I have a rule for travel：never carry a map. I prefer to ask for directions.
Foreign visitors are often puzzled in Japan because most streets there don't have names. In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers， " Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop."
In the countryside of the American Midwest, usually there are not many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat(平坦的).In many places there are no towns or build?ings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distance. In Kansas or Iowa,for example, people will say, "Go north two miles. Turn east,and then go another mile.”
People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map―they measure(测量)distance by means of time,not miles. "How far away is the post office?" you ask. "Oh," they answer, "it's about five minutes from here. " You say, "Yes,but how many miles away is it?" They don't know.
People in Greece sometimes do not even try to give directions because visitors seldom understand the Greek language. Instead of giving you the direction, a Greek will often say, "Follow me.”Then he'll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office.
Sometimes a person doesn't know the answer to your question. What happens in this situa?tion ('清形)？A New Yorker might say, "Sorry,I have no idea. "But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers "I don't know". People in Yucatan think that "I don't know" is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A visitor can get very,very lost in Yucatan！
One thing will help you everywhere―in Japan,in the United States, in Greece, in Mexico, or in any other place. You might not understand a person's words, but maybe you can understand his body language. He or she will usually turn and then point in the correct direction. Go in that direction, and you may find the post office！
( ) 1. The passage mainly tells us that
A. never carry a map for travel
B. there are not many landmarks in the world
C. there are different ways to give directions in different parts of the world
D. directions are hard to give in some places
( ) 2. The passage says, "In Japan, people use landmarks in their directions.”The word "landmarks" means
A. building and street names
B. pictures to draw attention of the visitors
C. hotels, markets and bus stops
D. buildings or places which are easily recognized
( ) 3. There is a place mentioned above in which people tell distance by means of time. Which of the following places may be the one?
A. Los Angeles, California.
B. American Midwest.
C. Japan and some Asian countries.
D. All across the Europe.
( ) 4. According to the passage, which of the following is WRONG?
A. Travelers can learn about people's customs by asking questions about directions.
B. Directions are not known in some places.
C. A person's body language can help you understand directions in a foreign country.
D. People in some places give directions in miles,but there are still some people in other places giving directions by means of time.
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