题目内容

Why are we addicted to upgrades? According to Donald Norman, American author of the book The Design of Everyday Things, “planned obsolescence”(计划性报废) is the trick behind the upgrading culture of today’s consumer electronics industry.
The New York Times cited Norman last month, saying that electronics manufactures strategically release new upgrades periodically, both for hardware and software, so that customers on every level feel the need to buy the newest version.
“This is an old-time trick– they’re not inventing anything new,” he said.
Thomas Wensma, a Dutch designer, despises the “planned obsolescence” of companies, as recently reported by UK-based The Guardian.
Wensma said this is a wasteful system through which companies – many of them producing personal electronics – release shoddy products simply because “they know that, in six months or a year, they’ll put out a new one”.
But the new psychology of consumers is part of this system, as Wensma said to the newspaper: “We now want something new, something pretty, the next shiny thing.”
____________________
“It’s to the damage of the consumer and the environment,” as the New York Times quoted Norman. “But perhaps to the betterment of the stockholder.”
In its most recent fiscal(财务的) year, Apple’s profit margin was more than 21 percent, reported the Los Angeles Times. At Hewlett-Packard, the world’s biggest PC manufacturer, it was only 7 percent.
“Steven Jobs pushed the principle of ‘planned obsolescence’ to new heights,” the newspaper commented on the company’s profits and marketing strategy. “Apple’s annual upgrades of its products generate sales of millions of units as owners of one year’s MacBook or iPhone line up to buy the newest version, even when the changes are incremental.”
Peer pressure
As to Li Jijia, the need for upgrading his smart phone comes mainly from friends and classmates. When the majority of friends are switching to the latest devices, he worries about feeling left out.
“Some apps and games require better hardware to run,” said Li. “If you don’t join in, you lose part of the connection to your friends.”

  1. 1.

    Donald Norman believes that electronics makers strategically release new upgrades periodically because __________

    1. A.
      customers need the latest version
    2. B.
      technology is developing so fast
    3. C.
      they want to invent something new
    4. D.
      they can make a lot of money
  2. 2.

    Thomas Wensma’s attitude to the “planned obsolescence” is __________

    1. A.
      positive
    2. B.
      negative
    3. C.
      indifferent
    4. D.
      neutral
  3. 3.

    What subtitle can best fit into the blank in the text?

    1. A.
      Huge profits
    2. B.
      Apple’s principle
    3. C.
      Environmental damage
    4. D.
      Marketing strategy
  4. 4.

    The writer takes the example of Li Jijia to show that __________

    1. A.
      the new psychology of consumers is also to blame for the wasteful system
    2. B.
      young people are always fond of something new, pretty and shiny
    3. C.
      if you don’t upgrade your smart phone, you will lose contact with your friends
    4. D.
      needs of consumers help to promote the development of electronics industry
DBAA
试题分析:本文主要讲述的是现在在技术领域出现的更新的现象,文章分析了这种现象出现的根本原因还是利润。
1.D 推理题。根据文章第二段The New York Times cited Norman last month, saying that electronics manufactures strategically release new upgrades periodically, both for hardware and software, so that customers on every level feel the need to buy the newest version可知用户要购买这些新的更新,要花钱,也许经济上的要求是最根本的原因。故D正确。
2.B 推理题。根据Wensma said this is a wasteful system through which companies – many of them producing personal electronics – release shoddy products simply because “they know that, in six months or a year, they’ll put out a new one”.可知他认为这是一种浪费,故说明他是反对这一看法的,故B正确。
3.A 推理题。根据“We now want something new, something pretty, the next shiny thing.”
____________________
“It’s to the damage of the consumer and the environment,” as the New York Times quoted Norman. “But perhaps to the betterment of the stockholder.”可知这里是指利润才是最终的追求。经济利益才是这样做的目的,故A正确。
4.A 推理题。根据文章最后2段As to Li Jijia, the need for upgrading his smart phone comes mainly from friends and classmates. When the majority of friends are switching to the latest devices, he worries about feeling left out.
“Some apps and games require better hardware to run,” said Li. “If you don’t join in, you lose part of the connection to your friends.”
可知消费者这种追求最好的心理也是这一现象出现的原因。故A正确。
考点:考查经济类短文阅读
点评:本文主要讲述的是现在在技术领域出现的更新的现象。要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系,结合自己的生活常识和经验,再通过逻辑推理和判断,理解文章的言外之意,从而揭示文章的深层涵义。任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的,读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到,因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文,在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据,即:已知部分-推论的前提,从中推测出未知部分-推理的结论,切忌妄加评论,把自己的观点当成作者的观点。
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Preparing for a medical emergency involving your pet is always best accomplished before the event takes place. This series is designed to help guide you through the important decisions about first aid, as well as how and when to transport your pet quickly and safely to a veterinary hospital or emergency ability.

