A friend of mine was fond of drawing horse. He drew the horses very well, but he always began the tail. Now it is the Western rule to begin at the head of the horse, that is why I was surprised. It struck me that it could not really make any difference whether the artist begins at the head or the tail or the belly(肚子) or the foot of the horse, if he really knows his business. And most great artists who really know their business do not follow other people's rule. They make their own rules. Every one of them does his work in a way peculiar( 奇特的) to himself; and the peculiarity means only that he finds it more easy to work in that way.
Now the very same thing is true to literature. And the question, "How shall I begin?" only means that you want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail or somewhere else. That is, you are not yet experienced enough to trust to your own powers. When you become more experienced you will never ask the question, and I think that you will often begin at the tail -- that is to say, you will write the end of the story before you have even thought of the beginning.
【小题1】A friend of the writer's drew the horses ____.

A.very well
B.in the way of western rule
C.in the way of his own rule
D.all of the above
【小题2】The writer was surprised because ____.
A.the artist began to draw at the head of the horse
B.the artist began to draw at the tail of the horse
C.the artist made his own rule
D.the artist did not follow other people's rule
【小题3】You are not yet experienced because ____.
A.you don't know where to begin
B.you want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail
C.you always asked question
D.you do not trust to your own powers
【小题4】when you become more experienced you will ____.
A.never ask question
B.often begin at the tail
C.should write the end of the story
D.should think of the beginning
【小题5】The topic of the passage is
A.How to draw a horse
B.How to write a story
C.How to make your own rules
D.Trust to your own powers

When his book Little Princes began, Conor Grennan was planning a year-long trip around the globe, a journey that began with a three-month volunteer service at the Little Princess Children’s Home, an orphanage (孤儿院)in Nepal.
Arriving there, Conor was immediately welcomed by all the children even though he had no previous experience in working with children. He quickly grew to love the job. But it wasn’t long before Conor came to learn that the children were not orphans at all—they were actually children who had been separated from their parents by a child trafficker (贩子).
This realization turned Conor’s global journey into a strong desire to try to find a way to reunite these children with their families. As a part of his efforts, Conor did a great amount of work when he was back in America. He started up a nonprofit organization called Next Generation Nepal (NGN), raising funds in order to buy a house in Nepal for another children’s home. Then, back in Nepal, he began a life-changing trip into remote villages.
It is really amazing to read about Conor communicating with the children and to read his descriptions of each of them. He made me truly care about the kids. I wanted them to be able to reunite with their families, too! Unfortunately, this was simply not possible for some of the children. But there were some lucky ones. Jagrit, for example, had thought for years that both his parents were dead. So, Conor was surprised when he visited Jagrifs village and was introduced to the boy’s father!
Conor successfully found many of the families of the children and also found his future wife while in Nepal.
【小题1】What do we know about Little Princess Children’s Home?

A.Many children ended there due to illegal trade.
B.The children in it are all orphans.
C.It is a worldwide profitable organization.
D.It has many branches all over Nepal.
【小题2】In order to help the children, Conor ______.
a. decided to remain single
b. set up the organization NGN
c. visited some remote villages
d. fought against child traffickers
e. gave up his plan to travel worldwide
A.a, b, dB.b, c, dC.b,c,eD.c,d,e
【小题3】It can be learned from the text that Conor Grennan______.
A.is a friend of the authorB.likes teaching very much
C.has already settled in NepalD.is the author of Little Princes

From the beginning of human history, wild animals provided food, clothing and sometimes medicine. We may not depend as much on wild animals now. But we hear about them every day. Americans use the names of animals in many ways. Automobile manufacturers(制造商) and gasoline companies especially like to use big cats to sell their products. They like lions, tigers and wildcats. When Americans say wildcat, they usually mean a lynx, an ocelot or a bobcat. All these cats attack quickly and fiercely. So wildcats represent something fast and fierce.
An early American use of the word wildcat was quite different. It was used to describe members of Congress(国会) who declared war on Britain in 1812. A magazine of that year said the wildcat congressmen went home. It said they were unable to face the responsibility of having involved their country in an unnecessary war.
Wildcat also has been used as a name for money in the 1800s. At that time, some states permitted banks to make their own money. One bank in the state of Michigan offered paper money with a picture of a wildcat on it. Some banks, however, did not have enough gold to support all the paper money they offered. So the money had little or no value. It was called a wildcat bill or a wildcat bank note. The banks who offered this money were called wildcat banks. A newspaper of the time said those were the days of wildcat money. It said a man might be rich in the morning and poor by night.
Wildcat then was also used for an oil well or gold mine that had almost no oil or gold in it. Dishonest developers would buy such property. Then they would sell it and leave town with the money. The buyers were left with worthless holes in the ground. Today, wildcat oil wells are in areas that are not known to have oil.
【小题1】 What is the main idea of the passage?

