What would you do if you were lost in the dark forest at night? The first sensible lesson is that you shouldn’t bother trying to find your way in the dark at all, but just stay where you are until dawn. Because then you won’t trip over things? No, mainly because you’ll have an idea of direction. The sun rises in the east. But you will be amazed at how many people forget they know that. Apparently, the area underneath a holly bush provides a good makeshift shelter — they are thick, and evergreen. The next thing to do — or rather not to do — is panic, for the obvious reason that unless there is someone there to hear you scream, it will get you nowhere. Just try to think of nice, happy things.

There is always a point in films when a person who is lost in the desert or the snow, dehydrated (脱水的) and exhausted, comes across a set of their own footprints and realizes they have just walked in a huge, round circle. It is wrong to owe it to the unequal strengths or different lengths of your legs. Experiments prove that, without the sun or the moon (or landmarks) as a fixed guide, lots of small errors add up over time so the brain can’t correctly identify the “straight ahead” direction. To just get out of somewhere, pick a spot on the horizon and just head for it.

There are several ways to find directions in the dark, and by far the best is to establish north using the stars. Most people can identify the Plough, which is part of Ursa Major. It looks a lot like a saucepan. The Plough rotates(旋转)through the sky, but let’s imagine the saucepan lying horizontally (水平地), with its handle on the left. You need to trace a line from the star at the right-hand base of the pan, through the star at the right-hand rim (边沿), and follow it upwards; the north star is roughly five times the distance between those two “pointer” stars. Then drop a vertical line from the North Star to the horizon and that’s north.

“Tonight is very cloudy and I can’t see the Plough.” Maybe luckily, it is quite windy. Keep in mind that almost all of our weather comes from a south-westerly direction. (This only works if you are in the British Isles). To find the direction, you can throw light bits of dried-out grass in the air and see which way they blow; or, if there are clouds and patches of clear sky, see which way they blow across the stars. You can also get an idea of direction from leggy plants. If they look as if they have been blown over, they will probably be pointing north-east. If they are simply leaning in one direction as they grow, there’s a good chance that is south (they will be reaching towards the sun). The last thing to do is to judge your direction and off you go.

What might be the best title of the passage?

A. How to survive in the forest

B. How to protect yourself in the forest

C. How to direct your way out of the wild

D. What to do if you are lost

Which of the following pictures matches the description of the position of the north star?

Why will people often walk in a circle if they are lost in the desert or the snow?

A. Because without anything to refer to for directions, the brain will be confused by errors.

B. Because one of the legs is longer and stronger than the other.

C. Because the desert or the snow usually covers a large area for people to get across.

D. Because people usually feel dehydrated and exhausted in the desert or the snow.

If you were lost in Taklimakan Desert in China, _________ would NOT be dependable for you to identify the directions.

A. the sun           B. the North Star        C. wind         D. the moon

It was a rather hot day. Everybody seemed to be looking for some kind of relief, so an ice cream store was a natural place to stop at.

A little girl, holding her money firmly, entered the store. Before she could say a word, the store clerk sharply told her to get outside and read the sign on the door, and stay out until she put on the shoes. She left slowly, and a big man followed her out of the store.

The man watched as she stood in front of the store and read the sign. “No Bare (赤裸) Feet”.

Tears started rolling down her cheeks as she turned and walked away. Just then the big man called to her. After sitting down on the roadside, he took off his size-12 shoes, set them in front of the girl and saying, “Here, you won’t be able to walk in these, but if you slide (拖) along, you can get your ice cream.”

Then he lifted the little girl up and set her feet into the shoes. “Take your time,” he said, “I get tired of moving them around, and it’s good to just sit here and eat my ice cream.”

The shining eyes of the little girl could not be missed as she ordered her ice cream.

He was a big man, all right. Big body, big shoes, but most of all, he had a big heart.

1.The little girl wasn’t allowed to enter the store because ______.

A. she was dirty           B. she had no money

C. the store was closed      D. she had no shoes on

2.What happened to the little girl in the end?

A. The big man bought an ice cream for her.

B. The store clerk took an ice cream out to her.

C. She got her ice cream with the big man’s shoes.

D. She left the store without getting her ice cream.

3.From the story we can conclude (得出结论)that the big man is ______.

A. kind     B. funny     C. honest     D. hard-working

 

Notice

Dear Degree-doing International Students,

According to the University’s regulations governing the Curriculums (课程) of General Education, the curriculum-choosing procedures (程序) are as follows:

Who

All degree-doing international students are required to choose the curriculums related to Chinese Language and Culture. Refer to Item 3 for different arrangements for undergraduate students (本科生) ,master and doctor students.

What curriculum to choose

You are required to choose two curriculums related to Chinese Language and Culture that suit your own level and program. The curriculum consists of Elementary Chinese, Intermediate (中级的)Chinese, and Chinese Culture (Taught in Chinese and English ). Please refer to Attachment 1 for details.

How many credits

You are required to complete 6 credits for each curriculum within a term.

When and How

A. Undergraduate students: you are required to complete the curriculum selection process (The system will be reopened next week) by 5:00 p.m. on June 22, 2013. About how to choose the courses, you can refer to Attachment 2 (It is in Chinese; turn to your Chinese friends or teachers for help if you cannot follow the procedures of the attachment) for the instructions.

B. Master and Doctor Students: you won’t have to complete the curriculum selection until early September; please wait for further notice on the arrangement.

Your cooperation will be highly appreciated.

Attachment 1: Chinese Language & Culture for International Students

Attachment 2: Handbook for Curriculum Selection

School of International Education

Chongqing University

June 13, 2013

1.This notice is mainly about _______.

A.course selection                        B.how to study elective courses

C.regulations of learning Chinese             D.Learning arrangements for elective courses

2.The courses which can be chosen don’t include _______.

A.Chinese Culture                        B.Advanced Chinese

C.Elementary Chinese                     D.Intermediate Chinese

3.According to the arrangement, who must finish choosing curriculums in June?

A.Doctor students                        B.Master students

C.Undergraduate students                  D.International students

4.You can learn the instructions in the course selection from_______.

A.your friends       B.your teachers      C.Attachment One    D.Attachment Two

 

It is easy to find your way about in New York. It is laid out so regularly. Instead of streets winding and twisting (迂回) as they do in London, they are all regular and well planned. The streets running north and south are called “avenues” and are numbered, e.g. 1st Avenue, 2nd Avenue, etc. The streets going east and west are called “streets” and are also numbered, e.g. 51st Street, 63rd Street. It is all much more logical (合理的) than London’s street names. But I couldn’t help thinking how much more interesting than these dull cold numbers are London’s illogical but colorful names of streets, e.g. “Bishopgate” (which is not a gate and hasn’t a Bishop in it); “Haymarket” or “Corn market” (where you won’t see any hey or corn) or “Poultry” (without a living chicken anywhere in sight) or “Thread needle Street” (where you won’t find little girls learning to sew).

1.In the second sentence of the passage, “laid out” means ______.

A.built             B.be put            C.designed          D.cut down

2.The streets running from north to south are called _______.

A.avenues in London                      B.streets in America

C.avenues in New York                     D.streets in London

3.According to the writer’s opinion, ______.

A.avenues and streets are the same

B.streets in America are better than avenues in England

C.streets in New York are better than those in London

D.the writer didn’t agree with the London streets planners

4.The names of streets both in London and New York ______.

A.are quite good                         B.are interesting

C.are not practical                        D.differ greatly in form

5.The writer tells his readers that he prefers (更喜欢) _____.

A.London streets                         B.New York streets

C.both                                 D.neither

 

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