Question

1. It was James Watt，s observation of steam from a kettle           the idea of the steam engine. ( birth)

James Watt观察到从茶壶飘出的蒸汽，这让他产生了蒸汽机的想法。

Answer 1

1. that gave birth to考查强调句。give birth to sth. 诞生，产生„本句强调主语"James Watt，s observation of steam from a kettle"。强调句型的构成是：It is (was)+被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其他成分。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，可以由who代替that。强调句的时态和句子的谓语动词时态要一致。