题目内容

11．People and the sources of air pollution are found in the same places．This means that cities with large populations have the biggest problem of dirty air．Air pollution is caused by many different things．A major source of air pollution is the gas fumes （烟雾） from cars．Statistics show that 93percent of all auto trips are within cities．Another major source of dirty is the burning of coal and oil for energy．This energy is needed to make electricity．Of course，much more electricity is used in the city than in the countryside．
On the average，we throw away more trash and garbage than the year before．The burning of garbage contributes to air pollution．Many major industries are also responsible for the dirty air in the around cities．The fumes from iron，steel，chemical，and petroleum （石油） production add particles （微粒） to the air．
The effects of air pollution range from loss of clear vision，mild headaches to death．Wherever coal and oil are used for fuel，fumes may kill trees and plants and cause metal to corrode （腐蚀）．In some larger cities，these fumes endanger the life of human beings by contributing to lung diseases and causing early deaths．

28．The key point of the passage is thatB．
A．the cause of air pollution is people
B．the causes and the effects of air pollution are both found in cities
C．the effects of air pollution range from headaches to deaths
D．air pollution is caused by dirty air
29．What is the purpose of this passage？A．
A．To persuade people to stop polluting the air．
B．To tell the causes of air pollution．
C．To tell why cities have larger populations．
D．To describe why cities are bad places to live．
30．Why is air pollution heavier in the city than in the countryside？D．
A．Because there are more people in cities．
B．Because the air in the city is dirty．
C．Because there are more cars in the city．
D．Because there are much more gas fumes from cars and burning of coal and oil for energy in the city than in the country．
31．In larger cities，the fumes from coal and oil may result inC．
A．heart disease
B．serious headache
C．lung disease
D．loss of clear vision．

分析 本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了一些污染产生的原因以及它们所导致的结果，作者想以此来提醒我们要保护环境．

解答 28．B  主旨大意题．纵观全文，文章的前半部分讲的是导致污染的原因，而后半部分讲的是污染的结果．故选B．
29．A  推理判断题．文章中没有直接说写这篇文章的目的．但我们从受污染的结果可以推断出写这篇文章的目的就是要我们减少污染．故选A．
30．D  细节理解题．根据第一段A major source of air pollution is the gas fumes （烟雾） from cars．可知空气污染的主要原因是汽车的废气和用来发电的煤和油的燃烧．而汽车和电在城市里比在郊区用得多．故选D．
31．C  细节理解题．根据文章最后一句"these fumes endanger the lives of human beings by contributing to lung diseases and causing early death．"可知在大城市里，煤和石油的烟雾可能会导致肺部的疾病，故选C．

