Question

What makes one person more intelligent than another? What makes one person a genius, like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool? Are people born intelligent or stupid, or is intelligence the result of where and how you live? These are very old questions and the answers to them are still not clear.
We know, however, that just being born with a good mind is not enough. In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise. Mental exercise is particularly important for young children. Many child psychologists (心理学家) think that parents should play with their children more often and give them problems to think about. The children are then more likely to grow up bright and intelligent. If, on the other hand, children are left alone a great deal with nothing to do, they are more likely to become dull and unintelligent.
Parents should also be careful with what they say to young children. According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot, then the child is more likely to keep doing silly and foolish things. So it is probably better for parents to say very positive things to their children, such as “That was a very clever thing you did.” or “You are such a smart child.”
【小题1】The words “intelligent” and “brilliant” in the first paragraph probably mean _______ while “dull” in the second paragraph means ________.

A．bright and splendid; slow in thinking and understanding

B．pretty and handsome; ordinary-looking

C．great and important; common

D．hopeful and helpful; careless

【小题2】According to the context we can guess that a genius is ________ while an idiot is ________.

A．a normal person; a funny person

B．a strong person; a weak person

C．a highly intelligent person; a foolish or weak-minded person

D．a famous person; an ordinary person

【小题3】 A person ________ is more likely to become a genius.

A．whose parents are clever

B．often thinking about difficult problems

C．often helped by his parents and teachers

D．born with a good brain and putting it into active use

【小题4】 It is better for parents ________.

A．to praise and encourage their children more often

B．to be hard on their children

C．to leave their children alone with nothing to do

D．to give their children as much help as possible

【小题5】Which of the following is NOT true according to the article?

A．Parents play an important part in their children’s growth.

B．The less you use your mind the duller you may become.

C．Intelligence is obviously the result of where and how you live.

D．What makes a person bright or stupid is still under discussion.

Answer 1

【小题1】A
【小题1】C
【小题1】D
【小题1】A
【小题1】C

解析【小题1】A 词汇题。解答词汇题最常用的方法之一就是利用对比关系，What makes one person a genius，like the brilliant Albert Einstein，and another person a fool? genius的含义和fool相反，自然可以推测出brilliant的含义；Are people born intelligent or stupid? Intelligent的意思和stupid含义相反。dull出现在….on the other hand…dull and unintelligent中，dull表示不聪明。答案为A选项。
【小题1】C 词汇题 ... that makes one person a genius like the brilliant Albert Einstein, and another person a fool?和fool相反的意思即为genius的含义，According to some psychologists, if parents are always telling a child that he or she is a fool or an idiot….. 很明显，idiot和fool意思相似，C选项“非常聪明的人”和“愚蠢的人”正确。A选项是“正常的人”和“有趣的人”；B选项“身体强壮的人”和“身体虚弱的人”；D选项“名人”和“普通人”。
【小题1】D 信息题。对文章细节的推断，什么样的人最有可能成为天才？A选项“父母都是聪明的人”、B选项“总是思考一些难题”以及C选项“经常得到老师和父母的帮助”都比较片面；只有D选项“天资聪颖并能够常常动脑的人”符合原文In some ways, the mind is like a leg or an arm muscle. It needs exercise“从某种意义上讲，思维就像腿部或胳膊的肌肉一样，需要锻炼。”全面的回答只有这个问题。
【小题1】A 推理题。文章主要是讲述如何培养孩子的智力的问题，父母如何做才能有利于孩子的智力发展呢？相关段落是第二和第三段；A选项“经常鼓励孩子并称他们”和原文So it is probably better for parents to say very positive(helpful)things to their children意思相符。B选项“对孩子要求非常严厉苛刻”；C选项“让孩子无所事事”；D选项“尽可能地给与孩子(更)多的帮助。”
【小题1】C 态度题。A选项“父母在孩子的成长过程中扮演一个重要的角色”正确；B选项“脑子用的越少，越容易变得迟钝”并没有在原文中提到；C选项“很显然，智力是一个人成长环境的影响结果”，而根据原文，智力是先天和后天培养的综合结果，显然，C选项中的观点错误；D选项“父母应该时刻鼓励孩子”是作者在文中积极倡导的。