题目内容

Some scientists warn that ice near the Earth’s Poles may indeed be melting. This “polar meltdown” may be the first sign that the Earth is heating up. We could be in very serious trouble if this trend continues. It is estimated that a meltdown of as little as 10 percent of Antarctica’s ice would raise sea levels around the globe by 4 to 9 meters. Floods would cover low-lying regions and turn coastal cities like New York and New Orleans into real life underwater world.

Scientists first predicted in the 1970s that heat trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere could cause a polar meltdown. Many now believe that human activities are turning up the heat. When we burn fossil fuels like coal and oil, we add carbon dioxide(CO2) gas to the Earth’s atmosphere. Cutting down trees also makes CO2 levels raise because trees normally soak up CO2 to make food. Scientists say higher CO2 levels strengthen the “greenhouse effect” and could increase the Earth’s temperature. In fact, CO2 levels have risen by 30 percent since the Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries.

Over the past three years, satellite measurements have shown a sea level rise of about a quarter inch worldwide. “If nothing is done to reduce fossil-fuel pollution and global warming, sea levels will rise even more.” says geologist Richard Alley.

But even Alley admits that a polar meltdown would take time. The ice in Antarctica and Arctic locks up nearly nine times the volume of water contained in all the world’s rivers and lakes. These are such big “ice cubes” and it would probably take thousands of years to melt them.

Another scientist Charles Bentley doesn’t think a meltdown will happen at all. “Even if warmer temperatures begin to melt polar-ice,” he says, “the excess moisture would most likely be redeposit as snow.” In other words, the melted ice would evaporate into the atmosphere, refreeze, and fall as rain and snow over the Poles.

What consequence of global warming is mentioned in the passage?

A. More tropical storms.       B. More tropical diseases.

C. Changes in farm productivity.   D. Coastal flooding.

Which of the following statements does the second paragraph support?

A. CO2 in the atmosphere cannot keep the heat from escaping into space.

B. The increase of CO2 gas may warm the planet and help to melt polar ice.

C. Cutting down trees helps to greatly reduce CO2 levels.

D. The end of the short-lived age of fossil fuels is already in sight.

Geologist Richard Alley most likely agrees that _______.

A. the sea-level rise can be prevented by cutting back on energy-consuming activities

B. the recent breaking off of ice blocks from Antarctica is just a natural part of a long-term cycle

C. Antarctica temperatures have significantly changed since the Industrial Revolution

D. the polar meltdown may be an accidental change of climate rather than a sign of global warming

Charles Bentley believes that a polar meltdown will not occur because _______.

A. governments around the world are beginning to reduce CO2 levels in the air

B. a melting of the polar ice cannot be achieved with the present technologies

C. the melted ice in the polar areas would change into snow and rain over the Poles

D. the sun’s heat would have no chance of being absorbed by the polar ice

In which paragraph does the author mention the immense quantities of polar ice?

A. In the second paragraph.   B. In the third paragraph.

C. In the fourth paragraph.    D. In the fifth paragraph.

【小题1】D

【小题2】B

【小题3】A

【小题4】C

【小题5】C


解析:

本文就极地冰雪融化的事实进行了探讨,主要说明了极地冰雪融化的原因及危害,文章最后一段也简述了极地冰雪融化不会对地球产生影响。

【小题1】 D。细节题。全球气温升高造成的后果是:从 Floods would cover low-lying regions and turn coastal cities…可知答案选D。

【小题2】B。概括题。第2段主要讲了一些人为的活动(如CO2 增加)会导致气温的升高,故可知答案为B。

【小题3】 A。推理题。从 If nothing is done to reduce fossil-fuel pollution and global warming, sea levels will rise even more(如果不采取措施减少污染的话,全球气温升高会导致海平面上升)也就是说如果减少一些能源消耗可能对海平面上升有所抑制,故答案选A。

【小题4】C。细节题。从 the melted ice would evaporate into the atmosphere, refreeze, and fall as rain and snow over the Poles可知答案选C。

【小题5】C。判断题。从第4段 The ice in Antarctica and Arctic locks up nearly nine times the volume of water contained in all the world’s rivers and lakes. These are such big “ice cubes” 可知答案为C。

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阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。

  Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water.To he human is to think.But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it.Tbinking about thinking is the key to critical(判断性的)thinking.When you think critically,you take control of your thinking processes(过程).Otherwise,you might be controlled by the ideas of others.Indeed,critical thinking is at the heart of education.

  The word“critical”here has a special meaning.It does not mean taking one view a-gainst another view,as when someone criticizes another person for doing something wrong.The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen-be-yond the pictures on TV,the untrue reports in the newspapers,and the faulty reasoning.

  Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity.If you are curious about life and desire to dig deeper into it,you are a critical thinker.If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas,characters,and facts,you are a critical thinker.

  Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning are processes of deep and careful consideration.They take time,and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in to-day's world:fast foods,instant coffee,and self-developing film.If you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure of intelligence(智力),you may learn some-thing new from a story about Albert Einstein.The first time Banesh Hoffman,a scien-tist,was to discuss his work with Albert Einstein,Hoffman was too nervous to speak.But Einstein immediatelyput Hoffman at ease by saying,“Please go slowly.I don't understand things quickly.”

(1)

Critical thinking is important to us because if we do not think critically,________

[  ]

A.

it will be hard for us to think naturally and fast

B.

we might be controlled by other people's ideas

C.

we will follow the ideas of others naturally

D.

we might be fooled by other people's ideas

(2)

If you are a critical thinker,you will ________

[  ]

A.

think deeply about different ideas

B.

trust the reports in the newspapers

C.

take one view against another view

D.

criticize other people for their mistakes

(3)

In the last paragraph,“something new”suggests that ________

[  ]

A.

the smarter you are,the faster you do things

B.

the faster you do things,the smarter you become

C.

speed can improve intelligence

D.

intelligence is not decided by speed

(4)

What would be the best title for the passage?

[  ]

A.

Thinking and Critical Thinking

B.

Understanding Critical Thinking

C.

Thinking Is Natural and Human

D.

Thinking Fast Means Intelligence

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