题目内容

Prince Charles yesterday promised to reduce the royal impact on the environment through sweeping changes to his personal lifestyle and official schedule. The prince will replace carbon-heavy private jets and helicopters with scheduled flights and train services.
The move came as Prince Charles urged business leaders to publish the environmental pact(条款、协议) of their activities.
He said, “Few accountants and business decision-makers ask, ‘How much of our critical natural resource is left? How many miles of polar ice cap has our business helped melt this year? By how many inches have we raised sea levels? How many species have we put at risk? How many homes will be flooded, how many people will die of thirst or starvation because of our activities? ’ These are not comfortable questions, but, by God, they need to be asked.”
He added, “At the moment these costs do not appear in anyone’s books… Yet they are real, they are incurred now and in a relatively short time, the damage being caused may be beyond remedy.” He said the world was “running up the biggest global credit card debt in history, but with little or no thought for how the bill will ever be paid”.
Flanked by the prime minister and business and community leaders at St James’ Palace, the prince said his new “accounting for sustainability” project would give consumers the power to choose products that caused less damage to the planet.
Duchy Originals, the prince’s food company, is taking steps to work out how much carbon dioxide and other green-house gas are emitted in growing, processing and distributing its products. The changes to the prince’s travel arrangements announced yesterday are part of a wider review of the carbon footprint associated with activities at all three of his residences. Clarence House in London, Highgrove and Birkhall on the Balmorals estate, as well as the activities of his 21 personal and 105 full-time staff. Measures include a review of electricity use, commuter and other staff travel and are intended to identify further reductions in carbon dioxide emissions. The review will report in June , when Clarence House will announce annual targets to reduce carbon emission.

  1. 1.

    How does Prince Charles feel about business leaders in terms of environmental protection?

    1. A.
      Dissatisfied.
    2. B.
      Disappointed.
    3. C.
      Doubtful.
    4. D.
      Impatient.
  2. 2.

    In response to Prince Charles’ calls, Duchy Originals will ______.

    1. A.
      make as much green food as possible
    2. B.
      cut down its cost
    3. C.
      figure out its greenhouse gas emission
    4. D.
      continue its greenhouse gas emission
  3. 3.

    The underlined phrase in paragraph 4 probably refers to ______.

    1. A.
      the great amount of waste produced by industry
    2. B.
      the high cost of industry in their producing process
    3. C.
      the great amount of debts of the royal family
    4. D.
      the great damage caused to the environment
  4. 4.

    What would be the best title for the passage?

    1. A.
      Prince Charles promised Greener Royal Lifestyle
    2. B.
      Better Late than Never
    3. C.
      Prince Charles and His Concern for Environment
    4. D.
      The Royal Family Has a Role to Play in Environment Protection
BCDA
 
1.B推理判断题。结合文章第二段可知查尔斯王子对商界一连串的质问可知他的失望。
2.C细节理解题。结合文章第6段Duchy Originals, the prince’s food company, is taking steps to work out how much carbon dioxide and other green-house gas are emitted in growing, processing and distributing its products可知quantify是动词，意为“量化”，同C项中的figure out（计算出）意思接近，因此C项正确。
3.D词义猜测题。根据语境判断，此处短语指的是我们对环境的破坏，查尔斯王子形象地把它比喻成我们“对地球最大的欠账”。
4.A标题概括题。文章介绍英国的查尔斯王子准备为环保事业身体力行，改变自己的生活方式，减少了温室气体的排放，因此A项最能体现文章的中心。B项是“亡羊补牢，为时未晚”的意思，文中有一定的信息，但并不是全文的中心；C项仅仅体现出“关心”，而没有体现行动；D项指的是整个王室，而没有紧扣查尔斯王子的行为。
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The word “conservation” has a thrifty meaning. To conserve is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such a good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials: most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and could “last forever”. Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.
Fifty years ago, nature study was not part of school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; wood was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-term climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation” had nothing of the meaning that it has for us today.
For the sake of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about correcting the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should be made part of everybody’s daily life. To know about the water table (水位) in ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic math formulas(公式). We need to know why all watersheds (上游集水区) need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to give their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big, grown trees, because living space for most of man’s fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic（立方体的） volume above the earth. In a word, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can

  1. 1.

