Are We Grown up Yet? Study says not till 26 Most Americans believe someone isn't grown up until age 26, probably with a completed education, a full-time job, a family to support and financialindepende 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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Are We Grown up Yet? Study says not till 26

　　Most Americans believe someone isn't grown up until age 26, probably with a completed education, a full-time job, a family to support and financial（经济的）independence, a survey said. But they also believe that becoming an official grown-up is a process that takes five years from about the age of 20, concluded the report from the University of Chicago's National Opinion Research Center. The findings were based on a representative sample of 1 398 people over age 18 surveyed in person in 2002. The survey found the following ages at which people expect the changes to grown-ups to be completed: Age 20.9 self-supporting; 21.1 no longer living with parents; 21.2 full-time job; 22.3 education complete; 24.5 being able to support a family financially; 25.7 married; and 26.2 having a child.“It is generally accepted by social groups on the relative importance of the seven changes,”said Tom Smith, director of the survey. The only disagreement is on views about supporting a family, having a child and getting married.“Older adults and the widowed and married regard these as more important than younger adults,”he added.“This probably reflects in large part a change in values across generations away from traditional family values.”The most valued step toward reaching adulthood, the survey found, was completing an education, followed by full-time employment, supporting a family, financial independence, living marriage and parenthood.

(1) What is mainly discussed in this passage?

[　　]

A．The American official grown-ups.

B．The argument about American grown-ups.

C．The time when Americans grow up.

D．Relations between American parents and children.

(2) The most important step in .growing up is ________.

[　　]

A．getting a full-time job

B．finishing education

C．supporting a family

D．getting married

(3) When is the second important step in growing up completed?

[　　]

A．21.2.

B．20.9.

C．24.5.

D．26.2.

(4) Who take the results of the survey less seriously?

[　　]

A．Widows.

B．Older adults.

C．Married people.

D．Younger people.

答案：C;B;A;D
解析：

(1) C；概括题。全文讨论美国人何时算是长大成人。由首句主题句得出。

(2) B；完成学业是最重要的一步。由The most valued step toward reaching adulthood…was completing an education得出。

(3) A；归纳题。排在第二的是full-time employment，再看找到工作的时间，是21.2岁。

(4)D；细节题。由Older adults and the widowed and married regard these as more important than younger adults 得出。

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World Health Report 2002

The life expectancy (平均寿命) of people around the world could increase by five to ten years if action against common health risks (冒险，风险) is taken．This is one of the findings in this year’s World Health Report released (发布) recently by the World Health Organization．The report is called “Reducing Risks，Promoting (促进) Life”．

Researchers found that ten major threats to good health are common around the world．The chief of the World Health Organization，Gro Harlem Brundtland，called them the ten leading killers．They include unsafe sex，poor nutrition (营养)，high blood pressure，use of tobacco and alcohol，unsafe water and unclean living conditions．Also included are high levels of dangerous fat in the blood，indoor smoke from solid fuels，a lack of iron in the body and too much body weight，or obesity (肥胖)．Together，these ten health risks make up forty percent of the fifty-six million deaths worldwide each year．

Doctor Brundtland called for reducing the ten main health risks by twenty-five percent within ten years．If this were done，life expectancy in industrial countries could increase by ten years．In developing countries，it could increase by five years．

Currently (通常地)，the number of life years lost because these health risks differ around the world．Doctor Brundtland says the differences these health risks create between rich and poor nations are shocking (骇人听闻的)．For example，about one-hundred-seventy-million children in poor countries are underweight. They do not weigh enough because they do not get enough food. However, more than one thousand millionお adults around the world are too fat. These people are mostly in rich, industrial countries.

Doctor Brundtland warns that the cost of inaction is serious. For example, she says nine million deaths a year linked to smoking will be reported by two-thousand–twenty if steps are not taken soon. Currently, about five millionお people die each year from diseases related to smoking.

Doctor Brundtland says that AIDS (艾滋病) and the HIV virus (艾滋病病毒) are having a huge effect on the length of life in Africa. Currently, life expectancy at birth in southern Africa is forty-seven years. The WHO estimates (估计) that ninety-five percent of HIV infections (感染) in Africa were caused by unsafe sex. She says there is an urgent need for sex education and the use of condom devices (孕器具) to prevent the spread of HIV.

Judge the following sentences true (T) or false (F).

1.It is certain that life expectancy of people around the world could increase by five to ten years in future.

1.　　 Most of the deaths worldwide each year are due to (由于) the ten leading killers such as unsafe sex, poor nutrition, high blood pressure and so on.

3.From the passage, we can infer that so far people haven’t dealt with smoking effectively.

4.The length of life in Africa is affected most by AIDS.

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World Health Report 2002

Doctor Brundtland warns that the cost of inaction is serious. For e\xample, she says nine million deaths a year linked to smoking will be reported by two-thousand–twenty if steps are not taken soon. Currently, about five millionお people die each year from diseases related to smoking.

Judge the following sentences true (T) or false (F).

1.It is certain that life expectancy of people around the world could increase by five to ten years in future.

1.　　 Most of the deaths worldwide each year are due to (由于) the ten leading killers such as unsafe sex, poor nutrition, high blood pressure and so on.

3.From the passage, we can infer that so far people haven’t dealt with smoking effectively.

4.The length of life in Africa is affected most by AIDS.

When older honeybees take on tasks usually handled by younger bees, aging of their brains is effectively

changed, a new study finds. The discovery suggests that in humans, social involvement ought to be considered

in addition to drugs as a way to treat age-related dementia(痴呆).

“We knew from previous research that when bees stay in the nest and take care of larvae—the bee

babies---they remain mentally able as long as we observe them,” explained Gro Amdam, who led the research

at Arizona State University. “However, after a period of nursing, bees fly out gathering food and begin aging

very quickly.”

“After just two weeks, foraging(觅食的)bees have worn wings, hairless bodies, and more importantly,

lose the brain function—-basically measured as the ability to learn new things,” Amdam said in a statement.

Amdam and his colleagues wanted to find out what would happen if they “asked” the foraging bees to

take care of larval babies again. To find out, they removed younger nurse bees from a nest, leaving the older

foraging bees to face a choice: forage or care for the larvae. Some of the older returned to searching for food,

and others switched to caring for the nest and larvae. After ten days, about fifty percent of the older bees that

had chosen to care for the nest and larvae had “greatly improved their ability to learn new things.”

The researchers also discovered changes in the proteins in the brains of the bees whose learning ability had

improved. One of the proteins that changed, called Prx6, is also found in humans and is known to help protect

against dementia.

“Maybe social involvement is something we can do today to help our brains stay younger,” Amdam says.

“Since the proteins being researched in people are the same proteins bees have, these proteins may be able to

respond to specific social experiences.”

Other studies have shown several non-drug methods can help improve brainpower in older people,

including going for walks and taking music lessons.

The findings, announced this week, are detailed in the journal Experimental Gerontology.

81．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to? （No more than 5 words）

82．When do the brains of older bees age very fast? （No more than 9 words）

83．What is Amdam’s suggestion for old people to prevent dementia? （No more than 6 words）

84．What is the best title for the text? （No more than 6 words）

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