“Racism is a grown-up disease, declares the saying on Ruby Bridge’s website along with a photo of Mrs. Bridge today, a 6-year-old girl four decades ago. In the photo, she is walking up the steps of 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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“Racism (种族歧视) is a grown-up disease,” declares the saying on Ruby Bridge’s website along with a photo of Mrs. Bridge today, a 6-year-old girl four decades ago. In the photo, she is walking up the steps of the William Frantz Public School in New Orleans, a little black girl accompanied by two officers who protect her on her way to school.
Her name then was Ruby Nell. It was Nov. 14, 1960. She was the first black child to enroll at this all-white elementary school according to the court order to desegregate in New Orleans schools. Her story is moving -- she was a very courageous child -- and remains a significant proof against intolerance (不宽容) of all kinds. Ruby’s photo brings out another powerful image on her website: Norman Rockwells symbolic painting for Look magazine on Jan. 14, 1964, “The Problem We All Live With.”
Rockwell was an illustrator of exceptional skill and charm. He produced a vast number of unforgettable images over a long career, many of them involving children. His American kids are innocent and appealing, but often, at the same time, decidedly naughty. His method was to photograph his models, and the resulting paintings were photographic． But it is revealing to see how the artist slightly changed facial expressions from photo to oil painting in order to make his paintings communicate with the viewer. Communication, even persuasion, lay at the back of his work; this was art for effect.
“The Problem We All Live With” belongs to Rockwell’s later work, when he began openly showing his strong belief in liberty. This is a highly persuasive image. Before he arrived at the final copy, one sketch (草图) shows the little girl closer to the two officers following her than to those in front. In the finished picture, the girl seems more determined, independent, and untouched． The unfriendly tomatoes thrown on the wall are behind her now, and she, is completely unaffected．
【小题1】Ruby Nell was protected by officers on her way to school, because .

A．she was a little fighter against racism

B．she was very young, short and timid

C．she was the first black to study in an all-white school

D．she was chosen by the com t0be’wi’th white children

【小题2】According to the passage, “The Problem We All Live With” is a(n) .

A．social program for American children

B．famous painting by Norman Rockwell

C．photo displayed on Ruby Bridges’ website

D．exhibition at the Norman Rockwell Museum

【小题3】The word “desegregate” in paragraph 2 probably means“ ”.

A．fight against the white	B．end racial separation
C．struggle for freedom	D．stop the black-white conflict

【小题4】The main topic of this passage is .

A．how Rockwell encouraged Ruby to fight against racism

B．how Ruby won her fight to go to an all-white school

C．how Rockwell expressed his protest in .Iris work

D．how persuasive Rockwell’s earlier work of art is

【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】B
【小题4】C

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　　Patricia Hearst, 19-year-old granddaughter of the late newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst, was kidnapped February 5 and held for ransom (赎金) by members of a radical (激进的) group called the Symbionness Liberation Army(共生解放组织). The action resembled (像) some kidnappings in Latin American and other parts of the world. It was followed by other across the nation that had no avowed (承认) political motive, plus countless threats and a few hoaxes. (恶作剧)

　　Miss Hearst was abducted (诱拐) from her Berkeley, California apartment by at least two women and two men. They belonged to a group of both blacks and whites who called for violent revolution to overturn “all forms of racism,　(种族) sexism, ageism, capitalism, fascism, (法西斯主义) individualism, possessiveness, and competitiveness.”

　　The kidnappers demanded that her father, Randolph Hearst, president and publisher of the San Francisco Examiner, provided (提供) as a prelude (前奏) to further negotiations $ 70 worth of top-quality free meat, vegetables, and dairy products over a four-week period to “all people (in California) with welfare cards, Social Security pension (养老金) cards, food-stamp cards, disabled veteran (老兵) cards, medical cards, parole of probation(假释或缓型) papers, and jail of hail-release (释放) slips (监狱释放单或保释单). “Tape recordings were mailed of Miss Hearst's voice and of a speaker who called himself Field Marshal Cinque-reportedly an escaped convict named Donaid Dofreeze.

　　Estimates of the cost of providing the food ran as high as $ 400 million. Hearst said February 19 that he would contribute $ 500,000 to a food-giveaway program, and that $ 1.5 million more would be donated by the William Randolph Hearst Foundation. Later, he said the Hearst Corporation would put up an additional $ 4 million to continue the program, but only his daughter was released.

