题目内容

In societies where social roles are determined, boys usually copy the behavior of their fathers, and girls usually also copy _____ of their mothers.


  1. A.
    that
  2. B.
    those
  3. C.
    one
  4. D.
    the ones
A
试题分析:考查代词辨析。That知道可数名词单数或者不可数名词,表示特指,后面要有定语修饰。其复数形式是those,同样后面也要有定语修饰;one指代可数名词单数,表示泛指。The ones特指可数名词复数形式。本题的that指代不可数名词behavior后面有定语of their mothers修饰。故A正确。
考点:考查代词辨析
点评:本题的几个代词是高考中经常考的代词,That知道可数名词单数或者不可数名词,表示特指,后面要有定语修饰。其复数形式是those,同样后面也要有定语修饰;one指代可数名词单数,表示泛指。The ones特指可数名词复数形式。
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It is easy to understand the way a culture approaches disagreements by looking at the communication styles in that culture. In societies where open discussion is encouraged, conflict is much more common and accepted. On the other hand, cultures that strive to reduce conflicts and maintain harmony do not see such interaction appropriate, particularly in the workplace.
In Australia, Great Britain, and the United States, for example, disagreements are considered a natural part of communication. People in these countries typically have open and honest discussions, even if people’s differences of opinion lead to confrontation(对抗,对立). In business setting, this may mean debating with a colleague or a supervisor over the approach to a task. Or, co-workers might have a discussion about whether an agenda(议程)item during a meeting is suitable or not. Conflict is not necessarily negative ,though. And many people feel that debating an issue is as rewarding as resolving it. Successful conflict resolution(冲突解决) is also seen as a valuable skill, most people at the management level are expected to be very good at handling conflicts that arise in the workplace.
The Asian style of communication is quite different. In almost parts of eastern Asia, individuals present their ideas and then wait for others to do the same. They prefer to seek agreement from a group without rejecting another’s opinions out loud. In business meetings, subordinates (下级) will hardly disagree openly with their supervisor. This shows respect for supervisor, and it reflects the cultural importance placed on politeness and building harmony and trust.
1. The best title for this passage is ______.
A. Approaching Disagreements                    B. Differences of Opinion
C. Culture and Communication                    D. Conflict Resolution
2. In Australia, people would consider disagreement______.
A. a negative part of communication             B. necessary in their communication
C. normal and beneficial                            D. Unimportant in communication
3. Which of the following is true according to the author?
A. Subordinates in the USA don’t try to show their respect in the supervisors.
B. Asian people at management level are not good at handling conflicts.
C. People in Asia always try to avoid conflicts.
D. People in some western countries like to have conflicts.
4. What does the underlined word “harmony” probably mean?
A. Difference           B. Agreement     C. Respects        D. Communication

There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.
In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are strictly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers.This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.
What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly in terms of skill, mechanics, and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their insistence to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the US, China,Japan and among the Arctic peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys reflect their surroundings.Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.
Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been affected by technological quick development that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the ox-cart to the automobile is a direct line of ahievement. The progress from a rattle(拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3000 BC to one used by a baby today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of times and subject to the limtations of available materials.
【小题1】. The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that_________.

A.their social roles are strictly determined
B.most boys would like to follow their fathers’ professions
C.boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers
D.they like challenging activities
【小题2】. Which of the following is the author’s view on the historical development of toys?
A.The making skills in toys has remained essentially unchanged.
B.Toys have remained basically the same all through the centuries.
C.The toy industry has witnessed great improvement in technology in recent years.
D.Toys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a child’s character.
【小题3】. Regarded as a kind of art form, toys________.
A.follow a direct line of achievement
B.also appeal greatly to adults
C.are not characterized by technological progress
D.reflect the pace of social progress
【小题4】. The author uses the example of a rattle to show that________.
A.in toy-making there is a continuity in the use of materials
B.even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technology
C.it often takes a long time to introduce new technology into toy-making
D.even a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the time

There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.
  In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.
  What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing.In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的) peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.
Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent (进步). The progress from a rattle used by a baby in 3,000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.
【小题1】Which is a major factor leading to the different variations of toys?

A.Scientific advances and technological progress
B.Different local customs and lifestyles of different peoples
C.Craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology
D.The artistic tastes of the times and the limitations of available materials
【小题2】Why do boys and girls play with different kinds of toys?
A.Because they are intended for different social roles and responsibilities.
B.Because boys like to invent and girls imitate.
C.Because boys play with their fathers while girls their mothers.
D.Because they will take up different jobs when they grow up.
【小题3】One amazing aspect about the “universality of toys” is______.
A.They appeared all over the world almost at the same time in history.
B.They have not changed except in craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology.
C.Having existed for thousands of years, toys are still found all over the world today.
D.They are a kind of art form, which has been promoted by inventiveness.

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