Question

【题目】Directions : Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.

【1】两天之后他才回我短信。(before)

__________

【2】只有成年人提高了意识才能保护儿童不吸二手烟。(Only)

__________

【3】当学生在校园里发生意外状况时，及时告知家长很重要。(inform)

__________

【4】这所学校之所以不受欢迎，是因为该校校长过于重视提高学生的学业成绩而忽略对学生全 面发展能力的培养。(emphasis)

__________

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】It was two days before he messaged / texted me back.

【2】Only when adults have raised their awareness can children be protected from secondhand smoke.

【3】It’s very important to inform the parents in time when something unexpected happens to students on campus.

【4】The reason why this school is unpopular is that the headmaster lays too much emphasis on improving students’ academic performance instead of cultivating their all-around abilities.

【解析】

考查汉译英。

【1】考查固定句式。句型It's + some time + before从句，表示“过了多久……才……”。根据句意应用一般过去时，故译为It was two days before he messaged / texted me back.。

【2】考查部分倒装。only+ 副词/介词/状语从句位于句首，要部分倒装。本句中时间状语从句需用现在完成时，主句主语children与谓语动词构成被动关系，故译为Only when adults have raised their awareness can children be protected from secondhand smoke.。

【3】考查固定句式。句型It’s very important to do sth.“做某事很重要”，根据句意可知应用时间状语从句，故译为It’s very important to inform the parents in time when something unexpected happens to students on campus.。

【4】考查固定句式和固定短语。句式The reason why…is that从句，表示“……的原因是”。短语lay too much emphasis on doing sth.“太过于强调做某事”。故译为The reason why this school is unpopular is that the headmaster lays too much emphasis on improving students’ academic performance instead of cultivating their all-around abilities.。

部分倒装

1） 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。

Never have I seen such a performance.

Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.　

当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。比如：I have never seen such a performance.

The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.

2）否定词开头作部分倒装

如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等，要倒装。例如：

Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender.

Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.

No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.

3） so, neither, nor作部分倒装

用这些词表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。例如：

Tom can speak French. So can Jack.

If you won't go, neither will I.

4）only+ 副词/介词/状语从句位于句首，要部分倒装

Only in this way, can you learn English well.

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.

如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。

Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.

如第二小题，only+ 副词/介词/状语从句位于句首，要部分倒装。本句中时间状语从句需用现在完成时，主句主语children与谓语动词构成被动关系，故译为Only when adults have raised their awareness can children be protected from secondhand smoke.。