VeterinaryPartner.com has provided this complete reference book online for you to skim through, expanding your knowledge of dog and cat first aid;however, we encourage you to buy the book to keep in your home or car as a quick reference during an emergency.

This book is an emergency preparedness ready-reference for dogs and cats.Wise preventive measures, intelligent use of first aid principles, coupled with recognition of abnormal symptoms and treatment of disorders, diseases, and problems, lead to effective health care.

A working knowledge of this information will help you get rid of some potentially dangerous circumstances and help you prepare for emergency situations.

It includes information on what to do and what not to do in specific emergency situations.The authors encourage careful reading and occasional rereading.We have tried to make this book easy to understand, avoiding technical terms as often as possible, but defining(下定义)them in context when they are necessary.

What does the underlined word “veterinary” in paragraph 1 mean?

A.Immediate    B.For animals    C.Urgent   D.For humans

Why are we advised to buy the book?

A.Because it's very cheap and may be useful to all the people.

B.Because it contains a working knowledge of information about dogs and cats.

C.Because it contains information on specific emergency situations.

D.Because it is convenient to know things dealing with dog or cat in an emergency.

Which is NOT true about the book?

A.It can enlarge the readers' knowledge of dog and cat first aid.

B.It contains the knowledge of recognition of abnormal symptoms of dogs and cats.

C.Although it contains many technical terms, it is easy to understand.

D.You can read it on VetrinaryParmer.com free of charge.

What's the purpose of the passage?

A.To introduce a book.                B.To introduce a website.

C.To introduce a working knowledge.   D.To encourage careful reading.


C
Are you afraid of change? Whether it is you personally or the working/living environment around you that changes, change will happen, it’s one guarantee I can give you and if you want success you need to make changes too.
Throughout the history of mankind changes have happened and they will continue to do so until the end of time. I do not think I need give you a list of any of these events they are obvious to us all.
Where are you going with this Steve, I hear you saying to yourself, everyone knows that changes happen all the time and we as human beings adapt accordingly. Well, yes, I agree with you to a point, but in that case why are we all not living the life we want in the world we want?
Because some of us resist change, because we are afraid of the unknown factors that change may bring into our lives.
Stop resisting and the changes will happen automatically, that is what happened to me when I started using hypnosis(睡眠状态) and mediation (沉思)to help me come to terms with the changes I needed to make to get out of Going Nowhere Land. I honestly believe that if I had not lost my fear of change when I did that there is absolutely no way that I would be enjoying life and the success I am having as much as I do at this moment in time.
My intention is to carry on enjoying life to the full and to successfully help others to do the same and if that means making even more changes to my life, as it surely will, then bring them on and let’s get started.
It does not matter if you start off making small changes like getting up early so that you can share breakfast with your loved ones, take some exercise or meditating before going to work, start making those changes now. By getting into the habit of making changes, you will accept change into your life, you will begin to change more of your old habits into new and better ones and even enjoy the feeling that making those changes brings and the success that comes with them.
64. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. Are you afraid of change?        B. Changing for success.
C. Why do you resist change.         D. Change brings happiness.
65. The underlined phrase “come to terms with” in the fifth paragraph probably means “_______ “
A. reach an agreement with            B. fight against
C. accept something unpleasant         D. overcome the bad consequences of
66. From the fifth paragraph we can infer that ___________.
A. the author has never been afraid of changes in his life.
B. the author used to believe that changes happened automatically
C. the author is still not satisfied with his present situation
D. the author had experienced a period of frustration(挫折) in his life
67. In the last paragraph, the author intends to ________.
A. list the necessary changes we ought to make
B. advise us to make any necessary changes
C. explain what changes can bring
D. explain the progress of making changes

