题目内容

That "Monday morning feeling" could be a crushing pain in the chest which leaves you sweating and gasping for breath. Recent research from Germany and Italy shows that heart attacks are more common on Monday morning and doctors blame the stress of returning to work after the weekend break.

The risk of having a heart attack on any given day should be one in seven, but a six-year study helped by researchers at the Free University of Berlin of more than 2,600 Germans showed that the average person had a 20 percent higher chance of having a heart attack on a Monday than on any other day.

Working Germans are particularly not protected against attack, with a 33 percent higher risk at the beginning of the working week. Non-workers, by comparison, appear to be no more at risk on a Monday than any other day.

A study of 11,000 Italians proved 8 a.m. on a Monday morning as the most stressful time for the heart, and both studies showed that Sunday is the least stressful day, with fewest heart attacks in both countries.

The finding could lead to a better understanding of what is the immediate cause of heart attacks, according to Dr. Stefan Willich of the Free University. "We know a lot about long-term risk factors such as smoking and cholesterol (胆固醇) but we don't know what actually causes heart attacks, so we can't give clear advice on how to prevent them." he said.

Monday mornings have a double helping of stress for the working body as it makes a rapid change from sleep to activity, and from the relaxing weekend to the pressure of work.

"When people get up, their blood pressure and heart rate go up and there are hormonal (内分泌) changes in their bodies." Willich explained. "All these things can have an unfavorable effect on the blood system and increase the risk of a clot (血凝块) which will cause a heart attack."

"When people return to work after a weekend off, the pace of their life changes. They have a higher workload, more stress, more anger and more physical activities." said Willich.

1. "Monday morning feeling", as this passage shows,        

A. is not as serious as people thought

    B. is the first killer in Germany and Italy

    C. is created by researchers in Germany and Italy

    D. is harmful to working people in developed countries

2. To protect people from a heart attack, doctors have paid much attention to __

    A. people's working time                B. people's living place

    C. people's lifestyle                   D. people's nationalities

3. What does the underlined word "break" mean in the passage?

    A. rest              B. end          C. freedom           D. play

4. It can be learned from this passage that the heart attack has something to do with all the following EXCECT        

    A. blood pressure     B. heart rate      C. hormonal changes   D. blood type

5. If the researchers give us some advice to avoid Monday morning feeling, what might it be?

    A. Improving working conditions.         B. Never go to work on Mondays.

    C. Stay with a doctor on Monday.         D. Get up late on Monday morning.

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In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition (学会) of each new skill m the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.

    Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe (严格的) over time of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness.

    As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.

    A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.

Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills, _________________.

  A. should be avoided

  B. is universal among parents

  C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child

  D. will make the child lose interest in learning new things

In the process of children’s learning new skills, parents _________________.

  A. should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read

  B. should expect a lot of the children

  C. should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own

  D. should create as many learning opportunities as possible

The second paragraph mainly tells us that _________________.

  A. parents should be strict with their children

  B. parental controls reflect only the values of the community

  C. parental restrictions vary, and are not always for the benefit of the children alone

  D. it’s parents’ and society’s duty to control the children

The word “precept” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_________________”.

  A. opinion          B. punishment       C. behavior            D. instruction

In terms of moral matters, parents should _____________________.

  A. follow the rules themselves

  B. be aware of the huge difference between adults and children

  C. forbid their children to follow hook teachings

  D. always ensure the security of their children

In 1977, a dead author of detective stories saved the life of a 19-month-old baby in a most unusual way. The author was Agatha Christie, one of the most successful writers of detective stories in the world.

In June 1977, a baby girl became seriously ill in Qatar, near Saudi Arabia. Doctors were unable to find out the cause of her illness with confidence, so she was sent to Hammersmith Hospital in London. She was then only semi-conscious and on the "Dangerously Ill" list. A team of doctors hurried to examine the baby only to discover that they, too, were confused by the very unusual symptoms (症状). While they were discussing the baby's case, a nurse asked to speak to them. "Excuse me," said Nurse Marsha Maitlan, "but I think the baby is suffering from thallium (铊) poisoning."

