题目内容

A psychologist once said,“If you’ve conquered every one of your fears, congratulations — you’re dead.”This humorous quote points to a simple truth — no one can escape fear completely.
However, fear can be a good thing. It is a natural, healthy reaction to danger. In fact, sometimes we are afraid of things that aren’t dangerous, such as public speaking, failing a test, or being rejected. These unhealthy fears can keep us from fulfilling our dreams. So how can we successfully face our fears?
First, admit what you fear and then share it with someone you trust. Perhaps you worry that others would look down on you if they know what you fear, but you might be surprised at how many other people share the same fears. Learning you are not the only one who fears something will give you self-esteem(自尊心) a push. Second, ask yourself,“What is the worst-case scenario（最坏的情况）?”This question can help you gain perspective（洞察力）.If you think about it, the worst might not be that bad, after all. Compared with the fear of losing a contest or being turned down, the regret of having missed opportunities can be even harder to bear. Even worse, you will never know what you might have accomplished. Finally, take small steps toward conquering your fears. If you fear public speaking, start by giving a small talk to a few people. If your talk doesn’t go well, try again. Each small success will increase your confidence and persistence is one of the keys to success.
You might never completely conquer your fear of certain things, but what is important is that you can bring yourself to do what you fear. True bravery is feeling afraid but doing what you have to do anyway. It’s also true that you struggle with fear and don’t let your fears stop you from getting the most out of life.
小题1:This passage mainly discusses     .
A．the harm of fear to successB．varieties of fear
C．ways to handle fearD．necessity of fear
小题2:In the writer’s opinion, what might be even worse than losing a contest?
A．Being turned down by others.
B．Forgetting what to say in public speaking.
C．Sharing ideas with others.
D．Missing an opportunity.
小题3:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A．Not everything we are afraid of is dangerous.
B．It’s encouraged to share your fear with others.
C．It’s difficult to overcome some fears.
D．What you fear should be worse than what you think.
小题4:It can be learned from the passage that a really courageous person     .
A．does what is necessary to do
B．always achieves what he or she wants
C．has no fear in his or her life
D．never loses a contest

小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:D
小题4:A

试题分析：本文叙述了每个人都有惧怕的心理，并且不能完全克服，那么怎样来处理恐惧心理呢?短文给出了一些建议，一是承认自己有恐惧的心理并且可以与自己相信的人一起分担；二是自问恐惧带来最坏的结果是什么?三是采取一些措施来克服恐惧的心理。
小题1:主旨大意题。根据So how can we successfully face our fears?全文内容可知主要叙述了如何处理恐惧的心理，故选C。
小题2:细节理解题。根据Compared with the fear of losing a contest or being turned down, the regret of having missed opportunities can be even harder to bear.错过机会比失去比赛更糟糕，故选D。
小题3:细节理解题。根据In fact, sometimes we are afraid of things that aren’t dangerous 我们害怕的事情并非都是危险的，选项A符合原文；then share it with someone you trust.和其他的人一起分享害怕，选项B符合原文；no one can escape fear completely.克服困难是相当难的，选项C符合原文；只有选项D没有提到，故选D。
小题4:细节理解题。根据True bravery is feeling afraid but doing what you have to do anyway. 勇敢的人去做不得不做的事情，故选A。
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As technology  47 our world, the need increases for cooperative action among nations. In 2003, doctors in five nations were quickly organized to identify the SARS virus, which  48 thousands of lives. The threat of international terrorism has shown itself to be a  49  problem, one requiring coordinated action by police and intelligence forces across the world’ We must recognize that our fates are not ours   50 to control.