Why are we addicted to upgrades? According to Donald Norman, American author of the book The Design of Everyday Things, “planned obsolescence”(计划性报废) is the trick behind the upgrading culture of today’s consumer electronics industry.
The New York Times cited Norman last month, saying that electronics manufactures strategically release new upgrades periodically, both for hardware and software, so that customers on every level feel the need to buy the newest version.
“This is an old-time trick– they’re not inventing anything new,” he said.
Thomas Wensma, a Dutch designer, despises the “planned obsolescence” of companies, as recently reported by UK-based The Guardian.
Wensma said this is a wasteful system through which companies – many of them producing personal electronics – release shoddy products simply because “they know that, in six months or a year, they’ll put out a new one”.
But the new psychology of consumers is part of this system, as Wensma said to the newspaper: “We now want something new, something pretty, the next shiny thing.”
____________________
“It’s to the damage of the consumer and the environment,” as the New York Times quoted Norman. “But perhaps to the betterment of the stockholder.”
In its most recent fiscal(财务的) year, Apple’s profit margin was more than 21 percent, reported the Los Angeles Times. At Hewlett-Packard, the world’s biggest PC manufacturer, it was only 7 percent.
“Steven Jobs pushed the principle of ‘planned obsolescence’ to new heights,” the newspaper commented on the company’s profits and marketing strategy. “Apple’s annual upgrades of its products generate sales of millions of units as owners of one year’s MacBook or iPhone line up to buy the newest version, even when the changes are incremental.”
Peer pressure
As to Li Jijia, the need for upgrading his smart phone comes mainly from friends and classmates. When the majority of friends are switching to the latest devices, he worries about feeling left out.
“Some apps and games require better hardware to run,” said Li. “If you don’t join in, you lose part of the connection to your friends.”
【小题1】Donald Norman believes that electronics makers strategically release new upgrades periodically because __________.

A.customers need the latest versionB.technology is developing so fast
C.they want to invent something newD.they can make a lot of money
【小题2】Thomas Wensma’s attitude to the “planned obsolescence” is __________.
A.positiveB.negativeC.indifferentD.neutral
【小题3】What subtitle can best fit into the blank in the text?
A.Huge profitsB.Apple’s principle
C.Environmental damageD.Marketing strategy
【小题4】The writer takes the example of Li Jijia to show that __________.
A.the new psychology of consumers is also to blame for the wasteful system
B.young people are always fond of something new, pretty and shiny
C.if you don’t upgrade your smart phone, you will lose contact with your friends
D.needs of consumers help to promote the development of electronics industry

Preparing for a medical emergency involving your pet is always best accomplished before the event takes place. This series is designed to help guide you through the important decisions about first aid, as well as how and when to transport your pet quickly and safely to a veterinary hospital or emergency ability.
VeterinaryPartner.com has provided this complete reference book online for you to skim through, expanding your knowledge of dog and cat first aid;however, we encourage you to buy the book to keep in your home or car as a quick reference during an emergency.
This book is an emergency preparedness ready-reference for dogs and cats.Wise preventive measures, intelligent use of first aid principles, coupled with recognition of abnormal symptoms and treatment of disorders, diseases, and problems, lead to effective health care.
A working knowledge of this information will help you get rid of some potentially dangerous circumstances and help you prepare for emergency situations.
It includes information on what to do and what not to do in specific emergency situations.The authors encourage careful reading and occasional rereading.We have tried to make this book easy to understand, avoiding technical terms as often as possible, but defining(下定义)them in context when they are necessary.
【小题1】What does the underlined word “veterinary” in paragraph 1 mean?