"What makes you think that?" Dr. Brown asked. "Thallium poisoning is extremely rare."

"A few days ago, I was reading a novel called A Pale Horse by Agatha Christie," Nurse Maitlan explained. "In the book, somebody uses thallium poison, and all the symptoms are described. They're exactly the same as the baby's."

"You're very thoughtful and you may be right," another doctor said. "We'll carry out some tests and find out whether it's thallium or not."

Tests showed that the baby had indeed been poisoned by thallium, a rare metallic substance used in making special glass. Once they knew the cause of the illness, the doctors were able to give the baby the correct treatment. She soon recovered and was sent back to Qatar. Later it was reported that the poison might have come from an insecticide (杀虫剂) used in Qatar.

1.The one who first suggested the correct cause of the baby's illness was _____.

A．a doctor in Qatar

B．Dr. Brown

C．Nurse Maitlan

D．Agatha Christie

2.As far as we can tell from the passage, Agatha Christie _____.

A．had spent a long time studying the baby's case

B．visited the baby in the hospital at Hammersmith

C．had never met this baby

D．gave Nurse Maitlan some advice on the phone

3.It seems likely from the passage that the baby's illness had something to do with _____.

A．a harmful substance used to kill insects

B．a dangerous pair of glasses

C．the water in Qatar

D．a dead writer

 

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16～25的相应位置上。

If you struggle against figures, maybe you were born that way, research has suggested. Being good at mathematics may be entirely pre-destined—you either have it   16   you don’t.

   And those who find   17   difficult to add up the number shouldn’t feel too hopeless—mathematical talent does not appear to be linked to all-round intelligence. Previous research has indicated that "number sense" is    18    (base) to humans. We use it to estimate such things as    19    number of seats in a cinema or crowd sizes.

   U.S. psychologists at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore made their finding after testing children too young to have been taught mathematics. During the study, 200 four-year-olds   20   (study) in terms of number senses, calculation skills and vocabulary. The verbal test was done for the reason   21   language and maths abilities are thought to be   22   (close) linked through general intelligence.

   "Unlike    23    previous studies proved, this one shows that the link   24   number sense and maths ability is already present before the beginning of formal maths instruction. One of the most important questions is whether we can train a child’s number sense   25  

(improve) his future maths ability."

 

Romanian-born German writer Herta Mueller won the 2009 Nobel Prize in literature yesterday, honored for work that "with the concentration of poetry and the frankness of prose, describes the landscape of the dispossessed(被流放者)," the Swedish Academy said.

The 56-year-old author, who immigrated to Germany from Romania in 1987, first gained public attention in 1982 with a collection of short stories titled Niederungen, or Lowlands in English, which was promptly censored(审查通过) by her government.

In 1984 an uncensored version was smuggled to Germany where it was published and her work describing life in a small, German-speaking village in Romania was popular with the readers there. That work was followed by Oppressive Tango in Romania.

"The Romanian national press was very critical of these works while, outside of Romania, the German press received them very positively," the Academy said. "Because Mueller had publicly criticized the dictatorship(独裁) in Romania, she was prohibited from publishing in her own country.” In 1987 she immigrated to Germany with her husband two years before dictator Nicolae Ceausescu was toppled from power.

Mueller's parents were members of the German-speaking minority in Romania and father served in the Waffen SS during World War II. After the war ended, many German Romanians were deported(放逐) to the Soviet Union in 1945, including her mother, who spent five years in a work camp in what is now Ukraine.

Most of her works are in German, but some works have been translated into English, French and Spanish, including The Passport, The Land of Green Plums, Traveling on One Leg and The Appointment.

Mueller has given guest lectures at universities, colleges and other venues in Paderborn, Warwick, Hamburg, Swansea, Gainsville (Florida), Kassel, Gottingen, Tubingen and Zurich among other places. She lives in Berlin. Since 1995 she has served as a member of Deutsche Akademie fur Sprache und Dichtung, in Darmstadt."

Mueller is the 12th woman to win the literature prize. Recent female winners include Austria's Elfriede Jelinek in 2004 and British writer Doris Lessing in 2007.

The award includes a $1.4 million prize and will be handed out on December 10

51．Herta Mueller was awarded Nobel Prize in literature because of____________.

