题目内容

While Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor（监控器）a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.
Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer’s Los Angeles apartment, the monitor in Phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked - remotely - to prevent Internet searches , and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? Or was she slowing down?
In the battle against cheating, this is the cutting edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. The technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid - that students haven’t just searched the Internet to get the right answers.
Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of "open online courses." Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.
Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students’ identities using personal information, such as the telephone number they once used.
Other programs can produce unique exam by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test question are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating

  1. 1.

    Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?

    1. A.
      To correct her typing mistakes
    2. B.
      To find her secrets in the room
    3. C.
      To prevent her from slowing down
    4. D.
      To keep her from dishonest behaviors
  2. 2.

    The underlined expression cutting edge in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to______

    1. A.
      advanced technique
    2. B.
      sharpening tool
    3. C.
      effective rule
    4. D.
      dividing line
  3. 3.

    For Internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid if _____

    1. A.
      they can attract potential students
    2. B.
      they can defeat academic cheating
    3. C.
      they offer students online help
    4. D.
      they offer many online courses
  4. 4.

    Some programs can find out possible cheaters by _____

    1. A.
      checking the question answering speed
    2. B.
      producing a large number of question
    3. C.
      scanning the Internet test question
    4. D.
      giving difficult test question
  5. 5.

    Which of the following is the best title of this passage?

    1. A.
      The Advantages of Online Exams
    2. B.
      The High-tech Methods in Online Courses
    3. C.
      The Fight against Cheating in Online Education
    4. D.
      The War against the Booming of Online Education
DABAC
1.细节理解题根据第二段倒数第二句"and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? "可从本句得知监控Jennifer的原因是为了确保她不作弊。故选D，就是不诚实的行为。属于上下义重现。
2.猜词题根据a key to encourage 以及下一句的 the technology 可以知道答案。cutting edge与key是并列关系，同时二者都可以做到鼓励诚实行为。前面this所指代的为上文中提到的防作弊科学技术，由此得知cutting edge应该为advanced technique。
3.细节理解题根据第三段 Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid -that students haven't just searched the Internet to get the right answers.可以得出答案。属于原词重现。本解析为学科网名师解析团队原创，授权学科网独家使用，如有盗用，依法追责！
4.细节理解题根据最后一段的第一句" Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones. "可知正确选项为A。此题易错选BD。
其实选项A包含了BD选项内容。通过生成大量的有难也有易的问题，然后通过比较答题速度。属于原词重现。
5.主旨大意标题题文章主题句位于第三段第一句"In the battle against cheating, this is the cutting edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education."可得知本文主要讨论网络课程的防作弊问题，故选C。此外，文章多次出现cheating，属于原词重现。
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Text messaging, or simply “texting”, with allows people to send and receive messages on mobile phones, becomes very popular today.
The advantages of texting are obvious. Texting helps to save money. If you have a few words to greet your families and friends on their birthdays or on some important festivals, sending messages can be cheaper than phone calling. Texting helps to save time. Even if you want to send a message to 100 people, you can do it one second. Texting helps you to “talk” to someone when he is too busy to answer the phone. Texting can also help you to “talk” to someone secretly if you don’t want others to hear what you are talking on the phone. These advantages are so amazing that many people are crazy about it. They hold mobile phones in hands all day long, send dozens of messages each day, and even text while driving or walking.
However, texting has its disadvantages. Junk messages may come into your mobile phone box now and then. When your phone box gets too full, you can’t receive any more messages. You may therefore miss some important information.
What’s more, if you don’t do texting properly, for example texting while driving or walking, it can be dangerous. It can cause injuries and even death. It was reported that about 6,000 people were killed and half a million were injured for this reason each year. In Fort Lee, a small town in New Jersey, USA, three people died because they walked into traffic while texting in 2011. Two researchers at Stony Brook University, New York found that texters are 60% more probably to have an accident than others. When people are texting, they don’t notice other people or things around them. To reduce traffic accidents, all drivers of the UN are now not allowed to text while driving. About 32 countries have passed laws restricting the use of mobile phones while driving.
Texting is a wonderful way of communication. However, only when we use it properly, can we fully enjoy the fun it brings

  1. 1.

