. These photographs will show you . A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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These photographs will show you _______.

A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like

C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like

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"The world's oceans are slowly getting more acidic,”say scientists. The researchers from California report that the change is taking place in response to higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

The lowering of the waters’pH value is not great at the moment but could cause a serious threat to current ocean life if it continues, they warn. Ken Caldeira and Michael Wickett, from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, report their concerns in the journal Nature.

Increasing use of oil fuels means more carbon dioxide is going into the air, and most of it will eventually be absorbed by seawater. Once in the water, it reacts to form carbonic acid. Scientists believe that the oceans have already become slightly more acidic over the last century.

These researchers have tried to predict what will happen in the future by combining what we know about the history of the oceans with computer models of climate change．"This level of acidity will get much more extreme in the future if we continue releasing CO2 into the atmosphere," said Dr Caldeira. "And we predict the amount of future acidity will exceed（超过）anything we have seen over the last several hundred million years, let alone perhaps after rare disastrous events such as asteroid（小行星) impacts．”

However, it is not absolutely clear what that means for ocean life．Most organisms live near the surface, where the greatest pH change would be expected to occur, but deep-ocean life forms may be more sensitive to pH changes．Coral reefs and other organisms whose shells contain calcium carbonate（小行星) may be particularly affected if the water's acidity levels keep going up, the team predict. They could find it much more difficult to build these structures in water with a lower pH.

In recent years some people have suggested storing carbon dioxide from power stations in the deep ocean as a way of dealing with global warming．But Dr Caldeira said that such a strategy should now be re-considered. "Previously, most experts had looked at ocean absorption of carbon dioxide as a good thing-because in releasing CO2 into the atmosphere we warm the planet, and when CO2, is absorbed by the ocean, it reduces the amount of greenhouse warming.”

According to Dr Caldeira,__________ .

A. ocean absorption of carbon dioxide is a good thing

B. more oil fuels will be used in the near future

C. scientists may predict climate changes with computer models

D. the future situation of the amount of acidity is extremely serious

f the water's acidity level keeps rising,_________ .

A. ocean life whose structures contain calcium carbonate may be affected

B. the waters’pH value will become higher and higher

C. organisms living near the surface are more sensitive to pH changes

D. some disastrous events will occur more often than before

Most experts once believed storing carbon dioxide in the ocean would reduce________ .

A. the CO2 absorbed by the ocean B. the amount of greenhouse warming

C. the acidity of the ocean D. the gradual release of CO2

The purpose of this passage is to_________ .

A. show people the findings of a research team B. inform people of how acid the ocean is now

C. introduce Dr Caldeira and his team's research D. warn people of the higher level of CO2

The literal meaning of philosophy is “love of wisdom”. But this meaning does not tell us very much. Unlike the other disciplines（学科）, philosophy cannot e defined by what you study ,because it is actually unlimited. Anything can be the subject matter of philosophy: are, history, law, language, literature, mathematics, and in fact, the other academic disciplines are directly related to philosophy. For this reason you get a Doctorate（博士学位）of Philosophy (Ph. D.) in biochemistry, or computer science, or psychology.

Two broad sub-fields of philosophy are logic and the history of philosophy. Logic is the science of argument and eritical thinking. It provides sound methods for distinguishing good from bad reasoning .The history of philosophy involves the study of major philosophers and persuade in the development of philosophy.

Of what use is philosophy? First it is useful in educational advancement. It is necessary for understanding other disciplines. Only philosophy questions the nature of the concepts used in a discipline, and its relating to other discomposes. And thought the study of philosophy, one develops sound methods of research and analysis that can be applied to any field.

There are a number of general uses of philosophy. It strengthens one’s ability to solve problems, to communicate, to organize ideas and issues, to persuade, and to take what is the most important form a large quality of data. These general uses are of great benefit in the career field, not necessarily for obtaining one’s first job after graduation, but for preparing for positions of responsibility, management and leadership later on. It is very short site after all, to take a course of studies only for the purpose of getting one’s first job. The useful skills developed thought the study of philosophy have significant long-term benefits in career advancement. No other discipline systematically follows the ideals of wisdom, leadership, and capacity to resolve human conflict.

72. Accprdomg to Paragraph 1. Philosophy can best be described as the study of .

A. social sciences B. natural sciences

C. both social and natural sciences D. the subject matter of politics

73. With the study of philosophy, you can .

A. become a great leader

B. succeed in everything

C. find a good job soon after graduation

D. make progress in your career development

74. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Philosophy is an independent discipline.

B. Logic helps you to become a better thinker.

C. The study of philosophy brings you immediate benefits.

D. The meaning of philosophy is too limited to define.

75.From the passage, we can conclude

A. not all the subjects have to do with philosophy

B. a person will get a Ph. D. if he/she studies philosophy

C. philosophy can be helpful for the study of any other subjects

D. philosophy is the only solution to all the problems the world

Have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall? What do you think caused this change in colour? It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from t}le nearby fields．

Components of Soft

Soil is made up of a number of layers(层)，each having its own distinctive colour and texture．The upper layer is known as the litter．It acts like a blanket．limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss．The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus(腐殖质)，which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour．This layer is usually rich in nutrients，oxygen，and water．Below the topsoil is the subsoil，a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter．This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus．Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock．

Soil forms from the bottom up．Over time bedrock is attacked by rain, wind，frost, and snow．It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering．Plants begin to grow，and rotten materials enrich the topsoil．Most of the soil in Eastern Canada．for example．Was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared l2．000 years ag0．

Water Beneath the Soil

Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes．ponds．and rivers．Once in the soil or rock，it is called groundwater．Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation(渗透)．Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table．Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate．

As water percolates downward，it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers．This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth.

