D.Fake foning is always quite successful.

4.After his phone suddenly began ringing, the author___________________.

A.immediately started talking to the caller

B.immediately started talking to his colleague

C.put the phone away and stopped talking

D.continued with his fake conversation

5.What is the tone of the passage?

A.Critical.           B.Humorous.         C.Serious.           D.Unclear.

 

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