阅读理解。
     In many ways, the earliest periods of photography are the most satisfying. Learning to use the controls is
easy and comes quickly, and you can measure the results in terms of sharp and correctly de- veloped pictures.
Once you have mastered that, you can start on the second step of your photographic work. Using these basic
skills in the wide variety of situations to give the pictures you want, noticing what you see through the
viewfinder and turning that into the most effective picture become totally interesting.
     All good photographs have one thing in common: there is no doubt what the subject of the picture is meant
to be. Every photog- rapher must use those same standards to his or her work, not only to finished results but
to the subject before he or she takes it. Always work out quite clearly what the subject of the picture is to be
and why you are taking the picture. For example, "I am going to take a picture of this street to show the
different styles and ages of the buildings and that people have been living,working and shopping in them since
time began." By doing this you have a better idea of what to include in the picture and what to leave out. How
often have you been shown photographs taken by people away on a trip some- where? The judgment is always
similar, something about"the car park is out of the picture to the left",or " you can't quite see from this picture
but if you go up the street". The photographs are usual- ly collections of buildings, people, parked cars,
possibly a distant look of an ancient church, and best of all, a figure which you are told is Aunt Henrietta,
disappearing in the middle distance. When photographers show you their pictures, they have a clear idea of
what they want to bring to your attention, but it often does not ap- pear in the picture. If they had given just a
little of their time to think about their future judgment before taking the picture, then the picture would relate its
own story. Good pictures can show their sub- jects quickly and easily.
1. What does the first sentence of the passage mean?
A. The skills of photography are not as satisfactory nowadays as before.
B. The earliest pictures were the best pictures people have ever taken.
C. The present-day photography depends more on technology than on art.
D. Learning to produce a sharp and correctly developed picture is only the first step
     in photography and is easily learned.
2. What will it bring you if you decide the purpose of the photo- graph in advance?
A. It will allow you to leave out unnecessary material.
B. It will allow you to stand in the best place.
C. It will help you to vary the subjects of your pictures.
D. It means you will waste less time.
3. Many photographers fail because____.
A. their pictures include both buildings and people
B. everything is not clear in their pictures
C. the subjects of their pictures are not obvious
D. the explanation given for their pictures is mistaken
4. What book is this passage most likely taken from?
A. A book on photography for news reporters.
B. A book on how to photograph people.
C. A book on choosing the right camera.
D. A book on improving photographic techniques.

In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh(法老)treated the poor message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.

Shades of that spirit spread over today's conversations. Once a friend arid I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked light heartedly out the door ,picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, “Oh boy, bad

day for a picnic. The weatherman says it’s going to rain. ,,I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, for his smile.

Several months ago I was racing to catch a bus. As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Grey hound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile,“Oh that bus left five minutes ago. ” Dreams of head-cutting!

It’s not the news that makes someone angry. It’s the unsympathetic attitude with which it’s delivered. Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and winning profes?sionals do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising a patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he didn’t get the job takes on a sym?pathetic tone. Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feel?ing of the receiver.

Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this. When you7 re tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isnt ready yet? When you had your heart set on the toast beef, has your waiter told you that he just served the last piece? It makes you as traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces.

Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, 1 would have ap?preciated his warming . Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, “Oh, that’s all right I'll catch the next one. ” Big winners, when they bear bad news,deliver bombs with the emotion the hombarded(被轰炸的)person is sure to have.

67. In Paragraph l ,the writer tells the story of the pharaoh to _______

A. make a comparison                   B introduce a topic

C. describe a scene                     D. offer an argument

68. In the writer’s opinion, his neighbor was_______.

A. friendly         B. warm-hearted           C not considerate D. not helpful

69. From “Dreams of head-cutting!"(Paragraph 3) ,we learn that the writer_______.

A  was mad at the sales agent

B. was reminded of the cruel pharaoh

C. wished that the sales agent would have had dreams

D. dreamed of cutting the sales agent’s head that night.

70. What is the main idea of the text?

A  Delivering bad news properly is important in communication.

B. Helping others sincerely is the key to business success.

C. Receiving bad news requires great courage.

D. Learning ancient traditions can be useful.

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