Soil pH

Soil can be acidic．neutral．or basic．The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock

from which it was formed．and by the nature of t}le plants that grow and rot in it．

The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil．By burning fossil fuels such as coal，oil and gasoline，humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils．When fossil fuels are burned．gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain．Acid soil increases出e problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels．As nutrients are removed，soil is less fertile．Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil，and also become easily attacked by diseases．

67．The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called．

A．1itter B．topsoil C．humus D．subsoil

68．According to the text．which of the following is NOT true?

A．Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface．

B．The deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than t}le surface soil．

C．Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil．

D．Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth．

69．We can infer from the passage that the water table lies ．

A．between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer

B．in the subsoil layer above bedrock

C．between the subsoil layer and bedrock

D．in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil

70．The underlined word “dissolve” is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from soil are ．

A．rushed away into the river

B．cleaned and purified by water

C．destroyed and carried away by water

D．mixed with water and become part of it

Mr. Glen is a millionaire. Five years ago, after returning from abroad to his motherland, he ___36___his small company. Speaking of success, Glen often tells us a story about his extra expensive “school” fee. He always ___37___his success to it.

At that time, Glen, who already got a Ph.D. degree, ___38___to return to the homeland, starting a company. Before leaving, he bought a Rolex watch with the ___39___made through years of work after school and the scholarships. At the airport he had to accept the ___40___customs check. The watch on his wrist was also demanded to be taken down for ___41___. Glen knew that carrying the specific goods out had to pay the tax, and he worried about paying ___42___for his watch. So when he was checked, he told a lie that his watch was a ___43___fake（假货）. When he was ___44___of his “smarts”, immediately, in the presence of Glen, the officers hit the watch, ___45___cost nearly 100,000 into pieces ___46___hearing Glen’s words. Glen was ___47___. Before he understood why, he was taken to the office to be examined ___48___. For many times of entry-exit ___49___he knew that only those people in the “blacklist” would “enjoy” this special treatment. The officers looked over everything carefully in the box, and ___50___him no matter what time of entry and exit he must accept the check and if __51___reusing and carrying fake and shoddy goods, he would be ___52 __according to law! Suddenly, his face turned red, and he had nothing in mind after boarding the plane for long.

After returning to the homeland, he often told the story to his family, and his employees, too. He said that this made a deep ___53___on him, because the additional high “school” fee that he had ever paid made him realize the value of ___54__, which he would remember as the ___55___of his success forever.

1. A．set up B．took up C．went up D．picked up

2. A．honors B．mentions C．brings D．owes

3. A．decided B．refused C．objected D．asked

4. A．books B．things C．savings D．pounds

5. A．ordinary B．routine C．regular D．common

6. A．look B．inspection C．test D．experiment

7. A．one B．it C．them D．these

8. A．priceless B．useful C．worthless D．valuable

9. A．afraid B．proud C．ashamed D．hard

10. A．who B．what C．as D．which

11. A．on B．at C．who D．in

12. A．Disappointed B．delighted C．shocked D．satisfied

13. A．strictly B．quietly C．quickly D．curiously

14. A．conditions B．experiences C．experiments D．chances

15. A．stopped B．hoped C．warned D．urged

16. A．came out B．found out C．sent out D．set out

17. A．hit B．blamed C．praised D．charged

18. A．expression B．idea C．thought D．impression

19. A．honesty B．lies C．goods D．bravery

20. A．secret B．lesson C．choice D．belief

Stephen William Hawking was born on January 8th, 1942 in Oxford, England. His parents’ house was in North London, but during the Second World War Oxford was considered a safer place to have babies. When he was eight, his family moved to St Albans. At eleven Stephen went to St. Albans School, and then on to University College, Oxford, his father’s old college. Stephen wanted to do math, although his father would have preferred medicine. Math was not available at University College, so he did physics instead.

Stephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in Cosmology (宇宙论). After gaining his Ph.D. （哲学博士）he became first a Research Fellow, and later on a Professorial Fellow at Gonville and Caius College. After leaving the Institute of Astronomy in 1973, Stephen came to the Department of Applied Math and Theoretical Physics (理论物理), and since 1979 has held the post of Lucasian Professor of math.

Stephen Hawking has worked on the basic laws which rule the universe. With Roger Penrose he showed that Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity implied space and time would have a beginning in the Big Bang and an end in black holes. These results show it was necessary to unify（统一）General Relativity with Quantum Theory （量子论）. One result of such a unification that he discovered was that black holes should not be completely black, but should give off radiation and disappear in the end.

59. Which of the following is NOT suitable for describing Stephen Hawking?

A. He once studied at the same college that his father studied at.

B. At one time he did research in Cosmology in Oxford.

C. He preferred math to medicine at college.

D. He contributed to the unification of General Theory of Relativity and Quantum Theory.

60. The underlined word “available” in the first paragraph probably means “________”.

A. able to be had B. allowed to study

C. easy to understand D. limited to learn

61. Why did Stephen Hawking’s parents move to Oxford from North London?

A. Because they liked it better than North London.

B. Because there was a world-famous university there.

C. Because they were tired of living in North London.

D. Because it was safer to give birth to a baby in Oxford.

62. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Einstein and Stephen Hawking

B. Big Bang, a great theory

C. Stephen Hawking, a great British scientist

D. The unification of two theories

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