    The author’s attitude towards the use of natural resources is_________

    1. A.
      positive
    2. B.
      uninterested
    3. C.
      optimistic
    4. D.
      critical
  2. 2.

    According to the author, the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that________

    1. A.
      they had no idea about scientific forestry
    2. B.
      they had little or no sense of environmental protection
    3. C.
      they were not aware of the importance of nature study
    4. D.
      they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials
  3. 3.

    To avoid repeating the mistakes of our forefathers, the author suggests that ________

    1. A.
      we plant more trees
    2. B.
      natural sciences be taught to everybody
    3. C.
      environmental education be given to everybody
    4. D.
      we return to nature
  4. 4.

    How can you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?

    1. A.
      Our living space on the earth is getting smaller and smaller
    2. B.
      Our living space should be measured in cubic volume
    3. C.
      We need to take some measures to protect space
    4. D.
      We must preserve good living condition for both birds and animals

When I was a kid, I used to spend hours listening to Adam Carolla and Dr. Drew Pinsky on their Sunday night radio show Loveline. I listened so often that I began to use one of their well-known phrases—“good times”—in my daily conversations. Scientists have a name for this phenomenon: behavioral mimicry.
You’ve probably experienced this before: after spending enough time with another person, you might start to pick up on his or her behavior or speech habits. You might even start to develop your friend’s habits without realizing it. There is a large body of literature concerning this sort of phenomenon, and it regularly happens for everything from body postures to accents to drink patterns. For example, one study found that young adults were more likely to drink their drink directly after their same-sex drinking partners, than for the two individuals to drink at their own paces.
And the effect isn’t limited to real-life face-to-face activities. Another study found that the same you-drink-then-I-drink pattern held even when watching a movie! In other words, people were more likely to take a drink of their drinks in a theater after watching the actors on the screen enjoy a drink. At least I don’t feel so strange anymore, having picked up on Adam Carolla’s “good times”.
New research published today in the journal PLOS ONE indicates that the same sort of behavioral mimicry is responsible for social eating, at least among university-age women of normal weight. That’s right: the young women were more likely to adjust their eating according to the eating pace of their same-sex dining companion.
As with most experiments, these results raise a whole new set of questions. Still, the finding that behavioral mimicry may at least partly account for eating behavior is important, and has real effects on health. The researchers note that “as long as people don’t fully recognize such important influences on intake, it will be difficult to make healthy food choices and keep a healthy diet, especially when people are exposed to the eating behavior of others”.

  1. 1.

    The author takes his own example of using “good times” to _________.

    1. A.
      express his love for radio shows
    2. B.
      prove the popularity of the show
    3. C.
      show the influence of the hosts’ words
    4. D.
      introduce the topic of the passage
  2. 2.

    The underlined word “mimicry” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _________.

    1. A.
      copying
    2. B.
      adjusting
    3. C.
      recognition
    4. D.
      observation
  3. 3.

    Which of the following is NOT an example of behavioral mimicry?

    1. A.
      A boy eats his popcorn after watching the actor eat.
    2. B.
      A boy buys a Nike shirt when he finds his desk-mate has one.
    3. C.
      A girl unconsciously sits straight just as others do.
    4. D.
      A girl takes on the Yorkshire accent after a month’s stay.
  4. 4.

    It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _________.

    1. A.
      behavioral mimicry is beneficial to our health
    2. B.
      behavioral mimicry decides our eating behavior
    3. C.
      there are doubts on the research results
    4. D.
      there are people always exposed to bad eating habits
  5. 5.

    What is probably the author’s purpose of writing this passage?

    1. A.
      To draw readers’ attention to popular radio shows.
    2. B.
      To introduce behavioral mimicry and its influence.
    3. C.
      To appeal to readers not to fall into others’ habits.
    4. D.
      To advocate healthy food choices among readers.

