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The latest research suggests a more prosaic, democratic, even puritanical view of the world. The key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not a divine spark. It’s not I.Q., a generally bad predictor of success, even in realms like chess. Instead, it’s deliberate practice. Top performers spend more hours (many more hours) rigorously practicing their craft. If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, you’d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average verbal ability. It wouldn’t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar biographical traits. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same ethnic background, or, shared the same birthday.

This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self. It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join. It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fueling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary knowledge of her field. She’d be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly perceive its inner workings.

Then she would practice writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and error-focused. By practicing in this way, she delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically performed skills. By practicing slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors, pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems―how do I get characters into a room―dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.

The primary trait she possesses is not some mysterious genius. It’s the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine. The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we’re “hard-wired” to do. And it’s true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behavior.

 

76. The passage mainly deals with _____.

A. the function of I.Q. in cultivating a writer

B. the relationship between genius and success

C. the decisive factor in making a genius

D. the way of gaining some sense of distinction

77. By reading novels and writers’ stories, the girl could ______.

A. come to understand the inner structure of writing

B. join a fascinating circle of writers someday

C. share with a novelist her likes and dislikes

D. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security

78. In the girl’s long painstaking training process, _____.

A. her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success

B. her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance

C. she acquires the magic of some great achievements

D. she comes to realize she is “hard-wired” to write

79. What can be concluded from the passage?

A. A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in one’s success.

B. A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing.

C. As to the growth of a genius, I.Q. doesn’t matter, but just his/her efforts.

D. What really matters is what you do rather than who you are.

76.  C。

解析:主旨大意题。文章第一段就指出人成功的关键因素不是天才,而是后天的practice。接着文章以一个12岁的女孩的例子来证明成功的关键因素是什么。

77. A

解析:细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可以知道答案。quickly understand its inner workings

78.  B。

解析:推理判断题。根据文中对女孩成长过程的描述特别是,第三段中的Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious. Automatically performed skills. By practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance我们可以断定最佳答案为:B。

79.  D

解析:推理判断题。由全文特别是最后一段我们可以知道在一个人成功之路上,真正关键的是我付出了什么行动,而不是你的天才因素或你是谁。  

 

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下面文章中有5处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小标题,并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. Network.

B. Do things alone.

C. Become a local.

D. Join a gym or club.

E. Join a Business Group

F. Be polite to People You Meet

Moving to a new city can be both exciting and scary. Whether you are moving for a job, school or just to start over somewhere new, it can function as a fresh start. However, leaving behind old friends and finding new ones is not always easy. Maintaining a positive attitude and being open to new situations and people will make the adjustment easier.

1.________  

Trying new things will always put you in the position to run into new people. However, chances are, if you are by yourself instead of with a group of friends, other people will be more comfortable approaching you because they are less likely to feel as though they are bothering you or intruding. Go for walks by yourself, read a book in the park or have dinner at a restaurant alone. Doing things alone can also make you appear confident and interesting to others.

2.________  

Visit the same coffee shops or restaurants as often as possible. Talk to the employees and be friendly. Over time, the people that work there will recognize you and you can build relationships with them that way. This can also help you feel like you blend in and belong in your new neighborhood. Ask the employees for suggestions on things to do. They are great resources to find out the latest activities and events happening in your city, and they may even join you.

3.________   

You will not meet new people sitting in your house, so you will want to put yourself in situations with other people. Joining a gym, club or other social group can be a low pressure way to meet new people who have the same interests as you. Moving to a new city is a great time to try a new activity you are interested in, such as yoga or martial arts.

4.________ 

If you moved for a job or school, you will be surrounded by new people. Even if they are not necessarily the type of people you would normally be friends with, try to keep an open mind. Common interests provide the start of many wonderful friendships. Your coworkers or fellow students will likely be able to introduce you to other people you may get along with as well.

5.________     

Sites like Linked In and Yahoo offer several online forums (论坛) that can help expand networking opportunities. You could become friends with someone through one of the online discussions and then meet in person later. Linked In lists several groups it feels you might enjoy. Get involved with the groups that meet in person with things like business book groups, networking events, or social mixers. To join a Yahoo group, click on “groups,” then “business and finance.” Type in the name of your city in the search screen, and scroll through the list of local groups that appear.

 

On October 19,1959,the first Special English program was broadcast on the Voice of America.It was an experiment.The goal was to communicate by radio in clear and simple English with people whose native language was not English.Experts said the goal was admirable,but the method would not work.However,             .The Special English programs quickly became some of the most popular on VOA.And they still are.

Forty years later,Special English continues to communicate with people who are not fluent in English.But during the years its role has expanded.It also helps people learn American-English.It succeeds in helping people learn English in a non-traditional way.And it provides listeners, even those who are native English speakers, with information they cannot find elsewhere.

Today,Special English broadcasts around the world seven days a week,five times a day.Each half-hourly broadcast begins with ten minutes of the latest news followed by 20minutes of feature programming.There is a different short feature every weekday about science,development,agriculture,and environment,and on the weekends about news events and American idioms.These programs are followed by in-depth(深入的)15 minutes features about American culture,history,science,medicine,space,important people or short stories.

1.What is the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words.)

         △                                       △                             

2.Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following sentence?

(Special English has played a more important part in many areas over the years.)

         △                                        △                            

3.Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(Please answer within 10 words.)

