In Japan, “what’s your type?” is much more than small talk; it can be a more important question in everything from matchmaking to getting a job. By type, the Japanese mean blood type, and no amount of scientific debunking (揭穿) can kill a widely held belief that blood tells all.

In the year that just ended, four of Japan’s top 10 best-sellers were about how blood type determines personality, according to Japan’s largest book distributor, Tohan Co. Taku Kabeya, chief editor at Bungeisha, thinks the appeal comes from having one’s self-image confirmed; readers discover the definition of their blood type and “It’s like ‘Yes, that’s me!’“

As defined by the books, type As are sensitive perfectionists but overanxious; type Bs am cheerful but weird and selfish; Os are curious, generous but stubborn; and Abs are arty but mysterious and unpredictable. All that may sound like a horoscope(占星), but the public doesn’t seem to care. Nowadays matchmaking agencies provide blood-type compatibility (兼容性) tests, and some companies make decisions about assignments based on employees’ blood types. Children at some kindergartens are divided up by blood type, and the women’s softball team that won gold at the Beijing Olympics used the theory to customize each player’s training.

Blood types, determined by the proteins in the blood, have nothing to do with personality, said Satoru Kikuchi, associate professor of psychology at Shinshu University. “It’s simply false science, “he said, “The idea encourages people to judge others by the blood types, without trying to understand them as human beings. It’s like racism.” This use of blood-typing has disreputable (名声不好的) roots. The theory was imported from Nazi race ideologues (空谈家) and adopted by Japan’s militarist government in the 1930s to breed better soldiers. The idea was abandoned years later and the craze faded. It resurfaced in the 1970s, however, as Masahiko Nomi, a supporter with no medical background, gave the theory mass appeal. His son, Toshitaka now promotes it through a private group, the Human Science ABO Center, saying it’s not intended to rank or judge people but to smooth relationships and help make the best of one’s talents.

1. That many Japan’s best-sellers were about blood type implies ____________.

A. this topic is used by many people in small talks

B. Japanese attach great importance to blood type

C. people don’t want to have confirmed self-image

D. the definition of blood type leads to arguments

2. According to the passage, ________ may face more pressure while performing a task.

A. type As B. type Bs C. type Os D. type ABs

3. Kikuchi compared blood type determinism to racism because ______________.

A. both blood type and race are determined by the proteins in the blood

B. neither blood type nor race is related to our character and personality

C. both of them judge people without considering their individualities

D. blood type determinism believes human abilities are decided by race

4. Who introduced the blood type theory to Japan?

A. Nazis from Germany. B. Japan’s militarist government.

C. A supporter called Masahiko Nomi. D. Human Science ABO Center.

In Japan, “what’s your type?” is much more than small talk; it can be a more important question in everything from matchmaking to getting a job. By type, the Japanese mean blood type, and no amount of scientific debunking (揭穿) can kill a widely held belief that blood tells all.

In the year that just ended, four of Japan’s top 10 best-sellers were about how blood type determines personality, according to Japan’s largest book distributor, Tohan Co. Taku Kabeya, chief editor at Bungeisha, thinks the appeal comes from having one’s self-image confirmed; readers discover the definition of their blood type and “It’s like ‘Yes, that’s me!’“

As defined by the books, type As are sensitive perfectionists but overanxious; type Bs am cheerful but weird and selfish; Os are curious, generous but stubborn; and Abs are arty but mysterious and unpredictable. All that may sound like a horoscope(占星), but the public doesn’t seem to care. Nowadays matchmaking agencies provide blood-type compatibility (兼容性) tests, and some companies make decisions about assignments based on employees’ blood types. Children at some kindergartens are divided up by blood type, and the women’s softball team that won gold at the Beijing Olympics used the theory to customize each player’s training.

Blood types, determined by the proteins in the blood, have nothing to do with personality, said Satoru Kikuchi, associate professor of psychology at Shinshu University. “It’s simply false science, “he said, “The idea encourages people to judge others by the blood types, without trying to understand them as human beings. It’s like racism.” This use of blood-typing has disreputable (名声不好的) roots. The theory was imported from Nazi race ideologues (空谈家) and adopted by Japan’s militarist government in the 1930s to breed better soldiers. The idea was abandoned years later and the craze faded. It resurfaced in the 1970s, however, as Masahiko Nomi, a supporter with no medical background, gave the theory mass appeal. His son, Toshitaka now promotes it through a private group, the Human Science ABO Center, saying it’s not intended to rank or judge people but to smooth relationships and help make the best of one’s talents.