    How many advantages of texting are mentioned in the passage?

    1. A.
      Two
    2. B.
      Three
    3. C.
      Four
    4. D.
      Five
  2. 2.

    What did the researchers at Stony Brook University find?

    1. A.
      Texters are easier to have an accident
    2. B.
      Texting is a good way of communication
    3. C.
      6,000 people were killed and injured
    4. D.
      Many people text to greet families and friends
  3. 3.

    The underlined word restricting probably means______.

    1. A.
      not telling
    2. B.
      not allowing
    3. C.
      enjoying
    4. D.
      making
  4. 4.

    This passage is written to tell us that______.

    1. A.
      we should do less texting
    2. B.
      texting has many advantages
    3. C.
      texting is better than phone calling
    4. D.
      we should do texting properly

“Homestay is a form of study abroad program. It allows the visitor to rent a room from a local(当地的) family to better understand the local lifestyle. It also helps to improve the visitor’s language ability,” said a teacher during a school meeting last term. “Students who wish to learn more about foreign cultures or to get foreign experience should join this kind of holiday. I am sure you won’t be disappointed.”
After this special meeting, I always thought about this kind of holiday. Last month, I had a chance at last to go on such a holiday with some of my schoolmates and we went to London, a place where I had wanted to go since years ago.
As we were still young, we had a group leader who planned things for us and looked after us. After we got to London, we went to stay with different families. I was lucky that my host family(寄宿家庭) was a white couple who had a daughter about my age. They treated me as a daughter of their family during my stay there. They were interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from them, too.
The holiday was filled with activities every day. After breakfast, a local teacher would come to take us in his car. Then we would have classes or go on a sight-seeing trip to different places of interest like the Big Ben, the London Bridge, and the Buckingham Palace. We would go back to our own homes after the activities.
The holiday was a valuable experience for me. I enjoyed every minute of it. Yet, time really flew fast. Three weeks later, we had to leave “home” for Hong Kong

  1. 1.

    In the “homestay” program, a visitor can _____

    1. A.
      learn more about holidays
    2. B.
      understand his culture better
    3. C.
      improve the language ability
    4. D.
      take part in foreign meetings
  2. 2.

    The writer had wanted to visit London since _______

    1. A.
      last month
    2. B.
      a long time ago
    3. C.
      the special meeting
    4. D.
      her stay abroad
  3. 3.

    The writer’s host family ______

    1. A.
      was very kind to her
    2. B.
      went sight-seeing with her
    3. C.
      had two white daughters
    4. D.
      was interested in her activities
  4. 4.

    From the passage, we know that the writer ______ in London

    1. A.
      wished to stay a little longer
    2. B.
      had a wonderful time
    3. C.
      had classes in many interesting places
    4. D.
      helped the teacher take the students in a car

It’s a natural phenomenon. The minute you think you want to buy something new, you go online to read reviews about it. Not only is this done with shopping, it’s also done for movies to see , restaurants to go to and almost everything that is worth having an opinion on. The concept of writing down a review for all to see is something that has caused the birth of reviews sites. These are sites where people post reviews on other people, services, businesses, products and more.
In some cases you have professionals do the review and in some other cases you will have the average person write it up. Review sites have a number of ways in which they can gain revenue for themselves in the form of advertising. In some cases, a business can pay his way through to a better listing spot. This does not mean that a positive review will be promoted where it is not warranted (担保).
Review sites are largely a public forum and it is not necessary for people to reveal their identity. Since people are anonymous (匿名的) and sign up access is open to all, there are chances that reviews will be planted or will be negatively written simply to discredit a particular product or service.
There is a lot of criticism towards these websites since they do nothing to control the kind of entries made or the source of these entries. On the other hand, there are professional review sites. These people are accountable for each of their reviews. Any doubts you have will be addressed personally by the one writing the review. Such sites work on much better principles allowing for a fair opinion.
Considering they have a better reputation, they are aware of some the latest products that are released worldwide. This gives you a better chance of finding reviews of the latest product. While a review site will help you narrow down your choice, it by no means should influence your final decision. That is based entirely on the way you see fit

  1. 1.

