56­year­old becomes 1st woman to swim Atlantic

(AP)-Jennifer Figge pressed her toes into the Caribbean sand, excited and exhausted as she touched land this week for the first time in almost a month. Reaching a beach in Trinidad, she became the first woman on record to swim across the Atlantic Ocean—a dream she'd had since the early 1960s,when a stormy trans­Atlantic (飞越大西洋) flight got her thinking she could wear a life vest and swim the rest of the way if needed.

The 56­year­old left the Cape Verde Islands off Africa's western coast on Jan.12,2009, swimming 19 out of 25 days battling waves of up to 30 feet.The distance from Cape Verde to Trinidad is about 700 miles.Crewmembers are still computing exactly how many miles she swam.

The original plan was for her to swim to the Bahamas—a distance of about 2,100 miles—but inclement (恶劣的) weather forced her to change her plans and she arrived at Trinidad on Feb.5.She now plans to swim from Trinidad to the British Virgin Islands,ending her voyage at the Bitter End Yacht Club in late February.

Her journey came a decade after French swimmer Benoit Lecomte made the first known solo trans­Atlantic swim,covering nearly 4,000 miles from Massachusetts to France in 73 days.No woman on record had made the crossing.

Figge wore a red cap and wet suit,with her only good­luck charm (护身符) underneath:an old,red shirt to guard against chafing (磨痛),signed by friends,relatives and her father,who recently died.The other cherished (珍惜) possession she kept onboard was a picture of Gertrude Ederle,an American who became the first woman to swim across the English Channel.“We have a few things in common,”Figge said,“She wore a red hat and she was of German descent (血统).We both talked to the sea,and neither one of us wanted to get out.”

1.When did Jennifer Figge want to swim across the Atlantic Ocean?

A.After she reached a beach in Trinidad.

B.After she pressed her toes into the Caribbean sand.

C.After her stormy trans­Atlantic flight in the early 1960s.

D.After her graduation from a university.

2.Jennifer Figge had to change her plans     .

A.because she wanted to shorten her voyage

B.because of bad weather conditions

C.because she wanted to end her voyage in late February

D.because she wanted to set a new world record

3.When did Benoit Lecomte probably make the first known solo trans­Atlantic swim?

A.In 1999.          B.In 1988.           C.In 1978 .          D.In 1968.

4.For what purpose did Jennifer Figge keep a photo of Gertrude Ederle?

A.Figge would like to follow her example.

B.She had the same red cap as Figge always wore.

C.Figge also wanted to swim across the English Channel.

D.They were both born in Germany.

 

Eating foods high in trans-fats(fats present in artificial form in industrially-produced cakes and fast food...) and saturated (饱和的) fats increases the risk of depression, according to a Spanish study, confirming previous studies that linked “junk food” with the disease. Researchers also showed that some products, such as olive oil, can fight against the risk of mental illness.

Authors of the wide-reaching study, from the universities of Navarra and Las Palmas, followed and analyzed the diet and lifestyle of over l2,000 volunteers over six years. When the study began, none of the participants had been diagnosed with depression; by the end, 657 of them were new sufferers.

“Participants with an increased consumption of trans-fats presented up to a 48 percent increase in the risk of depression when they were compared to participants who did not consume these fats,” the head study author said. “The more trans-fats were consumed, the greater harmful effect they produced in the volunteers.”

The research team found, at the same time, that after assessing the effect of polyunsaturated fats made up of larger amounts of fish and vegetable oils and olive oil, these products are associated with a lower risk of suffering depression.

The report, published in the online journal PLOS ONE, noted the research was performed on a European population that enjoys a relatively low intake of trans-fats—making up only 0.4 percent of the total energy taken in by the volunteers. “Despite this, we observed an increase in the risk of suffering depression of nearly 50 percent,” said researcher Miguel Martinez. “On this basis we think it of great importance to take this effect into account in countries like the United States, where the percentage of energy derived from these fats is around 2.5 percent.”

The report pointed out that the current number of depression sufferers in the world is around l50 million people, and has increased in recent years. This rise is attributable, according to the authors, “to great changes in the sources of fats consumed in Western diets, where we have replaced certain types of beneficial fats in nuts, vegetable oils and fish with the saturated and trans-fats found in meats, butter and other products such as mass-produced cakes and fast food.”

1.What's the best title of the text?

A.Junk Food and Depression                B.Depression Prevention

C.Types of Fats and Depression               D.Depression Research

2.Which of the following increases the risk of suffering depression?

A.Fish.             B.Vegetable oil.       C.Olive oil.          D.Butter.

3.The study tells us that         .

A.2.5% Americans suffer mental illness

B.l2,000 volunteers in Navarra took part

C.a minority of participants became new sufferers

D.l50 million Europeans enjoy a healthier lifestyle

4.The underlined word “derived” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to         .

A.obtained          B.chosen           C.separated         D.preserved

5.More and more Westerners are suffering depression because         .