1. That many Japan’s best-sellers were about blood type implies ____________.

A. this topic is used by many people in small talks

B. Japanese attach great importance to blood type

C. people don’t want to have confirmed self-image

D. the definition of blood type leads to arguments

2. According to the passage, ________ may face more pressure while performing a task.

A. type As B. type Bs C. type Os D. type ABs

3. Kikuchi compared blood type determinism to racism because ______________.

A. both blood type and race are determined by the proteins in the blood

B. neither blood type nor race is related to our character and personality

C. both of them judge people without considering their individualities

D. blood type determinism believes human abilities are decided by race

4. Who introduced the blood type theory to Japan?

A. Nazis from Germany. B. Japan’s militarist government.

C. A supporter called Masahiko Nomi. D. Human Science ABO Center.

In Japan, “what’s your type?” is much more than small talk; it can be a more important question in everything from matchmaking to getting a job. By type, the Japanese mean blood type, and no amount of scientific debunking (揭穿) can kill a widely held belief that blood tells all.
In the year that just ended, four of Japan’s top 10 best-sellers were about how blood type determines personality, according to Japan’s largest book distributor, Tohan Co. Taku Kabeya, chief editor at Bungeisha, thinks the appeal comes from having one’s self-image confirmed; readers discover the definition of their blood type and “It’s like ‘Yes, that’s me!’“
As defined by the books, type As are sensitive perfectionists but overanxious; type Bs am cheerful but weird and selfish; Os are curious, generous but stubborn; and Abs are arty but mysterious and unpredictable. All that may sound like a horoscope(占星), but the public doesn’t seem to care. Nowadays matchmaking agencies provide blood-type compatibility (兼容性) tests, and some companies make decisions about assignments based on employees’ blood types. Children at some kindergartens are divided up by blood type, and the women’s softball team that won gold at the Beijing Olympics used the theory to customize each player’s training.
Blood types, determined by the proteins in the blood, have nothing to do with personality, said Satoru Kikuchi, associate professor of psychology at Shinshu University. “It’s simply false science, “he said, “The idea encourages people to judge others by the blood types, without trying to understand them as human beings. It’s like racism.” This use of blood-typing has disreputable (名声不好的) roots. The theory was imported from Nazi race ideologues (空谈家) and adopted by Japan’s militarist government in the 1930s to breed better soldiers. The idea was abandoned years later and the craze faded. It resurfaced in the 1970s, however, as Masahiko Nomi, a supporter with no medical background, gave the theory mass appeal. His son, Toshitaka now promotes it through a private group, the Human Science ABO Center, saying it’s not intended to rank or judge people but to smooth relationships and help make the best of one’s talents.

1.
That many Japan’s best-sellers were about blood type implies ____________.
1. A.
  this topic is used by many people in small talks
2. B.
  Japanese attach great importance to blood type
3. C.
  people don’t want to have confirmed self-image
4. D.
  the definition of blood type leads to arguments
2.
According to the passage, ________ may face more pressure while performing a task.
1. A.
  type As
2. B.
  type Bs
3. C.
  type Os
4. D.
  type ABs
3.
Kikuchi compared blood type determinism to racism because ______________.
1. A.
  both blood type and race are determined by the proteins in the blood
2. B.
  neither blood type nor race is related to our character and personality
3. C.
  both of them judge people without considering their individualities
4. D.
  blood type determinism believes human abilities are decided by race
4.
Who introduced the blood type theory to Japan?
1. A.
  Nazis from Germany.
2. B.
  Japan’s militarist government.
3. C.
  A supporter called Masahiko Nomi.
4. D.
  Human Science ABO Center.