　　Another demand later added by the kidnappers was that Russell Little and Joseph Remiro, two SLA members arrested and charged with 1973 slaying (杀害) of Marcus Foster, Oakland superintendent (负责人) of schools, be allowed to conduct a nationally televised news conference. (谈判) Two judges refused to sanction (批准) the request.

1．Patricia Hearst was kidnapped and held ________.

[　　]

A．for political purpose

B．for top-quality food for the lower-class people

C．to save two members of the Symbionness Liberation Army

D．for money

2．According to the kidnappers' demands, Patricia's father has to contribute ________.

[　　]

3．What is the meaning to the word “abduct” in Para. 2?

[　　]

4．According to the kidnappers' demand, what kind of people cannot get the food provided by Patricia's father?

[　　]

A．People who just got free from the prison.

B．People who had no job.

C．People who were injured in wars.

D．People who live in California.

5．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．Patricia was kidnapped by a radical group in Latin America.

B．The kidnappers are all blacks who protest racism.

C．Mr. Hearst received tape recordings of Patricia and Donald Defreeze's voice.

D．Patricia's father accepted all of the kidnappers' demands.

Jesse Owens is recognized as a hero not just because he is fast. Some people might say that they know him for just that reason. However, there are lots of fast people who are not known. Jesse Owens is known because Chancellor Adolf Hitler did not shake the hand of Jesse Owens or even recognize his feat of winning four gold medals, because Owens was an African American.
Jesse Owens owed much of his success to his coach Charles Riley, who probably was the most important one making him have the career that he did. Owens came from a background that required him to work after school in a shoe shop. He couldn’t attend the regularly scheduled track practices organized by his school. However, Charles Riley saw the boy had both a passion(热情) and a talent for running, and so arranged for him to be able to practice before school instead.
Jesse Owens achieved this success despite(尽管) his racial background, which at the time was a huge limitation to him. He could only eat in certain restaurants and sleep in certain hotels, as could all African Americans of the time. He was also never offered a scholarship for school despite setting records for NCAA(美国全国大学生体育协会) championships.
The Berlin Olympics in 1936 is where his star rose as high as it would ever be able to. These Olympics were during the height of Hitler’s rule. It took courage to race in front of Hitler and many other racist(种族主义者). It took time, determination, and perseverance(坚持不懈) to race like him. He won four gold medals at those Olympics. It would take almost fifty years for someone else to walk away from the Olympics with four gold medals. He passed away at the age of 66 from lung cancer.
【小题1】The underlined word “feat” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “ .”

【小题2】 We know from paragraph 2 that Jesse Owens .

A．did not need to work after school

B．took part in the regular track practices

C．did not get along well with his coach

D．was arranged to practice before school

【小题3】Jesse Owens was well-known around the world mainly because he .

A．sets records for NCAA championships

B．was brave enough to race in front of Adolf Hitler

C．didn’t want to shake hands with Hitler

D．is recognized as a hero of the white Americans

【小题4】According to the passage, which of the following about Jesse Owens is true?

A．Hitler recognized his feat of winning four gold medals.

B．He was offered a scholarship for setting records for NCAA championships.

C．He could only eat in certain restaurants like many other African Americans.

D．It took him almost fifty years to walk away from the Olympics with four gold medals.

【小题5】What is the best title for the passage?

A．Sport hero ---- Jesse Owens	B．The Berlin Olympics in 1936
C．Charles Riley ---- Jesse Owens’ s coach	D．Jesse Owens’s childhood

In Japan, “what’s your type?” is much more than small talk; it can be a more important question in everything from matchmaking to getting a job. By type, the Japanese mean blood type, and no amount of scientific debunking (揭穿) can kill a widely held belief that blood tells all.

In the year that just ended, four of Japan’s top 10 best-sellers were about how blood type determines personality, according to Japan’s largest book distributor, Tohan Co. Taku Kabeya, chief editor at Bungeisha, thinks the appeal comes from having one’s self-image confirmed; readers discover the definition of their blood type and “It’s like ‘Yes, that’s me!’“

As defined by the books, type As are sensitive perfectionists but overanxious; type Bs am cheerful but weird and selfish; Os are curious, generous but stubborn; and Abs are arty but mysterious and unpredictable. All that may sound like a horoscope(占星), but the public doesn’t seem to care. Nowadays matchmaking agencies provide blood-type compatibility (兼容性) tests, and some companies make decisions about assignments based on employees’ blood types. Children at some kindergartens are divided up by blood type, and the women’s softball team that won gold at the Beijing Olympics used the theory to customize each player’s training.