         △                                         △                           

4.What do you think about Special English?(Please answer within 30 words.)

          △                                       △                           

5.Translate the underlined sentence in the second paragraph into Chinese.

           △                                        △                          

 

People being tested for radiation exposure

The crisis at the damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station in northern Japan has raised worries about radiation risks. We spoke Tuesday with Jonathan Links, an expert in radiation health sciences. He is a professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Maryland.

Professor Links says workers within the nuclear plant are the only people at risk of extremely high doses of radiation.

JONATHAN LINKS: "Of course, we don't know what doses they've received, but the only persons at risk of acute radiation effects are the workers."

For other people, he says, there may be a long-term worry. People can get cancer from low doses of ionizing radiation, the kind released in a nuclear accident.

Professor Links says scientists can use computers to quickly model where radioactive material has blown and settled. Then they measure how large an area is contaminated. He says if the situation is serious enough, officials could take steps like telling people not to eat locally grown food or drink the water.

JONATHAN LINKS: "But that would only be the case if there was a significant release and, because of wind direction, the radioactive material was blown over the area, and then settled out of the air into and onto water, plants, fruits and vegetables."

The reactors at Fukushima are on the Pacific coast. But Professor Links says people should not worry about any radioactive material leaking into the ocean.

JONATHAN LINKS: "Even in a worst-case scenario accident, the sea provides a very high degree of dilution. So the concentration of radioactivity in the seawater would still be quite low."

Japan is the only country to have had atomic bombs dropped on it. That memory from World War Two would create a stronger "psychological sensitivity" to radiation exposure, Professors Links says.

Next month is the twenty-fifth anniversary of the explosion and fire that destroyed a reactor at Chernobyl in Ukraine. The nineteen eighty-six event was the world's worst accident in the nuclear power industry.

A new United Nations report says more than six thousand cases of thyroid cancer have been found. These are in people who were children in affected areas of Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. The report says that by two thousand five the cancers had resulted in fifteen deaths.

The cancers were largely caused by drinking contaminated milk. The milk came from cows that ate grass where radioactive material had fallen.

To get the latest updates, go to www.unsv.com.

Contributing: James Brooke

1.The passage mainly tells us __________.

A. What measures the Japan Government takes to solve the nuclear crisis .

B. Worries and influences caused by the nuclear crisis .

C. With great efforts of scientists , the Japan Government has put the nuclear crisis under control .

D. To explain that the nuclear crisis has less effect on its neighboring countries.

2.Which of the following is NOT the influences caused by the leak of Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station?

A. Workers at the nuclear station are suffering the risk of death .

B. People can get cancer from low doses of ionizing radiation, the kind released in a nuclear accident.

C. The radioactive material may be blown over the area causing the pollution to water .

D. The concentration of radioactivity in the seawater can not be diluted.

3.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “dilution”?

A. chemical     B. salt     C. dissolution  D. elimination

4.According to the passage which of the following is not TRUE ?

A. Water people drink ,food and vegetables people eat may be polluted by nuclear radiation .

B. Japan is the only country to have had atomic bombs dropped on it.

C. You can go to www.unsv.com. to get the latest news .

D. The nuclear accident in Japan is the worst in the nuclear power industry.

 

 

Sometimes you’ll hear people say that you can’t love others until you love yourself. Sometimes you’ll hear people say that you can’t expect someone else to love you until you love yourself. Either way, you’ve got to love yourself first and this can be tricky. Sure we all know that we’re the apple of our parents’ eyes, and that our Grandmas think we’re great talents and our Uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics. But sometimes it’s a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves. If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge, it is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself.

Self-image is your own mind’s picture of yourself. This image includes the way you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think. Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about US. Unfortunately, most of these images are more negative than they should be. Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self-image and your whole world.

The best way to defeat a passive self-image is to step back and decide to stress your successes. That is, make a list if you need to, but write down all of the great things you do every day. Don’t allow doubts to occur in it.

It very well might be that you are experiencing a negative self-image because you can’t move past one flaw or weakness that you see about yourself. Well, roll up your sleeves and make a change of it as your primary task. If you think you’re silly because you aren’t good at math, find a tutor. If you think you’re weak because you can’t run a mile, get to the track and practice. If you think you’re dull because you don’t wear the latest trends, buy a few new clothes. But remember, just because you think it doesn’t mean it’s true.

The best way to get rid of a negative self-image is to realize that your image is far from objective, and to actively convince yourself of your positive qualities. Changing the way you think and working on those you need to improve will go a long way towards promoting a positive self-image. When you can pat(拍) yourself on the back, you’ll know you’re well on your way. Good luck!

46. You need to build a positive self-image when you ___   _______  _ ___.

A. dare to challenge yourself                            B. feel it hard to change yourself

C. are unconfident about yourself                     D. have a high opinion of yourself

47. According to the passage, our self-images _____.

A. have positive effects                                B. are probably untrue

C. are often changeable                                   D. have different functions

48. How should you change your self-image according to the passage?

A. To keep a different image of others.            B. To make your life successful.

C. To understand your own world.                   D. To change the way you think.

49. What is the passage mainly about?

A. How to prepare for your success.              

B. How to face challenges in your life.

C. How to build a positive self-image.             

D. How to develop your good qualities.

50. Who are the intended readers of the passage?

A. Parents.                                              B. Adolescents.                          

C. Educators.                                            D. People in general.

 

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