    Nowadays, before buying something, people usually ________

    1. A.
      ask the opinion of others
    2. B.
      surf famous review sites
    3. C.
      ignore topics of review sites
    4. D.
      read reviews on the Internet
  2. 2.

    The underlined word “revenue” in Paragraph 2 probably means”______”

    1. A.
      the announcement posted by sites
    2. B.
      the income earned from sales or services
    3. C.
      the freedom of writing reviews
    4. D.
      the program made by advertisement companies
  3. 3.

    What do we know about the professional reviews sites?

    1. A.
      The reviews on the sites are written mainly by professors
    2. B.
      Those who write the reviews on the sites are serious sometimes
    3. C.
      The reviewer addresses your doubt personally for you
    4. D.
      The reviewers on the sites are ready to write to you if you like
  4. 4.

    This passage was written mainly to tell us________

    1. A.
      to make good use of review sites
    2. B.
      to consult something with reviewers
    3. C.
      not to make a decision before reading reviews
    4. D.
      not to believe some review sites

John Russell, aged 83, got on a Chicago bus and saw a sign saying that senior citizens(老年公民) could ride (or take buses) for half fare(费用). When he dropped his three quarters in the box, the driver demanded (or asked for) identification(身份证明). John took out an ID card. “You need a special CTA card,” said the driver. John did not have the Chicago Transit Authority(交通管理署) card because he lives in New York and was in Chicago visiting his two sons.
“Put in another three quarters,” said the driver, “or get off the bus.”
One privilege(专利;特权) of old age is being stubborn (固执). John said, “ Give me back my quarters, and I'll get off.”
“I can’t — it’s in the box. If you don’t get off, I’ll call the police,” said he, which he did. Two police cars pulled up.
“I’m the criminal(罪犯),” said John Russell. Then he and the driver told their stories.
“That’s what you called me for?” one policeman asked the driver. Another police¬man then said to John, “I'll give you three quarters.”
John shook his head, “Why should you give me the quarters? He has to give me my quarters.”
“Where are you going?” asked the policemen.
“Downtown to have lunch with friends,” John said.
“Come on,” the policemen said. “We’ll get you your card.” So they took him down¬town to the CTA office. But the people there wouldn’t give him a CTA card --- he needed a picture.
“What about his quarters?” one policeman asked. The officials discussed, and the decision was made to give John’s quarters back.
When John got downstairs, the policemen asked where he was going.
“To see my friends,” John said.
“How are you going to get there?”
“On the bus. And all I’m going to pay is 75 cents.”
“Good luck,” the policemen said.
John got on a bus, dropped three quarters in the box, and said, “I’m a senior citizen...” The driver looked at John and nodded. He didn’t know how lucky he was to be a sensible(通情达理的)man

  1. 1.

    With a Chicago Transit Authority card _____

    1. A.
      men of authority(权威) can ride on a bus for half fare
    2. B.
      senior citizens can pay only half fare for a bus ride
    3. C.
      men of authority can ride on a bus paying only three quarters
    4. D.
      senior citizens can pay only three quarters for a bus ride
  2. 2.

    John Russell needs a special CTA card most probably because ______

    1. A.
      he is not a senior citizen
    2. B.
      he is not a citizen of Chicago
    3. C.
      he is only visiting his two sons
    4. D.
      he has lost his ID card
  3. 3.

    The decision made by the CTA office was ______

    1. A.
      to give John a CTA card then and there
    2. B.
      to refuse to give John's quarters back
    3. C.
      to return the three quarters to John
    4. D.
      to declare that John was a criminal
  4. 4.

    The second driver let John ride on his bus because ______

    1. A.
      now John produced his CTA card
    2. B.
      he knew John was a very difficult man
    3. C.
      he was kind enough to help the aged
    4. D.
      the policemen were with John
  5. 5.