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小题1:
A．wrongB．correctC．sameD．opposite
小题2:
A．passedB．greetedC．recognizedD．met
小题3:
A．believingB．thinkingC．admittingD．suggesting
小题4:
A．downB．offC．asleepD．sick
小题5:
A．endB．shockC．surpriseD．disaster
小题6:
A．apparentlyB．hardlyC．neverD．ever
小题7:
A．looksB．existsC．staysD．works
小题8:
A．levelB．placeC．momentD．length
小题9:
A．temporarilyB．simplyC．constantlyD．consciously
小题10:
A．independentlyB．respectivelyC．individuallyD．cooperatively
小题11:
A．strangersB．colleaguesC．parentsD．partners
小题12:
A．developsB．enlargesC．shrinksD．improves
小题13:
A．killedB．threatenedC．destroyedD．saved
小题14:
A．similarB．differentC．seriousD．widespread
小题15:
A．alikeB．aloneC．aliveD．along
小题16:
A．personalB．publicC．commonD．general
小题17:
A．ThereforeB．ThoughC．ButD．Thus
小题18:
A．friendsB．authoritiesC．othersD．oneself
小题19:
A．darkB．mainC．busyD．narrow
小题20:
A．enjoymentB．trustC．safetyD．encouragement
More than a third of the babies born this year could receive a 100th birthday message from whoever happens to be on the throne in the second decade of the 22nd century, according to figures published by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). It forecasts that 35% of the 826,000 people born in 2012 will live to become centenarians.
But a long life is not unalloyed good news. David Sinclair, head of policy and research at the International Longevity Centre UK, warned that for many the future may mean social isolation(隔离）as they live longer than friends and members of their families.
"It is of course good news that so many more people are living longer," he said, "but there is a big 'but1. We will be older, but in worse health, and at high risk of living alone. The other problem is that we are very poor at forward planning. We deal with the problems that are under our noses, but even problems two or three years away seem quite distant enough to put off.When you're talking about forecasts for a time half a century away and more, I see no evidence that we are putting in place the measures to deal with it."
This year there will be 14,500 centenarians in the UK, a number which is expected to increase to 110,000 in 2035.
Women have higher life expectancies than men at every age: the likelihood of a girl born this year reaching her century is estimated to be 39%; for boys the figure is 32%.
The estimated number of female centenarians has risen from 500 in 1961 to more than 10,000 in 2010，a figure which is projected to reach 71,000 by 2035 and 276,000 by 2060.
Men are also living far longer, although their numbers are far fewer. There were an estimated 92 male centenarians in 1961 and just below 2,000 in 2010.
小题1:The underlined word centenarians probably means people who_____.
A．are born this yearB．live longer than their friends
C．are in poor healthD．are a hundred or more years old
小题2:From what David Sinclair said, we can learn_____.
A．he doesn't believe so many people are living longer
B．the older we are, the more likely we are to live alone and in poor health
C．the people who are good at forward planning are likely to live longer
D．too distant planning is not always necessary for most of us
小题3:Which of the following statement is true?
A．About 289，100 people born in 2012 will live to 100.
B．More men will reach their century than women in the future.
C．The number of the female centenarians was 1,000 in 1970s
D．More than 600 people reached their century in 1961.
小题4:What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．A long life is not always good news.
B．A long life also means social and physical isolation
C．In the future, more people will live to 100 in the UK.
D．It is good to live to 100.
There are two dangers to be guarded against in old age. One of these is undue absorption in the past. It does not do to live in memories, in regrets for the good old days, or in sadness about friends who are dead. One’s thoughts must be directed to the future and to things about which there is something to be done.
It is unwise to be too attached to the youth in the hope of sucking vigor from its vitality. When your children are grown up they want to live their own lives, and if you continue to be as interested in them as you were when they were young, you are likely to become a burden to them, unless they are cold to you.
I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. It is in this sphere that long experience is really fruitful, and it is in this sphere that the wisdom born of experience can be exercised without being oppressive. It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education. But if you are one of those who are incapable of impersonal interests, you may find that your life will be empty unless you concern yourself with you children and grandchildren. In that case you must realize that while you can still render them material services, such as making them an allowance or knitting them jumpers, you must not expect that they will enjoy your company.
Some old people are afraid of death. But in fact the best way is to make your interests gradually wider and ore impersonal. An individual human existence should be like a river-small at fist, rushing passionately past rocks and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider and the banks move back and in the end they become mixed in the sea without any visible break.