Blood types, determined by the proteins in the blood, have nothing to do with personality, said Satoru Kikuchi, associate professor of psychology at Shinshu University. “It’s simply false science, “he said, “The idea encourages people to judge others by the blood types, without trying to understand them as human beings. It’s like racism.” This use of blood-typing has disreputable (名声不好的) roots. The theory was imported from Nazi race ideologues (空谈家) and adopted by Japan’s militarist government in the 1930s to breed better soldiers. The idea was abandoned years later and the craze faded. It resurfaced in the 1970s, however, as Masahiko Nomi, a supporter with no medical background, gave the theory mass appeal. His son, Toshitaka now promotes it through a private group, the Human Science ABO Center, saying it’s not intended to rank or judge people but to smooth relationships and help make the best of one’s talents.

1. That many Japan’s best-sellers were about blood type implies ____________.

A. this topic is used by many people in small talks

B. Japanese attach great importance to blood type

C. people don’t want to have confirmed self-image

D. the definition of blood type leads to arguments

2. According to the passage, ________ may face more pressure while performing a task.

A. type As B. type Bs C. type Os D. type ABs

3. Kikuchi compared blood type determinism to racism because ______________.

A. both blood type and race are determined by the proteins in the blood

B. neither blood type nor race is related to our character and personality

C. both of them judge people without considering their individualities

D. blood type determinism believes human abilities are decided by race

4. Who introduced the blood type theory to Japan?

A. Nazis from Germany. B. Japan’s militarist government.

C. A supporter called Masahiko Nomi. D. Human Science ABO Center.

“Sesame Street” has been called “the longest street in the world.” That is because the television program by that name can now be seen in so many parts of the world. That program became one of American’s exports soon after it went on the air in New York in 1969. ?

In the United States more than six million children watch the program regularly. The viewers include more than half the nation’s pre-school children, from every kind of economic, racial(种族的), and geographical group. ?

Although some educators object to certain elements in the program, parents praise it highly. Many teachers also consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program. ?

Tests have shown that children from all racial, geographical, and economic backgrounds have benefited from watching it. Those who watch it five times a week learn more than occasional(偶尔的）viewer. In the US the program is shown at different hours during the week in order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly. ?

The programs all use songs stories, jokes and pictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers, letters and human relationships. But there are some differences. For example, the Spanish program, produced in Mexico City, devotes more time to teaching whole words than to teaching separate letters. ?

Why has “Sesame Street” been so much more successful than other children’s shows? Many reasons have been suggested. People mention the educational theories of its creators, the support by the government and private businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch it along with their children. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on it. But the best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching feel able to learn. The child finds himself learning, and he wants to learn more. ?

1. “Sesame Street” is actually______. ?

A．a street in the US	B．a program for children?
C．a program of teachers	D．a program for students?

2.Children who often watch the program______. ?

A．can have problems in school	B．will find it a great help?
C．will take no interest in their studies	D．will be well educated?

3.What is special about the program?

A．It offers great fun. ?

B．It makes children feel able to learn. ?

C．It is shown at different hours during the week. ?

D．Children learn and enjoy themselves while watching. ?

4.Why is “Sesame Street” so popular in the world?

A．Because it is supported by the government and businesses. ?

B．Because it uses a variety of skillful tricks. ?

C．Because mothers watch it along with their children. ?

D．Because it makes every child watching it feel able to learn. ?

5.The best title for this passage can be______. ?

A．TV Programs	B．Educating Children?
C．Sesame Street	D．A Greet Success?

Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.

1. The nursery is bright and _________ with plenty of toys. ( cheerfully)
2. The retired people usually take up a hobby such as raising flowers or birds to relieve the _________ of
retirement. (boring)
3. They have to have a basic ___________ of computer in order to use the advanced technology. (understand)
4. The specialist watched the _________ of the snake for a long time. (move)
5. The last decade has a witnessed (见证) a serious rise in the levels of racism (种族歧视) and __________ to
Black and ethnic groups. (种族群体) (hostile)

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