题目内容
Sharks have lived in the oceans for over 450 million years, long before dinosaurs appears .There are now about 360 species of sharks, whose size ,behavior ,and other characteristics differ widely .
Sharks range in size from the 6-inch-long dwarf-dog shark to 60-foot-long whale shark—the world’s biggest fish. The whale sharks, like two other large shark species—the basking shark and the mega mouth shark---are harmless to people because they feed on plants and small aquatic（水生的）animal.
Every year ,we catch and kill over 100 million sharks, mostly for food and for their fins. Dried shark fins are used to make shark fin soup, which sells for as much as ＄50 a bowl in fine Hong Kong restaurants. Others sharks are killed for sport and out of fear. Sharks are volunterable （脆弱）to overfishing because it takes most species 10 to 15 years to begin reproducing and they produce only a few offspring.
While sharks are seen as people –eating monsters, they save human lives. In addition to providing people with food, they are helping us in cancer. They are among the few animals in the world that almost never get cancer. A research shows that chemicals extracted （提取）from shark cartiage（肋骨）have killed cancerous tumors in laboratory animals .Their highly effective immune system also allows wounds to heal quickly without becoming infected.
Sharks are needed in the world’s ocean ecosystems. Although they don’t need us ,we need them .We are much dangerous to sharks than they are to us .For every shark that bites a person, we kill one million sharks.
Sharks
| Origin of sharks | Sharks appeared 71 ,long before dinosaurs. |
| 72 | Dwarf-dog sharks are 73 . Whale sharks are 60 feet long. |
| 74 of being caught and killed | For food . For sport 75 |
| 76 | Sharks help us to 77 Sharks can heal quickly when 78 |
| 79 | Humans should protect sharks for the world’s ocean ecosystems Because we are 80 sharks. |
71.450 million years ago 72.Sizes 73.6 inches long 74.Causes 75.out of fear /for fear 76. Functions/Uses /Benefits/Advantages 77. treat /prevent/fight cancer 78.wounded/they are wounded
79.Conclusion/Suggestions 80.in need of
Sharks have gained unfair reputation for being large fierce sea animals. That humanity’s unfounded fear and hatred of these ancient creatures are leading to a worldwide slaughter (大屠杀) may result in the extinct
ion of many larger, coastal shark species. The shark is the victim of a warped (有偏见的) attitude of wildlife protection; we strive (努力) only to protect the beautiful, non-threatening parts of our environment. And, in our efforts to restore only non-threat parts of our earth, we ignore other important parts.
A perfect illustration of this attitude is the contrasting attitude towards another large sea animal, the dolphin. During the 1980s, environmentalists in the United States objected to the practice of hunting tuna (金枪鱼) in the Pacific Ocean since these nets also caught dolphins. The environmentalists generated enough political and economic pressure to prevent tuna companies from buying tuna that had been caught in drift nets. In contrast to this effort, the populations of sharks in the Pacific Ocean have decreased to the point of extinction and there has been very little effort by the same environmentalism to save this important species of wildlife in water. Sharks are among the oldest creatures on earth, having survived in the seas for more than 350 million years. They are extremely efficient animals, feeding on wounded or dying animals, thus performing an important role in nature of knocking out the weaker animals in a species. Just the fact that species such as the Great White Shark have managed to live in the oceans for so many millions of years is enough proof of their efficiency and adaptability to changing environment. It is time for humans, who may not survive another 1,000 years at the rate they are damaging the planet, to cast away their fears and begin considering the protection of sharks as creatures that may provide us with an insight into our own survival.
【小题1】 The best summary of the passage is __________.
| A．sharks have such a bad reputation |
| B．how sharks become some of the oldest creatures on earth |
| C．sharks should be put under wildlife protection |
| D．the campaign to save dolphins was not extended to save sharks |
| A．More than 25 million years. |
| B．More than 150 million years. |
| C．More than 350 million years. |
| D．More than 500 million years. |
| A．Specific(细节) to general. | B．Cause and effect. |
| C．Statement and example. | D．Time order. |
| A．They prevented fishermen from selling them for meat. |
| B．They pressured fishermen into protecting dolphins by law. |
| C．They created shelters where dolphin fishing was not allowed. |
| D．They brought political pressure against tuna companies. |