A.they have less time for exercise

B.they eat more nuts, vegetable oils and fish

C.the sources of fats in their diets have changed

D.less meat, butter, and cakes are included in their diets

 

 

 

第Ⅱ卷(共35分)

1,3,5

 

第四部分:书面表达(共两节,满分35分)

第一节  阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

阅读下面短文,并根据要求完成文章后的题目。

You have no doubt heard people say how much they “ need” a holiday, when what they really mean is that they want one. Certainly, people working under pressure feel a very strong desire to escape from work and become less tight during their holidays, and experience a changed environment.

However, work for many people today is office work and mental, rather than physical tasks. These people may seek much more energy-taking activities while on holiday, rather than on a beach.

Once people become used to going holiday,  __________________________.  For many people, the holiday is one of the last things to be given up, and indeed many workers have chosen to spend some of their last pay when being on holiday. It may give them a “lift” in facing some difficulties in life.

Most of us enjoy showing off the lovely trans-dark skins we get from a holiday. So many tourists are now able to afford holidays in the sun that tans have become quite common; although we join a tan together with health, it has been fully shown that too much sunshine will result in high danger of skin problems, as well as drying out one’s skin and leading to more lines on your face later in life.

76.What’s the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.)

_______________________________________________________________________.

77.Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

Hard working people want a holiday very much to free from work and get relaxeD.

__________________________________________________________________________.

78.Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.( Please answer with in ten words.)

__________________________________________________________________________

79.Do you think holidays are good for you? Why? (Please answer within 30 words.)

__________________________________________________________________________

80.Translate the underlined sentence in the second paragraph into Chinese.

_____________________________________________________________________.

 

Marley is a businessman. His business is freezing people. He works for a company in California called Trans Time. Trans Time freezes people after they die. Why does Trans Time freeze people? Doctors today can cure many diseases, but they cannot cure all diseases. People still get sick and die. Maybe in the future doctors will have medicine for all diseases. Some people think so. They want Trans Time to freeze their bodies after they die. Maybe 100 or 200, or 300 years later, Trans Time doctors will bring the people back to life. The doctors will cure their diseases, and the people will be alive and healthy again.

People often ask the scientists at the Trans Time, “How will Trans Time bring dead people back to life?” They say, “We can freeze a healthy animal and bring it back to life. We think that someday it will be possible with human.” When they say “someday”, they mean years from now — maybe 100 or 200 years. How can Trans Time keep people frozen for 200 years?

After a person dies, workers at Trans Time cool the body with ice and chemicals. When the body is very cold, workers put the body into a capsule (密封舱). They fill the capsule with liquid nitrogen (液氮). The temperature in it is 196 degrees centigrade below zero. Every two weeks workers add more liquid nitrogen. The liquid nitrogen keeps the bodies frozen.

Trans Time charges $21,000 to freeze a body and $59,000 to keep a body frozen. That’s $80,000 all together. It is a lot of money. But some people think that $80,000 is a fair price. It’s a fair price for a chance to live again, isn’t it?

1.What kind of people does Trans Time serve? (No more than 2 words)

                                                                               

2.How much should one pay together, if he wants his body to be cooled and kept by Trans Time?

(No more than 2 words)

                                                                               

3.Why do people want to be frozen? (No more than 9 words)

                                                                               

4.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? (No more than 6 words)

                                                                             

 

Beginning in October, more than 13,000 McDonald’s (麦当劳)restaurants in America will use a new variety of cooking oil. McDonald' s aims to make its French fries (油炸食品) and other fried foods healthier.

The change will not affect the taste or the number of calories in the food. But by changing the cooking oil, McDonald’s says, it hopes to cut by nearly half the amount of trans fatty acids (转换脂肪酸) in French fries and reduce the amount of saturated fats(饱和脂肪) by 16 percent. Scientists believe that trans fatty acids and saturated fats raise cholesterol(胆固醇) levels and increase the risk of heart disease.

McDonald's new step is important because McDonald’s is an industry leader and other fast-food chains and food processors may follow the lead.

For McDonald's ,the action comes at a time when Americans are becoming more and more concerned about; obesity (肥胖) and are increasing pressure on food companies to offer healthy and nutritious (有营养的) food to consumers.

After three years of study, McDonald’s officials say they are switching oil that is lower in saturated fats and trans fatty acids. McDonald's says the change will not cause higher price for consumers.

Though there is some change, scientists say that the amount of trans fat in foods at McDonald's and at other fast-food companies is still important.

1.More than 13,000 McDonald's restaurants in America will use a new kind of cooking oil to ______________.

A.lower the costs of the products

B.maker its food taste hatter than ever before

C.cure (治愈) the heart disease

D.do good to the health of consumers

2.The underlined ward "switching" here has the same meaning as "   _______ ".

A.turning on

B.turning off

C.changing

D.studying

3.The main idea of the passage is    __________ .

A.McDonald's is a pioneer in food products

B.McDonald's is enlarging its restaurants in the world

C.fried foods can’t keep up with the development of modem society

D.McDonald’s is to use new cooking oil

4.When a new kind of cooking oil is used in McDonald’s,     ________ 

A.the prices of McDonald’s foods will be a tot higher

B.consumers will find the taste of McDonald’s foods different

C.many other food companies will do what McDonald's does

D.obesity will disappear in American society sooner or later

 

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