The old man who can see life in this way will not suffer from the fear of growing old and death.
小题1:The author suggests that old people should_______.
A．develop impersonal interests with proper activities.
B．tell their children not to make mistakes
C．concern themselves with their children
D．not give their children an allowance
小题2:The underlined word “render” in Paragraph 3 is close to the meaning of  “_____”.
A．returnB．rewardC．offerD．demand
小题3:The author compares an individual human existence to a river because _____.
A．Life is like a river, first small, and then it becomes wide
B．life is like a river finally flowing into the sea
C．old age and death are both natural just like a river
D．old people will be mixed in the crowd like a river mixed in the sea
小题4:What’s the best title of this passage?
A．Setting Sun Is BeautifulB．Growing Old Successfully
C．Why Fear Getting OldD．Caring for Olds More
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Why should you go to college? One important answer to this question is more __16___. As opposed to generations of the past, high school graduates today are _17___ to get the number of high-paid jobs that were __18__ available. The U.S. has been changed from a manufacturing-based economy into an economy based on ___19_, and the importance of a college education today can be _20___ to that of a high school education forty years ago. It __21__ as the gateway to better choices and more opportunity.
There are __22_ reasons as to why it is important to go to college. When students _23__ a post-secondary education, they have the opportunity to read books and listen to the __24__ of top experts in their fields. It __25__ students to think, ask questions, and __26_ new ideas, which allows for additional growth and ___27_ and provides college graduates with an edge in the job market __28__ those who have not experienced a higher education.
The importance of a college education is also because of the opportunity to __29__ valuable resources. The more connections which are __30___ during your college career, the more _31___ you will have when you begin your job search. Once you have ended your job search and have started your career, ___32__, the importance of a college education has not been exhausted. Having a college degree often __33_ greater promotion opportunity.
So, why should you go to college? The reasoning does not begin and end with the _34___ aspect. A good education is __35__ from many different viewpoints, and while the importance of a college education is quite evident for many high school students, what is often not as clear is how they will pay for that education.
小题1:
A．timeB．freedomC．respectD．opportunity
小题2:
A．likelyB．unableC．afraidD．unwilling
小题3:
A．onceB．justC．neverD．also
小题4:
A．natureB．cultureC．knowledgeD．agriculture
小题5:
A．referredB．addedC．devotedD．compared
小题6:
A．followsB．servesC．unitesD．disappears
小题7:
A．additionalB．secretC．interestingD．financial
小题8:
A．discussB．ignoreC．experienceD．imagine
小题9:
A．storiesB．requestsC．suggestionD．lecture
小题10:
A．helpsB．encouragesC．forbidsD．advises
小题11:
A．designB．exploreC．changeD．refuse
小题12:
A．developmentB．paymentC．agreementD．experiment
小题13:
A．forB．overC．inD．with
小题14:
A．admireB．satisfyC．gainD．notice
小题15:
A．removedB．collectedC．explainedD．controlled
小题16:
A．inventionsB．choicesC．worriesD．salaries
小题17:
A．besidesB．thereforeC．howeverD．otherwise
小题18:
A．savesB．includesC．ensuresD．means
小题19:
A．lifeB．characterC．communicationD．job
小题20:
A．freeB．rareC．beneficialD．absent
Even when you’re extremely busy, you aren’t using your time with 100% efficiency. There are gaps in everyone’s schedule where they aren’t doing anything important. Even if your schedule has no gaps, there is probably lots of time when you aren’t working as fast or as effectively as you possibly could.
Why aren’t you completely efficient? It’s because time isn’t the limiting factor. If it were the limiting factor, people could work non-stop without breaks or any unproductive distractions (消遣). Instead, people, even those who are highly productive, need to take breaks, occasionally procrastinate (拖延) and slow down on tasks throughout the day.
The real and most important limiting factor for productivity is your energy levels to pay attention. Energy levels limit your productivity because when you’re tired, you can have enough time and still not get everything done. Your attention ability is also limited, because even if there are a million things that need to be done, you can only focus on one or two at a time.