    The suitable title for the above passage is ______

    1. A.
      Giving No Quarters
    2. B.
      Giving No More Quarters
    3. C.
      A Sensible Driver
    4. D.
      A Senior Citizen

Many people in the world live in big cities, which are often dirty and difficult places to live. So, some cities will get bigger. They will also get higher, and lower, because people will begin to live under the ground as well as in tall buildings. Scientists also say that men can begin to live in cities under the sea, when there is not enough space on the land. Of course, these new cities will be very expensive, and difficult to build, but they are not impossible. Already, some countries are building places to live under the ground so their people can go there if there is a new war. There are underground cities in Switzerland（瑞士）and China, built by the government（政府）to help some of the people live during a great war. 
But will people change if they live under the ground for a long time？For example some fish go blind if they live in the dark sea for a long time. People will not go blind, because there will be light underground, but they may change in some way. Scientists say that people who live in cities today are losing their senses of smell, touch and taste. They can’t smell the dirty air, they can’t taste the chemicals（化学制剂）in their food. These senses are not as strong as before, when people lived in the country and grew their own food. The city has changed that. What will the underground city change in everyone？

  1. 1.

    People will live under the ground because _________．

    1. A.
      it’s neither hot nor cold there
    2. B.
      they’ll be afraid of the war
    3. C.
      there’ll be less space on the ground
    4. D.
      they’ll make their life comfortable
  2. 2.

    Some countries try to build some places under the ground so that people will be able to live there _____．

    1. A.
      when summer comes
    2. B.
      when a war breaks out
    3. C.
      because they think it’ll be safer for them
    4. D.
      when they’re fed up with the life on the land
  3. 3.

    _________, so people who will live there won’t go blind．

    1. A.
      There’ll be enough light under the ground
    2. B.
      It’ll be easy to go upstairs
    3. C.
      Glasses will be sold under the ground
    4. D.
      Medicine will be supplied for free
  4. 4.

    People will lose some senses under the ground because _______．

    1. A.
      the world are polluted
    2. B.
      it’s dark there
    3. C.
      the air is dirty and there are a lot of chemicals in their food
    4. D.
      they can’t grow their own food in the sun

Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants Produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as Bugs and bees.
Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by Hungry insets, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the Attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away ——or even  Chemicals that attract the bugs’ natural enemies.
Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical Sensor（传感器）called an electronic nose. The “e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make When they’re attacked Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being Eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual Plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens than can house Thousands of plants.
The research team worked with an e-nose than recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.
To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop, These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch（打孔器）. The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on The volatile compounds they produce, It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage ---- by insects or with a hole Punch ---- had been done to the tomato leaves.
With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future

  1. 1.

    We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by____

    1. A.
      making some sounds
    2. B.
      waving their leaves
    3. C.
      producing some chemicals
    4. D.
      sending out electronic signals
  2. 2.

    What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?

    1. A.
      They presented it with all common crops
    2. B.
      They fixed 13 sensors inside the device
    3. C.
      They collected different damaged leaves
    4. D.
      They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves
  3. 3.

    According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can___

    1. A.
      pick out ripe fruits
    2. B.
      spot the insects quickly
    3. C.
      distinguish different damages to the leaves
    4. D.
      recognize unhealthy tomato leaves
  4. 4.

    We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_____

    1. A.
      is unable to tell the smell of flowers
    2. B.
      is not yet used in greenhouses
    3. C.
      is designed by scientists at Purdue
    4. D.
      is helpful in killing harmful insects

A purple tomato genetically engineered to contain nutrients more commonly seen in dark berries helped cancer in mice, British researchers said on Sunday. The finding, published in the journal Nature Biotechnology, bolsters the idea that plants can be genetically modified(changed) to make people healthier.
Cancer-prone mice fed the modified fruit lived significantly longer than animals fed a standard diet with and without regular tomatoes, Cathie Martin and colleagues at
the government-funded John Innes Center in Britain reported. “The effect was much bigger than we had expected.” said Martin, a plant biologist.
The study focused on anthocyanins，a type of antioxidant found in berries such as blackberries and blackcurrants that have been shown to lower risk of cancer, heart diseases and some neurological diseases. While an easy way to improve health, many people don’t eat enough of these fruits, the researchers said. Using genes from the snapdragon flower, the researchers discovered they could get the tomatoes to make anthocyanins---- turning the tomato purple in the process.
Mice genetically engineered to develop cancer lived an average of 182 days when they were fed the purple tomatoes, compared to 142 days for animals on the standard diet. “It is greatly encouraging to believe that by changing diet, or specific components in the diet. You can improve health in animals and possibly humans.” Martin said in a telephone interview.
The researchers warned that trials in humans are a long way off and the next step is to investigate( look into) how the antioxidants actually affect the tumors to promote better health. But the findings do support the formal research suggesting that people can significantly improve their health by making simple changes to the daily diet, other researchers said.
“It’s exciting to see new techniques that could potentially make healthy foods even better for us.” said Doctor Lara Bennett, science information office at Cancer Research UK. “ But it is too early to say whether anthocyanins obtained through diet could help to reduce the risk of cancer.”

