题目内容

Pain is now considered the fifth _____sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature , breathing rate and pulse in determining a person’s health.

A.
original
B.
vital
C.
unique
D.
vivid

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Life is difficult.

It is a great truth because once we truly understand and accept it, then life is no longer difficult.

Most do not fully see this truth. Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy. It seems to them that difficulties represent(代表) a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families, their class, or even their nation.

What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one. Problems, depending on their nature, cause in us sadness or loneliness or regret or anger or fear. These are uncomfortable feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. And since life causes an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.

Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning.

Problems are the serious test that tells us success from failure. When we desire to encourage the growth of the human spirit, we encourage the human ability(能力) to solve problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn. As Benjamin Franklin said, “Those things that hurt, instruct.” It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.

56. From the passage, it can be inferred that ______.

A. everybody has problems

B. we become stronger by facing and solving the problems of life

C. life is difficult because our problems bring us pain

D. people like to complain about their problems

57.The writer probably used just one short sentence in the first paragraph to ______.

A. save space B. persuade readers

C. make readers laugh D. get reader's attention

58. The main idea of paragraph 3 is that ______.

A. most people feel life is easy

B. the writer feels life is easy

C. the writer likes to complain about his problems

D. most people complain about how hard their lives are

59. According to the passage, we give school children difficult problems to solve in order to ______.

A. encourage them to learn

B. teach them to fear the pain of solving problems

C. help them learn to deal with pain

D. teach them how to respect for problems

C
Fear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that man and animals possess if they are used. If fire didn’t hurt when it burned, children would play with it until their hands were burned away. Similarly, if pain existed but fear didn’t, a child could burn itself again and again because fear would not warn it to keep away from the fire that had burnt it before. A really fearless soldier—and some do exist—is not a good soldier because he is soon killed; and a dead soldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which man and animals might soon die out.
In our first sentence we suggested that fear ought to be properly used. If, for example, you never go out of your house because of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street by a car, you are letting fear rule you too much. The important thing is not to let fear rule you, but instead, to use fear as your servant and guide. Fear will warn you of dangers; then you have to decide what action to take.
In many cases, you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger. For example, you see a car coming straight towards you; fear warns you, you jump out of the way, and all is well.
In some cases, however, you decide that there is nothing that you can do to avoid the danger. For example, you cannot prevent an airplane crashing into your house, and you may not want to go and live in a desert where there are no airplanes. In this case, fear has given you its warning, you have examined it and decided on your course of action, so fear of the particular danger is no longer of any use to you, and you have to try to overcome it.
65. People sometimes succeed in timely avoiding danger because _________.
A. they have gained experience     B. they are warned of the danger and take quick action
C. they jump out of the way in time D. they are calm in face of danger
66. What is implied but not stated in the passage?
A. Too much fear is harmful              B. Fear is always something helpful
C .Fear is something that can be avoided      D. Fear ought to be used as our guide in our life
67.The best title for this passage should be __________.
A. No Pains, No Gains          B. Pain and Actions
C. The Value of Fear      D .The Reason Why People Fear

Imagine your body is like the house you live in．Every day, your family creates rubbish．The rubbish builds up until it is put out for the weekly garbage collection．
Now, say you put three bags of garbage out, but because one of the collectors was away sick, only two bags are collected．You take the leftover bag inside to be put out again next week．The following week you put on another three bags, plus the leftover bag from last week．But again, only two bags are collected．Imagine this cycle is repeated over the following weeks．
This is a simple description of what happens to your body when your kidneys （肾脏）don't work efficiently．Your body is not thoroughly emptied of waste products．Other areas of the body such as blood pressure and red blood cell production are affected and the insidious process that may lead to kidney failure begins．
It's not uncommon for people to lose up to 90% of their kidney function before developing any symptoms．There may be no warning signs. This makes early detection （诊查）difficult．
Kidney's main job is to remove toxins（毒素） and unwanted water from our blood．Every day our kidneys clean an average of 200 litres of blood．Kidney failure may be a gradual and silent process, going unnoticed because there is no obvious pain．
Research shows that more than 35% of the patients requiring dialysis（透析）do not see a kidney specialist before they have to do so．Some risk factors for kidney disease such as age and genetic make-up are out of our control; however, some changes in lifestyle may help prevent kidney damage．Two major risk factors for kidney disease, diabetes （糖尿病）and high blood pressure, have been on the rise over the last few decades．Both conditions are chiefly affected by being overweight and not getting enough exercises, which are the potential (潜在的) risk factors for the kidney disease．
【小题1】The author gives the example of the house we live in to indicate that ______．

A．it doesn't matter much if the waste in our body is not emptied in time

B．our body will not produce any waste if our kidneys work efficiently

C．it's important for our body to empty the waste in time every day

D．it's safe and harmless for our body to keep some waste

【小题2】The underlined word “insidious” in Paragraph 3 means .