You might not be able to insert another 4-5 hours into your schedule without making some sacrifices. But even extremely busy people can add an hour or two into their schedule without cancelling anything. The reason why it’s hard to “find time” isn’t a lack of time. It’s because you don’t have enough energy left to focus on something else that needs to fit into your day.
I first suspected time wasn’t the real problem during an extremely busy period in my life over a year ago. I was extremely busy, but at that time I still exercised regularly. I had daily to-do lists with over twenty items, and I still found time to exercise. However, after a few weeks off, due to illness, I stopped exercising. I was not busy by any standards, in fact, my schedule was incredibly light. Despite this free time, I found it hard to find time to exercise. It seemed to get pushed later and later into my schedule until it was gone. How can I explain this odd experience? I believe you have known it.
小题1:If someone can’t work with 100% efficiency, the most important limiting factor is ________.
A．a schedule without gapsB．breaks and distractions
C．the limited timeD．the limited energy
小题2:According to Paragraph 4, everyone, including the extremely busy people, can ________.
A．work without any rest
B．focus on many things at a time
C．find some more time in a day
D．do some exercise regularly
小题3:The writer gives the example of himself in the last paragraph in order to ________.
A．prove what the real limiting factor is
B．show us how busily he needs to work
C．explain how important a healthy body is
D．tell us what an odd experience he has
小题4:What is the best title of the passage?
A．Do You Really Lack Time?
B．How Can You Work Efficiently?
C．What Makes Your Energy Limited?
D．When Should You Do Exercise?
The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby. Almost from the moment it is born, the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother. During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large, warm, and soft object in its environment, particularly if that object also gives it milk. After a week or so, however, the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on “mother” ---- the real mother or the mother-substitute(母亲替代物）.
During the first two weeks of its warmth is perhaps the most important psychological（心理的） thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby. The Harlows, a couple who are both psychologists, discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes ---- one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire. If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature, the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother. However, if the wire model was heated, while the cloth model was cool, for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites. Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother
Why is cloth preferable to bare wire? Something that the Harlows called contact（接触的） comfort seems to be the answer, and a most powerful influence it is. Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers’ skins, putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can. Whenever the young animal is frightened, disturbed, or annoyed, it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body. Wire doesn’t“rub”as well as does soft wire cloth. Prolonged（长时间的）“contact comfort” with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk.
According to the Harlows, the basic quality of a baby’s love for its mother is trust. If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother, the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be. It screams in terror and curls up into a fury little ball. If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom, the bay rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life. After a few minutes of contact comfort, it obviously begins to feel more secure. It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace（拥抱）as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well. Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding on to its “mother.” 
50. Psychologically, what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two weeks of its life?
A. Warmth     B. Milk     C. Contact         D. Trust
小题1:After the first two weeks of their life, baby moneys prefer the cloth mother to the wire mother because the former is __.
A．larger in sizeB．closer to them
C．less frightening and less disturbingD．more comfortable to rub against
小题2:What does the baby monkey probably gain from prolonged “contact comfort”?
A．AttentionB．SoftnessC．ConfidenceD．Interest
小题3:It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure,_____________.
A．it frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toys
B．it spends more time screaming to get rewards
C．it is less attracted to the toys though they are interesting
D．it cares less about whether its mother is still around
小题4:The main purpose of the passage is to______________.
A．give the reasons of the experiment
B．present the findings of the experiment
C．introduce the method of the experiment
D．describe the process of the experiment
“No man is an island” is a well-known line from John Donne’s Devotion. It was written more than three hundred years ago. Even now people still agree with him. No one can live a completely lonely life. Without other people, life will become empty and sad. We all need to have friends.
For some of us, although making friends is not difficult, feeling shy, we may not want to make the first move. It is also difficult at times to keep the friends we already have.
There are many books about friendship, but Dale Carnegie’s How to Win Friends and Influence People, written in 1936, is the most famous. This “how to” book about getting along with other people became a best seller. It was later put into 28 languages.