点评 考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

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1．Since the beginning of the year，smog has covered parts of North China．In January，Beijing saw only five days without smog．The rising PM2.5readings terrified many people，and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious，hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory （呼吸系统） and heart diseases．
Later，news of polluted underground water in some provinces scared people who wondered whether the water they drink is safe．
So the need to emphasize environmental protection while developing the economy is heard everywhere．
Smog is especially a common concern．As a popular online post said，air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone，despite your income or profession．People with higher incomes are able to drink only bottled spring water and eat only organic food by paying higher prices，but they breathe the same air as everyone else．
At a meeting on Monday，many representatives have expressed their concerns about the air quality，too．One talked about his experience in Beijing．"After taking a taxi from the capital airport to my hotel，which took about an hour，I washed my nose and found the inside of my nose was black．We should ask ourselves this question：Why do we want to develop？It's for living a better life．Dirty air is definitely not a better life，"he said．
China needs to develop its economy and invest （投资） in hightech．Every Chinese has a dream to make China stronger．But without blue sky，clean water and safe food，the achievements in the economy will become meaningless．Space technologies are not to be developed for building a base on Mars so that one day all human beings can move to the red planet because they have destroyed Earth．
What the public wants is a strong and beautiful China．The great efforts must be made to promote ecological progress and build a beautiful China．The words have shown the central government's determination to address the environment issue．
63．The effect of smog doesn't includeC．
A．the rising of PM2.5readings            
B．more people suffering diseases
C．the increase of people's income          
D．patients increased in hospital
64．Why has smog become a common concern？B
A．Because people have to pay higher prices．
B．Because nobody can avoid it．
C．Because we have to develop industry．
D．Because a popular onlinepost discussed it．
65．To make China stronger we have to develop economy，butB．
A．we have to sacrifice air as the price    
B．the dirty air is not what we want
C．ecological progress can be ignored     
D．the smog is the only byproduct
66．From the last two paragraphs we can infer thatD．
A．hightech can completely solve the problem of pollution
B．space technologies should be developed in a large scale
C．we can move to Mars after the earth has been destroyed
D．we must protect the environment while developing economy．
2．After her heart operation，my grandmothergradually （gradual） recovered．
19．Anne is a      （可靠的）girl，and you can depend on her．
6．The food we eat seems to have a great effect on our health．Although science has made big steps in making food more fit to eat，it has，at the same time，made many foods unfit to eat．Some research has shown that perhaps 80% of human illness is related to food and 40% of cancer is related to food as well．That food is related to illness is not a new discovery．In 1945，some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colour in meats and other food additives（添加剂）caused cancer．
Yet，these additives remain in our food，and it is difficult to know which things on the wrappings（包装）of foods are helpful or harmful．The additives which we eat are not all so direct．Farmers often give penicillin to their animals，and because of this，penicillin has been found in the milk of cows．Sometimes similar things are supplied to animals not for their health，but just to make a profit．
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121．According to this passage，we can knowB．
A．science has made food unfit to eat
B．perhaps most of human illness is caused by what we eat
C．perhaps most kinds of cancer are related to what people eat
D．cancer was discovered in 1945
122．Things that are used to keep colours in meats areB．
A．delicious                             
B．harmful
C．useless                               
D．helpless
123．Which of the following is NOT true？A
A．We needn't take care of what we eat．
B．Some wrappings of food are harmful．
C．Farmers try to make more money on the market by fattening their animals．
D．"The practice continues"means"things are still going on like that"．
124．All the additivesD．
A．have direct effects on our health
B．are bright and colourless
C．are not bright and colourful
D．have indirect effects on our health．
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This 90-year-old man was Pound，（69）whowas the president of Law College of Harvard．He believed"all slopes are easy（70）to go（ go）"，of which he often reminded his students．
11．The US plans to extend its endangered species protection to lions in Africa．US Fish and  Wildlife Service（FWS）will classify lions in southern and eastern Africa as threatened．The  move will place tighter restrictions on the import of lion"trophies"，such as paws or heads．
While the US cannot regulate hunting in other countries，the move is significant because around half of a11lion hunting in Africa is conducted by Americans．According to FWS data，more than 5，600lions have been killed and imported by American hunters over the past    decade．
Under the new FWS rules，bringing lion parts to the US will be banned in most circumstances if the animal is from a country where lions are endangered．Hunters will have to show the trophies were"legally obtained"from countries that have"a scientifically sound management program that benefits the subspecies in the wild"．
This regulation is expected to place a far greater burden of proof upon hunters who claim  that the money from lion hunting has been used to help communities in Africa and the overall  conservation of lions．The persistent downward trend in lion numbers，due to habitat loss and hunting by locals and foreign tourists，suggests there has been little conservation benefit from organized hunts．
An international study，published in September，found African lion numbers have    decreased by half since 1993，with a further 50%decline expected over the next 20years for    populations in west，central and east Africa．
"The lion is one of the planet's most beloved species and an irreplaceable part of our shared global heritage，"said Dan Ashe，director of the FWS．"If we want to ensure that healthy lion populations continue to wander around the African savannas and forests of India，it's up to all of us-not just the people of Africa and India-to take action．