A．smooth and safe	B．apparent and fast
C．gradual and unnoticed	D．long and painful

【小题3】We can infer that when we find some symptoms related to our kidneys, .

A．the kidney failure begins

B．the kidneys can still work properly

C．we have lost about 10% of kidney function

D．the kidneys may have been seriously damaged

【小题4】How many risk factors of kidney disease are mentioned in the passage?

【小题5】Which of the following helps prevent kidney damage most effectively?

A．Go to see a kidney specialist shortly before dialysis starts.

B．Take enough exercise and make early detection of kidney disease.

C．Try to keep low blood pressure and a stable lifestyle.

D．Go to hospital whenever you find any warning signs.

三：阅读理解（共25小题；每小题2分，满分50分）

Eye Facts

There are many commonly held beliefs about eyesight that are not proven facts. For example, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes. But there is no evidence to show that the structure（结构）of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at young age. Wearing the wrong glasses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop loss of sight if they have glasses unsuitable for their eyes.

We have all heard some of the common myths about how eyesight gets bad. Most people believe that reading in weak light causes poor eyesight, but that is untrue. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained. Eyestrain also results from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. However, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not damage eyesight in the long term.

Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced, or transplanted from one person to another. There are close to one million nerve fibers（神经纤维）that connect the eyeball to the brain; as of yet, it is impossible to connect them all in a new person. Only certain parts of the eye can be replaced. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, someday a full transplant may be possible!

1. This passage is mostly about __________.

A. different types of eye problems B. myths about eyesight

C. beliefs of eye doctors D. eye transplants

2. One cause of eyestrain mentioned in the passage is __________.

A. wearing glasses too long B. suffering from pain or headaches

C. reading in poor light D. reading before going to bed

3. From the passage we can conclude that __________.

A. doctors are still learning things about eyesight

B. wearing wrong glasses is less harmful to adults

C. eye transplants have been performed successfully

D. people should not wear glasses at young age

Writer and power chair adventurer Mary Laver has not walked for twenty years. Yet the cheerful and positive 60 year old is not only refusing to let her disability get her down ---- she is also planning to cross the length of Britain in a power wheelchair.

Getting ready for the trip is not easy. She has already run into many problems - not least officials and organizations who view her as a health and safety risk. One police officer wrote to Mary requesting:

1. The proposed route through our area with road numbers.

2. The dates and times each day that this will be taking place.

3. The location details of the proposed overnight stops.

4. The names and mobile phone contact details of the Support Crew.

Another police officer asked her to travel off road! As Mary told me, this was unacceptable - as a power wheelchair user with limited movement she needs to be "gettable".

There are other problems in her way though - she is, after all, in her 60’s and has severe rheumatoid arthritis(风湿性关节炎). However, unlike many other people with arthritis, she is no longer in pain.

"When you are in a power chair and it is going at eight miles an hour, believe me it feels fast … to me it is the Formula One(一级方程式赛车) chair of electric wheelchairs."

At the end of the interview, I asked Mary if she had a message for any other power chair users who wanted to do a challenge, and her reply was simple："Just do it!"

1.What is Mary Laver planning to do？

A. Travel to write a power wheelchair adventure.

B. Travel across Britain in a power wheelchair.

C. Prove she can do what a man can in driving.

D. Try a fast Formula One power chair sport.

2. Why did a police officer write to Mary requesting the four points?

A. He tried to stop her. B. Mary’s adventure is valueless.

C. The power chair is too fast. D. He wanted to ensure her safety.

3.The underlined word “She needs to be gettable” in the passage probably means “_______”

A. She’ll have a try whatever difficulties she may have.

B. A road for a power wheelchair user is a must for her.

C. Mary has to jump off her wheelchair once on the road.

D. With rheumatoid arthritis, she need some field help.

4.When Mary said “Just do it !” at the end of the interview, she meant “_______”

A. Be brave though disabled. B. Fear no challenges at all.

C. Take action right away. D. Make it whoever you are.

Pain is now considered the fifth _____sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature , breathing rate and pulse in determining a person’s health.

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