Parking has long been a major headache for drivers in Shanghai. The Transportation Department is mapping out a new plan for the city’s parking system. There are one million cars on the road in Shanghai but only enough public parking space to provide room for 15 percent of these vehicles(交通工具). It is no wonder that local drivers get so worried trying to find a place to park.
The city is seeing a rise in private car owners. In March, the city sent out 2,000 private car licenses, the highest number of licenses ever sent out in a month. And prices rose to 14,600 yuan, 500 more than in February. Industry experts say this suggests that local people have a strong, active interest in buying cars.
By the year 2020, the number of automobiles in Shanghai will probably reach two million. If one parking lot is for each car, then a lot of parking space should be built for these vehicles.
Downtown Shanghai is most short of parking space. However, experts point out that simply building more parking lots in downtown areas is not practical and doesn’t provide an ideal solution. The idea of “ Park & Ride” system has been suggested. This means that drivers can leave their vehicles in car parks nearby subway or bus stations and ride public transport to go downtown. Based on this idea, the city will limit the number of parking lots in downtown areas and demand higher parking fees but build more parking areas near main subway and bus stops

  1. 1.

    The underlined phrase “mapping out” in the first paragraph means __________

    1. A.
      making
    2. B.
      arguing
    3. C.
      demanding
    4. D.
      requesting
  2. 2.

    About __________ drivers can find places to park their cars in Shanghai now

    1. A.
      850,000
    2. B.
      1,000,000
    3. C.
      150,000
    4. D.
      2,000,000
  3. 3.

    What can we infer from the second paragraph?

    1. A.
      The city sent out more private licenses in February
    2. B.
      Less and less people bought cars in March
    3. C.
      The city sent out less private licenses in March
    4. D.
      More and more people are going to buy cars
  4. 4.

    According to the idea of a “ Park & Ride ” system, the city will __________

    1. A.
      send out more private car licenses
    2. B.
      build more parking lots near bus stops
    3. C.
      encourage people to buy more cars
    4. D.
      build more parking areas downtown

Last night I had the best gift ever.
My older son was reading a detective novel while my younger son was reading fairy tales. They were each in different rooms, engrossed in their books with no TV, music or anything else distracting (使分心) their attention.
I read a lot during my childhood, curling (蜷缩) up in sofa or lying in bed. Like anyone else, I had lots of other interests, but once I discovered reading, I really enjoyed it. I read everything — books, magazines, newspapers, even the back of food packages if there was nothing else to read at the moment. I must thank my parents for their love of reading. Longing for more information and knowledge, my parents were always reading a lot.
Today’s children are provided with a variety of choices. It is so easy for them to become uninterested in reading and to view it as boring, uncool and unnecessary. There are TVs with astonishing choices of programs; there are MP3 players with thousands of songs at their fingertips; there are the Internet and mobile phones.
I’ve told my sons that reading comes with information, understanding and connection, each of which will help them at every stage in their lives now and forever. So when my sons were reading their books last night, I watched them, noticing them put a bookmark into their books. That’s the most amazing gift that I have ever received.

  1. 1.

    The best title for this passage is _____.

    1. A.
      My Two Sons
    2. B.
      An Amazing Gift
    3. C.
      My Favorite, Reading
    4. D.
      Let’s Read Together
  2. 2.

    The phrase “engrossed in” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “_____”.

    1. A.
      connected by
    2. B.
      separated by
    3. C.
      devoted to
    4. D.
      worried about
  3. 3.

    What does the author think of TVs, MP3 players, the Internet and mobile phones?

    1. A.
      They are boring, uncool and unnecessary.
    2. B.
      They are too expensive for a family to afford.
    3. C.
      They might distract children’s attention.
    4. D.
      They might enrich children’s lives and make them happy.
  4. 4.

    According to the passage, the author’s best gift is _____.