阅读理解。

      Every year, World Blood Day is celebrated by blood services worldwide on 14 June, the birthday
of Nobel Prize winner Karl Landsteiner, the man who discovered the ABO blood group system. If you
have every thought of becoming a blood donor, just register to do it. And you should never worry about
the donation.
     Just under a pint (around 470ml) of blood is taken at one sitting. This amount is no more than 13
percent of your total blood volume, and is quickly replaced by your body.
     It may come as a surprise, but whole blood is only rarely used. Different blood components are used
to treat a range of conditions. None goes to waste. Red blood cells are frequently used to replace heavy
blood loss after an accident, surgery or childbirth. White blood cells and antibodies (抗体) are used to
help people fight infections if their immune system doesn't appear to be responding to antibiotics (抗生
素). Plasma (血浆), the straw-coloured fluid which carries the blood cells and contains proteins, are
used to treat burned patients.
     First-time donors should be aged between 17 and 65, weigh at least 50kg and be in good health. If
you have donated before, you can start being a donor again up to your 70th birthday.
     Although most people are able to give blood, some people who pose health risks or are at a higher
risk of having come into contact with an infectious disease are no tasked to be donors. Pregnant women
or those who have had a baby in the last 9 months should not donate blood.
     Blood has a very short shelf life. Some blood components can be kept longer than others, for instance
red blood cells will keep for 35 days but platelets(血小板)for only five. Remember, you should wait at
least 16 weeks before donating blood again.

1. People should never worry about the donation mainly because _____.

A. it causes no pain to their body
B. being a blood donor is a great honor
C. their bodies can produce new blood soon
D. people have a mature research on it

2. What component of blood is used to treat burned patients?

A. Plasma
B. Red blood cell
C. Antibody
D. White blood cell

3. We can learn from the passage that _____.

A. whole blood is most widely used in hospital
B. platelets can be kept for more than 10 days
C. people can donate their blood four times a years
D. people can donate at most 470 ml of blood each time

4. Who can donate their blood?

A. A teenager who is studying in a primary school
B. A mother who is about to give birth to a new baby
C. An adult who smokes and drinks from time to time
D. A man just coming back for a place suffering from malaria

5. What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?

A. To teach people how to be a blood donor
B. To give people the knowledge of blood donation
C. To advise people to benefit from blood donation
D. To remind people of the importance of blood donation

Everybody has a blood type. The most common blood type system is the ABO system discovered in the year 1900by an Austrian scientist named Karl Landsteiner who was awarded the Nobel Prize for his achievements. There are four types of blood in the system: A, B, AB and O. your blood type is certain before you are born, by specific genes from your parents. You receive one gene（基因）from your mother and one from your father; these two combine to form your blood type.

Interestingly, in Japan, you are what you bleed, as blood type is a common way of defining character and personality, much like horoscopes(星座) in Western countries. In 1931, Furukawa Takeji (1891-1940) came up with a link between blood type and personality. As he saw it, humans are simple beings, only requiring two personality types: people of blood type A are generally mild tempered(脾气温和的） and intelligent, while people of blood type B are the opposite（相反）.

In Japan, blood type has influenced people’s lives in unexpected ways. A baseball coach was reported to have used it in the selection of his teams. The class was split（使分开）according to blood type, and then different teaching techniques were used depending on the group.

Almost all the Japanese know their blood type, although whether this is the reason why the fashion became so popular or a result of its popularity is not certain. In contrast, Europeans and Americans are happily unaware of not only their blood type, but also the “blood typology” phenomenon.

An industry has grown around the foundation laid down by Furukawa, so that you can now buy blood type chewing gum soft drinks and even calendars!

59. When the blood type was discovered, Furukawa Takeji was _____.

A. a child B. a teenager C. an adult D. an old man

60. By saying “you are what you bleed,” the author wants to express _____.

A. how important the blood type is

B. it’s troublesome to know the blood type

C. it’s a danger if you don’t know your blood type

D. the blood types have great effects on people’s life

61. According to Furukawa Takeji, a stupid girl with bad temper may have the blood type_______.

A. A B. B C. C D. D

62. By_____, the author shows us the blood types are widely used in Japan.

A. analyzing the data

B. comparing different deals

C. doing experiments

D. giving examples

---How about the number of students playing on the playground?
---______.

That many Japan’s best-sellers were about blood type implies ____________.

According to the passage, ________ may face more pressure while performing a task.

Kikuchi compared blood type determinism to racism because ______________.

Who introduced the blood type theory to Japan?