A.Wildcats and their stories.
B.Wildcats and their characters
C.Varieties of animal species.
D.Relationship between animal and humans.
【小题2】From the passage we can know that______.
A.wildcats represent the state of Michigan
B.the use of wildcat was not always the same
C.wildcats are the best friend of human beings
D.honest developers never buy wildcat oil wells
【小题3】 The underlines words “a lynx, an ocelot or a bobcat” in Paragraph 1 may refer to “      ”.
A. gasoline companies                    B. automobile manufacturers
C. names of wildcats                     D. brands of automobile
64. Which of the following would people like to have or trust according to the passage?
A. Wildcat congressmen.                  B. Wildcat oil wells.
C. Wildcat banks.                        D. Wildcat cars.
【小题4】 It can be inferred that during the days of wildcat money_________.
A.people couldn’t buy anything with the money
B.people didn’t know how to save money.
C.the rich invested too much on oil wells.
D.people complained and suffered a lot

From the beginning of human history, wild animals provided food, clothing and sometimes medicine. We may not depend so much on wild animals now. But we hear about them every day. Americans use the names of animals in many ways. Automobile manufacturers (制造商) and gasoline companies especially like to use big cats to sell their products. They like lions, tigers and wildcats. When Americans say wildcat, they usually mean a lynx, an ocelot or a bobcat. All these cats attack quickly and fiercely. So wildcats represent something fast and fierce.
An early American use of the word wildcat was quite different. It was used to describe members of Congress who declared war on Britain in 1812. A magazine of that year said the wildcat congressmen went home. It said they were unable to face the responsibility of having involved their country in an unnecessary war.
Wildcat also has been used as a name for money. At that time, some states permitted banks to make their own money. One bank in the state of Michigan offered paper money with a picture of a wildcat on it. Some banks, however, did not have enough gold to support all the paper money they offered. So the money had little or no value. It was called a wildcat bill or a wildcat bank note.
The banks which offered this money were called wildcat banks. A newspaper of the time said those were the days of wildcat money. It said a man might be rich in the morning and poor by night.
Wildcat then was used for an oil well or gold mine that had almost no oil or gold in it. Dishonest developers would buy such property. Then they would sell it and leave town with the money. The buyers were left with worthless holes in the ground. Today, wildcat oil wells are in areas that are not known to have oil.
【小题1】What is the main idea of the passage?

A.Wildcats and their stories. B.Wildcats and their characters.
C.Varieties of animal species.D.Relationship between animals and humans.
【小题2】From the passage we can know that ______.
A.wildcats represent the state of Michigan.
B.the use of wildcats was not always the same
C.wildcats are the best friend of human beings
D.honest developers never buy wildcat oil wells
【小题3】The underlined words “a lynx, an ocelot or a bobcat”in Paragraph 1 may refer to ______.
A.gasoline companiesB.automobile manufacturers
C.names of wildcatsD.brands of automobile
【小题4】It can be inferred that during the days of wildcat money ______.
A.people couldn’t buy anything with the money
B.people didn’t know how to save money
C.the rich invested too much on oil wells
D.people complained and suffered a lot

The grandfather of Nell Trent owns a shop of odds and ends. He wants to make sure his grandfather is provided for when he dies. His memory of his daughter’s suffering and early death gives him a fear of poverty. Gambling(赌博) becomes an addiction for Nell’s grandfather, which results in his financial and physical ruin. Nell and her grandfather flee from their home and begin a journey that has no destination. For Nell, all she wants is a peaceful existence with enough to live on.

         They come across many interesting people on their travels and often meet with the kindness of strangers. Yet, in a colorful world, they also face the reality of the Industrial Revolution. From simple villages and fields of flowers, they go into a dirty city full of mass unemployment and plague (瘟疫) victims --- where children die of starvation and many are abandoned.

         The story isn’t only about Nell and her grandfather, but also the people who are connected to them directly or indirectly. There is Richard Swiveller, a careless young man who is a friend of Nell’s older brother, who wants Swiveller to marry Nell for the fortune he thinks she has. Daniel Quilp is a cruel moneylender, who manages to fool the grandfather into borrowing large sums of money from him. There is honest Kit, a boy employed at the shop, who becomes a victim even though he never harms other people. Kit desires to help Nell, whom he considers an angel that has always inspired the best in him. The mysterious Bevis Marks, who is a generous customer to some people and an enemy to others, also has his own reasons for looking after Nell and her grandfather.

         Unlike Dickens’ other works, The Old Curiosity Shop is a book of contrasts: the purity of Nell compared to the dishonesty of Quilp, fresh air and scenic villages to the polluted, stone-covered city, etc. Even people’s reaction to the book presented a cruel contrast. At first, Nell Trent was praised and considered Dickens’ best character. Later, she was criticized by many well-known people like Oscar Wilde. While characters in Dickens’ other books are moving towards a better future, Nell and her grandfather are fleeing for their life and their story is moving towards a sad ending. 

1.We can infer from the first two paragraphs that ___________.

A. Nell’s mother died young because of poverty

B. Nell’s grandfather made a fortune by gambling

C. Nell died of starvation during her journey

D. Nell had no one to turn to on her travels

2.What’s the third paragraph mainly about?

A. The plot (情节) of the story.                              B. The characters in the story.

C. The background of the story.                            D. The inspiration behind the story.

3.The Old Curiosity Shop is different from Dickens’ other works because it ___________.

A. is full of contrasts                                                B. has a surprise ending

C. reflects Dickens’ own life                                   D. is set in the Industrial Revolution

 

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