    1. A.
      her sons’ love for reading
    2. B.
      reading books alone
    3. C.
      bookmarks from her sons
    4. D.
      having a happy family

Researchers found that walking around with a forced smile and fake (假的) happiness simply leads to people feeling unhappier. So, putting a brave face on your sadness could be harmful. The research also found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy.
Dr. Brent Scott, who led the study, said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when dealing with the public can result in bad outcomes. He said, “Smiling for the sake of smiling can lead to emotional tiredness, and that’s bad for the organization.” He also said the research showed customer-service workers who had “fake smiles” throughout the day fell into a bad mood and didn’t want to work, so their productivity dropped.
The study is one of the first of its kind to examine emotional expressions over a period of time and compare the different effects on men and women. Dr. Scott’s team examined the effects of “surface acting”, or fake smiling, compared to “deep acting”, or making people smile by thinking of peasant memories.
Dr. Scott said, “Women were harmed more by surface acting, meaning their moods worsened even more than men’s. However, they were helped more by deep acting, which means their moods improved more by thinking of pleasant memories. ”
According to Dr. Scott, women tend to suffer more when pretending to be happy because they are expected to be more emotionally expressive than men. Therefore, forcing a smile while feeling down is more likely to go against their normal behavior and cause more harmful feelings.
Although deep acting can improve moods a little in the short term, Dr. Scott says, it’s not a long-term solution to feeling unhappy. “There have been some suggestions that if you do this over a long period you start to feel unreal. You’re trying to develop positive emotions, but at the end of the day you may not feel like yourself any more.”

  1. 1.

    According to the passage, Dr. Scott’s study ______.

    1. A.
      is supported by some big employers in the USA
    2. B.
      is meaningful as there haven’t been many similar ones
    3. C.
      examined more women than men for a long time
    4. D.
      aimed to make the employees more productive
  2. 2.

    Women suffer more from fake happiness mainly because ______.

    1. A.
      they usually turn up shy in public places
    2. B.
      they should be more emotionally expressive
    3. C.
      they are often treated in a terrible way
    4. D.
      they like thinking of pleasant memories
  3. 3.

    It is implied in the passage that deep acting _____.

    1. A.
      doesn’t have any effect on men
    2. B.
      cannot improve our moods in any case
    3. C.
      harms our feelings in the long run
    4. D.
      pleases people by feeling like another person
  4. 4.

    What is the best title for the passage?

    1. A.
      Fake smiling makes people unhappy.
    2. B.
      Women shouldn’t be forced to smile.
    3. C.
      An important suggestion for workers.
    4. D.
      Why people don’t want to work.

Not very long ago, a special family system(体系) existed in certain parts of South India. In the system, the actual head of a family unit was the mother’s eldest brother, though the mother also had an important position in the family. In families of this kind, a husband was actually no more than a visitor. He did not live with his wife, but with his own mother, brothers and sisters in another house. He saw his sons and daughters sometimes, but the man who actually fed and cared for them and acted as their father was their uncle--- their mother’s brother.
But this system, in which brothers and sisters take the place of the father, no longer exists in South India except in a few villages. Economic(经济的) changes have had far- reaching effect on family life. Family life began to change when men went out to work in factories and offices instead of working with their mothers, brothers, and sisters on the land. When a man went out to work, he had money of his own and could buy his own land and build his own family, instead of depending on his mother and his brothers. He wanted to be independent(独立的). This is an example of the way in which economic relations can have an effect on family relationships.

  1. 1.

    The best title of this passage is ______.

    1. A.
      Husband Actually Visitor in Family
    2. B.
      Family System in South India
    3. C.
      Wife Has Important Position in Family
    4. D.
      Economic Relations Affects Family Relationships
  2. 2.

    Who had the actual control of a family in South India not long ago?

    1. A.
      The mother.
    2. B.
      The mother’s eldest brother.
    3. C.
      The father.
    4. D.
      The father’s mother.
  3. 3.

    In this system, the husband lived together with______.

    1. A.
      his wife
    2. B.
      his sons and daughters
    3. C.
      his mother, brothers and sisters
    4. D.
      his wife’s brother
  4. 4.

    Now in South India there are__ of this system in which a husband has no control of his family.

    1. A.
      no families
    2. B.
      many more families
    3. C.
      very few families
    4. D.
      not any families

People consider the Western diet ________ unhealthy .


  1. A.
    as
  2. B.
    be
  3. C.
    to be
  4. D.
    being

On the high way, I caught sight of an accident in which a young man in black __________ Beside a damaged Ford．


  1. A.
    laid unconscious
  2. B.
    lay unconsciously
  3. C.
    lay unconscious
  4. D.
    lain unconsciously

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