  1. 1.

    The text mainly tells us _________

    1. A.
      what can prevent people from having cancer
    2. B.
      Scientists have developed cancer- fighting tomato
    3. C.
      ways to live much longer have been found by scientists
    4. D.
      genetically engineered food is good for people’s health
  2. 2.

    In the first paragraph the underlined word “ bolster” probably means _______

    1. A.
      change
    2. B.
      reduce
    3. C.
      support
    4. D.
      test
  3. 3.

    Which of the following was NOT the result found in the study?

    1. A.
      Blackberries and blackcurrants can lower risk of cancer
    2. B.
      The anthocyanins can make the purple tomatoes grow stronger
    3. C.
      Genes from snapdragon flowers can be put into common tomatoes
    4. D.
      Mice fed the modified fruit lived longer than the common ones
  4. 4.

    According to Dr. Lara Bennett, the effects of anthocyanins through diet on human being________

    1. A.
      are not certain now
    2. B.
      have been proved
    3. C.
      are very harmful
    4. D.
      are hard to be tested

The hardworking blacksmith(铁匠) Jones used to work all day in his shop and so hard working was he that at times he would make the sparks fly from his hammer.
The son of Mr. Smith, a rich neighbor, used to come to see the blacksmith everyday and for hours and hours he would enjoy himself watching how the blacksmith worked. "Young man, why don't you try to learn to make shoe tacks（鞋钉）, even if it is only to pass the time?" said the blacksmith. "Who knows, one day, it may be of use to you." The lazy boy began to see what he could do. But after a little practice he found that he was becoming very skilled and soon he was making some of the finest tacks.
Old Mr. Smith died and the son because of the war lost all his goods. He had to leave home and settled down in another country. It so happened that in this village there were many shoemakers who were spending a lot of money to buy tacks for their shoes and even at times when they paid high prices they were not always able to get what they wanted, because in that part of the country there was a high demand for soldiers' shoes.
Our young Mr. Smith, who was finding it difficult to earn his daily bread, remembered that he had learned how to make tacks and had the sudden idea of making a bargain with the shoemakers. He told them that he would make the tacks if they would help to get him settled in his workshop. The shoemakers were only too glad of the offer. And after a while, Mr. Smith found that he was soon making the finest tacks in the village.
"How funny it seems," he used to say, "even making tacks can bring a fortune（财富）.”

  1. 1.

    From the passage, we can learn the young Mr. Smith became rich ______.

    1. A.
      by selling shoes
    2. B.
      by making shoe tacks
    3. C.
      with his father’s help
    4. D.
      by making bread
  2. 2.

    Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

    1. A.
      The young Mr. Smith’s father was very wealthy
    2. B.
      The young Mr. Smith was lazy before learning to make shoe tacks
    3. C.
      The shoemakers offered him a working place to make shoe tacks
    4. D.
      The shoemakers were unwilling to buy the young Mr. Smith’s tack
  3. 3.

    What can we learn from the young Mr. Smith’s success?

    1. A.
      It is no use crying over the spilt milk
    2. B.
      A friend in need is a friend indeed
    3. C.
      All roads lead to Rome
    4. D.
      Seeing is believing
  4. 4.

    What is the right order of the events related to the young Mr. Smith?
    a. He was born in a rich family.
    b. He became rich by selling tacks.
    c. His father died and he became poor.
    d. He was asked to learn to make shoe tacks.
    e. He settled in another country

    1. A.
      a-d-c-e-b
    2. B.
      a-d-b-c-e
    3. C.
      b-d-c-e-a
    4. D.
      b-d-a-e-c

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