Dale Carnegie’s advice seems to be simple, but can his advice help you? Do you need to change the way you act? Here is the list of advice from his book:
Be friendly and polite.
Always greet with a smile. Begin with “Excuse me” or “Would you please” when you want to ask somebody. Remember to say “Thank you” and try to be as helpful as you can.
Go out of your way to be nice.
Find some time to do special things for other people. Making some soup for a sick neighbour may seem like a little thing to you, but it will make your neighbor feel a lot better.
Remember names.
They say that the sweetest music to a person’s ears is the sound of his or her own name.
Be open-minded.
Try to understand other people’s ways and ideas and learn something from them.
Listen patiently.
When someone is talking to you, look at him or her, listen carefully and say something when necessary.
小题1:The underlined sentence “No one can live a completely lonely life.” means “_____”.
A．No one can live a hard life.B．No one can live without difficulty.
C．No one can live alone.D．No one can live on an island.
小题2:The best title for the passage should be _______________.
A．How to Make FriendsB．A Famous Book
C．Friendship FirstD．John Donne and Dale Carnegie
小题3:Some of us find it not easy to make friends because _____________.
A．we are afraid of making bad friends
B．we are shy to take the first action
C．we feel sure that we already have enough friends
D．we feel worried that we won’t be able to keep our friends
小题4:We can learn from the passage that ________________.
A．John Donne learned something from Dale Carnegie
B．Friends are always friends
C．Few people bought Carnegie’s book
D．The writer of this passage agrees with John Donne and Dale Carnegie
小题5:Which of the following is not talked about in Carnegie’s book?
A．Say “Excuse me” before you ask.
B．Don’t visit your neighbors too often.
C．Think more about others.
D．People enjoy hearing their own names.
Michael Jordan told me not to mention this until the season was over and I promised him at that time. Now I think it’s time.
Early last season, I wrote a column about an act of kindness I had seen Jordan do to a disabled child outside the Stadium. After it ran ,I got a call from a man in the western suburbs. He said, “I read what you wrote about Jordan, but I thought I should tell you another thing I saw.” Here it comes, I thought. It always does. Write something nice about a person, and people call you up to say that the person is not so nice.
A few weeks later Jordan and I were talking about something else before a game, and I brought up what the man had said. Was the man right? Has Jordan really been talking to those two boys in that poor and dirty neighborhood?
“Not two boys,” Jordan said, “but four.”
And he named them. He said four names.
And what did they talk about?
“Everything,” Jordan said. “I’ve asked to see their grades so that I can check whether they’re paying attention to their schoolwork. If it turns out one or two of them may need teaching, I make sure they get it.”
It’s just one more part of Michael Jordan’s life, one more thing that no one knows about, one more thing Jordan does right. The NBA season is over now, and those boys have their memories. So do I! When the expert reviewers begin to turn against Jordan, as they surely will, I’ll think about those boys under the streetlight, waiting for the man they know to come, for someone they can depend on.
小题1:That man called after reading about what Jordan did to a disabled child because he wanted to ____.
A．become famous himself
B．know why Jordan appeared in a poor area
C．let the author know that Jordan was not that nice
D．offer another example to show that Jordan was a nice man
小题2:What can we learn from this passage?
A．Jordan is not such a great person.
B．Jordan deserves the admiration he had from others.
C．Jordan is always ready to make friends with young people.
D．Jordan is always misunderstood by expert reviewers.
小题3:What does the underlined word “ran” probably mean?
A．Published.B．Finished.C．Disappeared.D．Drove
小题4: Which of the following is NOT the reason why the author wrote this passage? 
A．He would like to keep the promise he had made.
B．He thought it was time to help the disabled children.
C．He hated to see Jordan become someone else’s target.
D．He was impressed by Jordan’s deeds for the ordinary poor.
小题5: What’s the purpose of the writer writing the passage?
A．to show us the life of Jordan
B．to tell us everybody will make mistakes including Jordan
C．to criticize Jordan
D．to defend Jordan against attack

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