A.ImmediateB.For animalsC.UrgentD.For humans
【小题2】Why are we advised to buy the book?
A.Because it's very cheap and may be useful to all the people.
B.Because it contains a working knowledge of information about dogs and cats.
C.Because it contains information on specific emergency situations.
D.Because it is convenient to know things dealing with dog or cat in an emergency.
【小题3】Which is NOT true about the book?
A.It can enlarge the readers' knowledge of dog and cat first aid.
B.It contains the knowledge of recognition of abnormal symptoms of dogs and cats.
C.Although it contains many technical terms, it is easy to understand.
D.You can read it on VetrinaryParmer.com free of charge.
【小题4】What's the purpose of the passage?
A.To introduce a book.B.To introduce a website.
C.To introduce a working knowledge.D.To encourage careful reading.

One day, Mr. Arnold was teaching a lesson, and things were going as normally as ever. He was explaining the story of mankind to his pupils. He told them that, in the beginning, men were nomads; they never stayed in the same place for very long. Instead, they would travel about, here and there, in search of food, wherever it was to be found. And when the food ran out, they would move off somewhere else.

He taught them about the invention of farming and keeping animals. This was an important discovery, because by learning to cultivate(耕作)the land, and care for animals, mankind would always have food steadily available. It also meant that people could remain living in one place, and this made it easier to set about tasks that would take a long while to complete, like building towns, cities, and all that were in them. All the children were listening attracted by this story, until Lucy jumped up:

“And if that was so important and improved everything so much, why are we nomads all over again, Mr. Arnold?”

Mr. Arnold didn’t know what to say. Lucy was a very intelligent girl. He knew that she lived with her parents in a house, so she must know that her family were not nomads; so what did she mean?

“We have all become nomads again,” continued Lucy, “The other day, outside the city, they were cutting the forest down. A while ago a fisherman told me how they fish. It’s the same with everyone: when there’s no more forest left the foresters go elsewhere, and when the fish run out the fishermen move on. That’s what the nomads did, isn’t it ?

The teacher nodded, thoughtfully. Really, Lucy was right Mankind had turned into nomads. Instead of looking after the land in a way that we could be sure it would keep supplying our needs, we kept developing it until the land was bare. And then off we would go to the next place! The class spent the rest of the afternoon talking about what they could do to show how to be more civilized.

The next day everyone attended class wearing a green T-shirt, with a message that said “I am not a nomad!

And , from then on, they set about showing that indeed they were not. Every time they knew they needed something, they made sure that they would get it using care and control. If they needed wood or paper, they would make sure that they got the recycled kind. They ordered their fish from fish farms, making sure that the fish they received were not too young and too small. They only used animals that were well cared for, and brought up on farms.

And so, from their little town, those children managed to give up being nomads again, just as prehistoric men had done, so many thousands of years ago.

1.From Paragraph 2, we can know that______ .

A.people got tired of living in the same place

B.people gradually got used to living in cities

C.people tended to settle down after learning farming

D.people spent a long time in learning to keep animals

2.In the teacher’s opinion, Lucy’s argument was______

A.shocking          B.ridiculous         C.puzzling           D.reasonable

3.Which of the following agrees with the message “I am not a nomad” (Paragraph 7)?

A.People eat young fish for its delicious taste.

B.Foresters leave the place where wood is not available.

C.Fishermen move elsewhere when there is no fish left.

D.People use recycled materials as much as possible.

4.The writer tries to make us believe that ______.

A.mankind has been progressing mainly through traveling about

B.it’s unwise for mankind to use the land in an uncontrolled way

C.it’s quite good for students to learn more about the history of mankind

D.in the beginning men were nomads.

 

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