A．her public criticism upon the dictatorship in Romania

B．her works with the concentration of poetry and the frankness of prose

C．her works describing the life of the dispossessed in Germany 

D．the popularity of her works with the readers in the German-speaking village

52．Which of the following statements is mentioned by the author?

A．German Romanians were treated unfairly in Germany in the 1940s.

B．Her parents were dispossessed to Ukraine after the World War II.

C．Her first work was published in Germany in the early 1980s.

D．Her works were all translated into versions in different languages.

53．It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that _____.

A．people then in Romania had the right to say whatever was true.

B．Herta Mueller left her home country after the dictatorship was ended.

C．Herta Mueller immigrated to Germany together with her parents.

D．Romanian citizens lived a hard life without democracy in the 1980s.

54．According to the passage, which of the following works has an English version? 

A．Lowlands in English                  B．Oppressive Tango in Romania.  

C．Traveling on One Leg                 D．The Land of Green Plums

55．What is the passage mainly about?

A．Mueller made great contribution to literature through hard work

B．Mueller won the Nobel Prize for her great literature works.

C．Mueller gained great popularity by describing dictatorship.

D．Mueller was treated badly in Romania and immigrated to Germany.

 

Roy wasn't the only one to receive his call-up（入伍）papers．Stephen Napier's call-up came at the beginning of February and he was pleased to find that he would be going into the Royal Air Force (RAF)．

His father was not so pleased and made his feelings known as he and Stephen were on their daily walk. It was the first step in his plans for Stephen to take over the estate（地产）when the time came, and although Stephen was well aware of this, he could think of no reason not to accompany him.

"Thought you'd forgotten that nonsense. Still, I dare say I could pull a few strings to get you to the Army..."

"No, Father! I have told you I want to learn to fly. What chance would I have to do that in the Army? I'd be better off in the Navy——at least they've got the Fleet Air Arm. But I have been put in the RAF and that's where I want to be, so let's leave it at that." His face went red. Sent to his father's school and then to Cambridge, much to his satisfaction, he had never had to defend his own desires and his father was a hard man to oppose.

The father glared at Stephen, "No, I won't leave it at that. I want to know what other ridiculous ideas are in your head. For a start, what's all this about America?"

"America?"

"Yes. All those books I saw in your room the other day. Brochures about emigration（移民）．"

The big, silvered head lowered, like that of a bull about to charge．"Don't trouble to deny it."

"I won't, Father. Some men at Cambridge have been talking about it. They want people like us here, mathematicians and scientists, for all kinds of research——the sort of research I could do．It would be a worthwhile life for me."

The father responded exactly as his son had known he would．"You've got a worthwhile life here！You've got an estate to run！"

"No, Father. You've got an estate to run. I never asked for it. Why not ask Baden to do this stuff? He perhaps can make a good job of it, but I..."

"If he were here, I might think about this silly idea of yours——only think about it, mind you but..."

1.If Father wanted Stephen to take over the estate, the first thing he did would__________．

A .take a walk with Stephen as usual     B. wait till his son graduated from Cambridge

C. persuade Stephen not to go into RAF  D. send Stephen to the Army instead of RAF

2.Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?

A . Stephen preferred to go into the Navy rather than the Army.

B. Stephen also received his call-up papers as Roy.

C. The father didn't like Stephen's idea of going to America.

D. Stephen was eventually forced to stay to run the estate．

3.After reading this passage, we can infer that__________．

A. Stephen had never had to defend his desires before

B. Baden might be one of Stephen's family members

C. Stephen wanted to fly in RAF and become a pilot in America

D. if somebody took over the estate, Stephen could realize his dream

4.What do we learn from the underlined sentence?

A. It looked as if the father was angry when mentioning the brochures.

B. The father was very angry and wanted to beat his son Stephen．

C. Stephen was annoyed when his father referred to the brochures.

D. A big red bull was about to charge at Stephen.

5.Which would be the best title for this passage?

A . RAF——a better choice than the Army   B. A talk between Father and Son

C. The dreams of a Cambridge student   D. Conflict between Father and Son

 

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