阅读理解 Modern Farms of America Today On the old-time farms in America there were chickens and turkeys . There were also cows, pigs and other livestocks. But there were very few machines. Most of the wo 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

阅读理解

Modern Farms of America Today

　　On the old-time farms in America there were chickens and turkeys (火鸡). There were also cows, pigs and other livestocks(家畜). But there were very few machines. Most of the work was done by the entire farm family with the help of a “hired man” . Sometimes extra labourers were needed in busy seasons. Horses provided 79 percent of the power used, labour 15 percent and machines only 6 percent.

　　Today all that has changed. On many modem farms machines now provide 96 percent of the power, human labour 3 percent, and horses 1 percent. Modern farms are enterprising (企业性的)business which keep only livestocks that can pay its way(支付费用). The children go to school by bus every morning, the parents work on the farm or in the house, and hired help is seldom needed. Their work has been replaced by a whole army of machines.

　　Farms in the machine age also use the new fertilizer, new feeds (饲料), new hybrid (杂交) seeds, and other helps developed by farm sciences. As a result the farmers are able to produce more food with less labour. This means fewer but larger farms, and fewer but more prosperous farmers.

1．On the old-time farms in America most of work was done by ________.

[　　]

A．very few machines

B．the entire farm family

C．extra labourers and hired men

D．all kinds of animals

2．On the old-time farms most power was provided by ________.

[　　]

A．chickens and turkeys

B．human labour

C．horses

D．machines

3．On the modem farms almost all the work is done by ________ .

[　　]

A．even more hired men and extra help

B．the entire farm family

C．horses and a few more machines

D．a whole army of machines

4．The children of the farm family ________.

[　　]

A．go to school by bus every morning.

B．work on the farm or in the house.

C．drive cars to go to school .

D．have to keep livestock for money.

5．In the machine age farmers ________.

[　　]

A．are able to produce more food with less labour

B．are able to make farm machines

C．are more prosperous

D．both A and C

答案：B;C;D;A;D
解析：

　　1．B　导解：从第一段第四句可知．

　　2．C　导解：从第一段最后一句可知．

　　3．D　导解：该项符合第二段第一句的内容．

　　4．A　导解：从文中第二段倒数第二句可知．B项主语该为parents；C项应将cars改为buses；D项与第二段倒数第三句不符．

　　5．D　导解：该项与文中最后两句相吻合．

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阅读理解

Modern Examinations

　　In ancient times the most important examinations were, spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.

　　Generally, however, modem examinations are written. The written examination, where all students are tested on the same questions, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modem industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines. One type of test is sometimes called an objective test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teachers write a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.

1．In the Middle Ages students ________.

[　　]

A．took objective tests

B．were timed by electric clocks

C．specialized in one subject

D．never wrote in exams

2．The main idea of paragraph 2 is that ________.

[　　]

A．workers now take examinations

B．the population has grown

C．there are only written exams today

D．examinations are now written and timed

3．Modern examinations are written due to ________.

[　　]

A．more population and the development of modern industry

B．the invention of electric clock

C．the demands of the teachers and students

D．the managers' strong sense of responsibility

4．Modem industry must have developed ________.

[　　]

A．before the Middle Ages

B．in Greece or Rome

C．around the 19th century

D．machines to take tests

5．It may be concluded that testing ________ .

[　　]

A．should be objective

B．has changed since the Middle Ages

C．should include written form as well as spoken form

D．in ancient times was not perfect

阅读理解

　　Material culture refers to the touchable, material “things”－physical objects that can be seen, held, felt, used－that a culture produces．Examining a culture’s tools and technology can tell us about the group’s history and way of life．Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music-culture．The most vivid body of “things”in it, of course, are musical instruments．We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we depend on instruments for important information about music-cultures in the remote(faraway in time)past and their development．

　　Here we have two kinds of evidence：instruments well-kept and instruments pictured in art．Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern effect to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra．

　　Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture．Scholars once defined folk music-cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows each other’s influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain and America．Printed versions limit variety because they are likely to standardize any song, yet they encourage and force people to make new and different songs．Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on musicians and, when it becomes widespread, on the music-culture as a whole．

　　One more important part of music’s material culture should be singled out：the effect of the electronic media-radio, record player, tape recorder, television, and video cassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments．This is all part of the “information revolution”, a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth．These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music-cultures all over the world．

(1)

Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because ________．
[　　]
A．	it helps produce new cultural tools and technology
B．	it can express the development of the nation
C．	it helps understand the nation’s past and present
D．	it can present the nation’s civilization(文明)

(2)

It can be learned from this passage that ________．
[　　]
A．	the existence of the symphony was regarded as a thing caused by the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese music
B．	Near Eastern music had an effect on the development of the instruments in the symphony orchestra
C．	the development of the symphony shows the effect of Eastern and Western music between each other
D．	the musical instruments in the symphony orchestra was developed on the basis of Near Eastern music

(3)

According to the author, music notation(乐谱)is important because ________．
[　　]
A．	it has a great effect on the music-culture as more and more people are able to read it
B．	it is likely to standardize folk songs when it is used by folk musicians
C．	it is the printed version of standardized folk music
D．	it encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs

(4)

Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
[　　]
A．	Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers．
B．	Music cannot be passed on to future generations unless it is recorded．
C．	Folk songs cannot be spread far unless they are printed on music sheets．
D．	The development of music culture is highly dependent on its material world．

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

In this age of ours, I find that almost all of my friends are becoming mere voices.

Not too long ago when friends came, they would fill half the drawing room and their voices would penetrate the four walls and disturb all the neighbors. Now they have all become, step by step, into invisible and untouched beings, whose tiny voices can only be heard by one ear through the telephone, no louder than the mosquitoes(蚊子).

Since this has become a necessary part of modern life, I too have learnt to live with this “ear language”. Many friends have become more distant because they are not very good at this way of communication（交流）, others have become closer through ear language, and there are some friends I know by voice only. There is one particular voice friend I got to know through a very curious incident.

One day my telephone rang. When I lifted the receiver- a young lady’s voice informed me that she was phoning in answer to an advertisement for a night club program hostess. Obviously she had got the wrong number. The incident should have ended there and then. Actually, it was a sweet voice, only her poor imitation（模仿）of Hong Kong pronunciation and intonation got on my nerve and especially the “wa!” gave me the goose flesh. I told her that if I were the boss of the club, I wouldn’t give her a second thought because of her poor pronunciation. The young lady at the other end of the phone immediately came up with a surprising suggestion that, of course in her true local accent, she wanted to learn proper standard spoken Chinese speech from me, because she valued every chance very much. To my great surprise, we became “phone” friends. Every day, at the agreed time, she would ring me up and our “lesson” would begin. And she was tested and interviewed by a radio station in the south and got acceptd. She phoned me for the last time to thank me and to say good-bye. We had already formed a very deep “voice” friendship and have left deep unchangeable vocal(听觉的) impressions in each other’s mind. Any sudden appearance of visual images(视觉印象), good or bad, could only be destructive.

56．The underlined word penetrate in the first paragraph means _____.

A．pass quickly by B．force a way through

C．hear accidentally D．make a hole in

57．The passage suggests us that _____.

A．they would be friends forever

B．they would meet in the future

C．they hadn’t had and wouldn’t have any interview

D．the young lady was able to sing sweet songs in standard Chinese

58．We know from the passage that _____.

A．in modern times people get in touch less than before

B．young people enjoys getting together very much

C．people are more ready to help others