28．Why will lions be classified as endangered in southern and eastern Africa？C
A．No lion is protected in Africa．
B．Lion trading has been banned．
C．Its numbers have been decreasing．
D．Both locals and tourists hunt lions．
29．Where do most of the lion hunters come from？B
A．Southern Africa．
B．America．  
C．Eastern Africa．
D．India．
30．What may be the result of the move？A
A．The import of lion parts will be strictly limited．
B．Lion-hunting will be illegal all over the world．
C．Communities in Africa will benefit a lot．
D．Lion parts will not be legally obtained．
31．What does Dan Ashe really want to tell us in the last paragraph？B
A．Almost everybody loves lions．
B．It's everyone's duty to protect lions．
C．Lion populations will increase rapidly．
D．Measures must be taken to keep lions fit．
8．Britain's seed bank，the only one in the world aiming to collect all of the planet's wild plant species，has reached its goal of banking 10 percent by 2010．
The Millennium Seed Bank Project，run by Kew Gardens-one of the oldest botanical gardens-will officially deposit the 24，200th species on Thursday，a pink，wild banana from China．
More than 50 countries are now on board with Kew's giant task but vast places of the globe，including India and Brazil，still need to join in and donate seeds，director Paul Smith said．
The seed bank is one of the largest and most diverse in the world with more than 1.5 billion seeds．Its goal is to help protect the planet's bio-diversity during a time of climate change．
The wild banana seed is under threat of extinction（灭绝） in southwest China from agricultural development．It is a vital food source for Asian elephants and important for growing bananas for human consumption．
Stored at minus-20 degrees centigrade，so they can last for thousands of years，the seeds await the day that scientists hope never comes-when the species no longer exist in the wild．
It is a race against time，Smith said，because in the last decade alone，20 plants held in the bank have already been wiped out in the wild．He estimates that between a third and a quarter will become extinct this century．
"It is urgent and it is happening now．An area，the size of England，is cleared of primary vegetation（植被）every year．"Smith said．
Because most of the world's food and medicines come from nature，protecting wild plant species is quite important，scientists say．There are already many other seed banks safeguarding food crops，which only account for 0.6 percent of plant diversity．
For Kew's next goal-to collect a quarter of wild varieties by 2020-the botanists need 10 million pounds a year，or a further 100 million pounds on top of the 40 million they have already been granted．
56．What's the final purpose of the Britain's seed bank？C
A．To collect enough money for the project．
B．To safeguard food crops．
C．To protect wild plants from extinction．
D．To help scientists study wild plants．
57．The wild banana seed in China is in danger because ofA．
A．the expanding of farming work          
B．the climate change in this area
C．the large number of Asian elephants      
D．human's large consumption
58．We can learn from the passage thatB．
A．the seeds in the bank can be used now and then all over the world
B．India and Brazil haven't joined in the Seed Bank Project at present
C．there is only one seed bank in the world at present
D．the wild plants in places like India and China will never die out
59．What does the underlined word"it"in paragraph 7 refer to？B
A．The extinction of plant species．
B．The Millennium Seed Bank Project．
C．Britain's seed bank．
D．Kew Gardens'next goal．
60．Which of the following information isn't mentioned in the passage？C
A．The global partnership of collecting wild plant species．
B．The temperature condition of the conservative wild plant species．
C．The government's financial support for the seed bank project．
D．Scientists'concern on the extinct wild plant species．
9．Pat O'Burke was a poor Irishman with a large family，and one morning，waking up very early from cold and hunger，he decided to go shooting in a wood near his cottage．The wood belonged to Lord Northwood，a rich gentleman．Pat had no right to go there，but in it there were swarms of rabbits and flocks of birds that were good to eat，and Pat determined to take the risk．Suddenly he saw the owner，with a group of friends，coming towards him in the wood．There was a look of anger on Lord Northwood's face as he caught sight of the gun in Pat's hands．
Pat's heart sank with fear，but he saw there was no hope of escape，so he walked boldly（大胆） up to the group and said to Lord Northwood，"Good morning，sir，and what has brought you out so early this morning？"
 Lord Northwood，rather surprised，said he and his friends were taking a little exercise to get an appetite（食欲） for their breakfast．Then，looking at Pat with suspicion（怀疑），he said，"but why are you out so early in the morning？"
"Well，sir"said Pat，"I just came out to see if I could get a breakfast for my appetite．"
The whole crowd burst into laughter at Pat's ready wit，and with a smile Lord Northwood walked on，leaving Pat to try his luck with the rabbits．
24．This is a story aboutC．
A．a rich man who owned a big wood
B．a poor Irishman who lived all by himself
C．a clever man who tried to get something to eat  
D．an Irish hunter with a large family
25．There was a look of anger on Lord Northwood's face．Why？B
A．He was not expecting Pat at this early hour．
B．He knew Pat was coming for shooting．
C．He didn't like the poor Irishman at all．
D．Pat had not told him he would come．
26．Why was Lord Northwood surprised？A
A．He had not expected such a bold question from Pat．
B．He wondered why Pat didn't run away．
C．Pat wasn't afraid of him．
D．Pat had a gun in his hands．
27．What made the whole crowd burst into laughter？C
A．Pat's funny looks．
B．Pat's interesting remarks．
C．Pat's quick and humorous response．
D．Pat's promise to leave fight away．

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