Are you a problem shopper? The answer is “Yes”, if you or someone else thinks that you sometimes get carried away with shopping. In other words, do you or does someone else think you are occupied in extreme shopping? If people have regrets later about their shopping, or have an “out-of-control” feeling about the quantities of what they buy or the amount of credit they use, they may be considered to be problem shoppers.

Extreme shopping can lead to a more serious problem — addictive shopping. Addictive shoppers feel driven by the desire to shop and spend money. They experience great tension which drives them to shop and spend money and they feel a “rush” during the time they are occupied with the shopping activity.

Extreme or addictive shopping may result from long-time unpleasant feelings, of which anxiety, pain and shame are common ones. When we feel bad inside, we often do something to make ourselves feel better. In this case, we often go shopping.

A few people shop to relieve their boredom or emptiness. For some people, the motivation is a desire for status, power, beauty or success. Some love to shop as it makes them feel valued in the eyes of the shop assistants. Others shop simply because it makes them forget, at least temporarily, tension, fear or unhappiness in their life.

Besides, shopping malls are designed to encourage continual shopping. For instance, there are some malls where you can’t see clocks displaying the time because they don’t want you to become too aware of the time you spend there. What’s more, food courts, coffee shops and restrooms are provided, so you don’t have to leave the mall because of your physical needs.

Therefore, once you become aware of how market forces work, you will certainly come to control your shopping behavior. For example, how much time you will spend and what areas you will visit can be decided before you enter the mall. Keep a written account of what items you will buy and how much money you will spend. Make a plan for what you are going to buy before you feel the urge to shop and then stick to it. That is vital for gaining self-control.

1.Which of the following people may not be problem shoppers?

A. Those who cannot control the amount of credit they use.

B. Those who just walk around the shopping malls.

C. Those who are occupied in too much shopping.

D. Those who feel sorry for their shopping.

2.According to the passage, what may not result in addictive shopping?

A. The awareness of how market forces work.

B. The desire for status, power, beauty or success.

C. Boredom, emptiness, tension, fear or unhappiness in people’s life.

D. Long-time bad feelings of anxiety, pain and shame.

3.What does the author suggest to control our shopping behaviour?

A. Never going to the shopping malls because there are many tricks.

B. Applying for a credit card before we go shopping.

C. Making the shopping time as short as possible.

D. Making a shopping list before we go shopping.

4.The author writes this passage to _______.

A. inform the shopping malls how to attract more shoppers

B. scold the problem shoppers

C. provide solutions to the problem shopping

D. tell a shopping story

I worked in a restaurant. One night a woman came in with three small children. As a ______, I could usually tell who is going to tip well and who isn’t going to tip at all I ______ got the latter vibe (气息) from her. She asked about the ______ of everything on the menu, but she ordered ______ water to drink. She wasn’t ______ appetizers (开胃饮料). At one point her daughter asked her very politely: “Mom, can I have ______?” The woman pulled out her coin purse and ______ her change before saying yes. Then I was ______ that I wouldn’t get a tip, but they were very nice and pleasant to ______ so I didn’t even think twice about it.

At the end of the meal, she paid ______ in coins.

When I went back to clear the table, to my ______, there were a lot of quarters left for me. They amounted to $ 8, or about 25% of the ______. Here was a woman who had to count her money before ______ her daughter a milk because she wanted to ______ she still had enough to tip me.

Was it the largest tip I ever got? No, but it’s the only one I ______ after all these years.

This story is a ______ that the very best aspects of human nature can shine through in even the most ______ of everyday situations. The first ______ may be powerful, but it’s important to let others show their true nature rather than making a snap (仓促的) ______ about them. As a matter of fact, generosity is a valuable virtue, whether you ______ to be rich, poor, or somewhere in between.

1.A. manager B. director C. waiter D. cashier

2.A. certainly B. positively C. suddenly D. regularly

3.A. material B. price C. taste D. colour

4.A. even B. much C. also D. only

5.A. content with B. aware of C. interested in D. ready for

6.A. juice B. soda C. milk D. cocoa

7.A. counted up B. used up C. stared at D. played with

8.A. worried B. convinced C. disappointed D. annoyed

9.A. please B. approach C. serve D. attend

10.A. largely B. partly C. rarely D. entirely

11.A. surprise B. satisfaction C. amusement D. regret

12.A. dish B. meal C. amount D. menu

13.A. ordering B. fetching C. passing D. preparing

14.A. believe B. insist C. ensure D. admit

15.A. understand B. remember C. require D. save

16.A. container B. judge C. performer D. reminder

17.A. normal B. ordinary C. important D. unusual

18.A. impression B. thought C. prediction D. expression

19.A. choice B. comparison C. analysis D. decision

20.A. attempt B. happen C. fail D. desire

You may have heard of the American Dream, an ideal that has powered the hopes of Americans for generations.

It began as a belief that the US was a land of opportunity, and that anyone could achieve success through hard work. The dream has referred to home ownership, a good job, retirement security or each generation doing better than the last for a long time.

Yet today, this concept seems to have greatly changed. As Tune magazine pointed out, quite different from the older generation, many Millennials (the generation born after 1980) redefine the American Dream as “day-to-day control of your life”. They “prize job mobility, flexible schedules, any work that is more interesting than typing, and the ability to travel”, said the magazine.

Home ownership, once the cornerstone of the American Dream, is becoming a smaller priority for this generation. Meanwhile, nearly 40% of them choose travel as part of their dream. And running their own business is a rising favorite, as nearly 26% of Millennials consider self-employment as part of their dream.

So what has led to this huge change?

Many point fingers at the poor economy. “Modern young Americans seem bound to face a world stamped by ever narrowing opportunity,” noted The Daily Beast.

“The rate of 16-to-24-year-olds out of school and out of work is unusually high at 15%. Many college graduates have taken jobs that don’t require a degree,” Time reported.

The magazine worries that these difficulties may lead to a lost generation who are “unable to ever truly find their feet on the corporation’s ladder”.

Dan Kadlec, a reporter of Time, sees Millennials as resetting their expectations. “This situation is different for young adults today,” he wrote. “A true American dream has to feel attainable, and many Millennials are feeling they can only attain a day-to-day lifestyle that suits them.”

1.Which has similar meaning to the underlined word “cornerstone”?

A. value B. average

C. reason D. basis

2.What has changed Millennials’ views of the American Dream?

A. The discouraging economy and unemployment.

B. The fierce competition in getting a degree.

C. Their dissatisfaction with the government.

D. Their lack of confidence in themselves.

3.What does Dan Kadlec’s think of Millennials’ definition of the American Dream?

A. considerate B. understandable

C. curious D. negative

4.What can be the best title for this passage?

A. Meaning of American Dream B. Redefinition of American Dream

C. Value of Achieving American Dream D. The Reasons of American Dream

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