题目内容

 

第二部分 阅读理解（共25小题。第一节每小题2分，第二节每小题1分；满分45分）

第一节  阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

  A new study in West Africa shows how farm irrigation systems powered by the sun can produce more food and money for villagers. The study in Benin found that solar-powered pumps are effective in supplying water, especially during the long dry season.

  Sub-Saharan Africa is the part of the world with the least food security. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that more than one billion of the world’s people faced hunger last year. Around two hundred sixty-five million of them live south of the Sahara Desert. Lack of rainfall is one of their main causes of food shortages.

  Jennifer Burney from Stanford University in California led the study. The research team helped build three solar-powered irrigation systems in northern Benin.

The solar-powered irrigation systems produced an average of nearly two metric tons of vegetables per month.

  They sold the surplus(过剩的) produce at local markets. The earnings greatly increased their ability to buy food during the dry season which can last six to nine months.

  People in the two villages with the systems were able to eat three to five more serving of vegetables per day. But making the surplus available at markets also had a wider effect.

  The study compared the villages with two others where women farmed with traditional methods like carrying water in buckets. The amount of vegetables eaten in those villages also increased, though not as much.

  The researchers note that only four percent of the cropland in sub-Saharan Africa is irrigated. Using solar power to pump water has higher costs at first. But the study says it can be more economical in the long term than using fuels like gasoline, diesel or kerosene. And solar power is environmentally friendly.

1. People living in sub-Saharan Africa are short of food mainly because______.

  A. it seldom rains there throughout the year   B. there is little farmland in the area

  C. people there lack experience in farming    D. people know nothing about irrigation techniques

2. Which of the following is an advantage of Jennifer’s irrigation systems?

  A. They are not affected by the weather.

B. They cost much less than traditional irrigation systems.

  C. They have no bad effects on the environment.

  D. They use less fuel than traditional irrigation systems.

3. We can learn from the last paragraph that______.

  A. people in South Africa will soon be provided with enough food

  B. the demand for fuels like gasoline will greatly decrease in Africa

  C. people in sub-Saharan Africa don’t take agriculture seriously

  D. it’s worthwhile to use the new irrigation systems on the while

4. People in the two villages owe all the following to Jennifer’s irrigation systems EXCEPT that ______.

  A. they could buy more food during the dry season

  B. they could eat more vegetables than usual every day

  C. they could supply local markets with vegetables

  D. they could provide people in other villages with food

 

【答案】

 

 

 A

 C

 D

 D

 

【解析】

 

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第二部分   阅读理解

（共25小题。第一节每小题2分，第二节每小题1分；满分45分）

第一节   阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

D

When people lose legs after accidents or illnesses, emergency care and artificial limbs（假肢）often allow them to walk again. Newts （蝾螈） in the same situation, on the other hand, can grow limbs back on their own! Scientists have known for a long time that certain animals can re–grow limbs, but they haven’t quite figured out how these creatures do it.

  Researchers have now come up with some new ideas. Their work may give people the ability to re – grow lost limbs. The researchers started with two simple experiments：when you cut a newt’s leg at the ankle, only the foot grows back；when you cut off a leg at the very end, the whole leg grows back. In both cases, the re–growth begins with stem cells. Stem cells can develop into nearly any type of cell in the body.

How do a newt’s stem cells know when to grow only a foot and when to re–grow a whole leg?

This question relates to another mystery. In newts, a cut–off leg will grow back only if the nerve bundle（神经束）in it also grows back , but if something prevents the nerve bundle from growing, the stem cells at the wound won’t re–grow a new leg.

In its study, a British team focused on a protein called nAG. When the team prevented nerves in a limb from growing, but added the nAG protein to stem cells in the limb, the limb still re–grew. That protein seems to guide limb re–growth. People have proteins that are similar to nAG. Further research into these materials may someday help human limbs recover by themselves.

In the experiments, the researchers cut off a newt’s foot or leg to find out _____.

 A. what stem cells were                  B. whether they would grow back

 C. how long it would take to re–grow    D. how they would re – grow

A newt will re–grow its leg if _____.

 A. its ankle was cut off but the nerve bundle was good

 B. its leg was cut off and the nerve bundle stopped growing

C. its leg was cut off and the nerve bundle could grow back

D. its ankle and the nerve bundle were cut off

What do the underlined words “these materials” refer to?

A. Nerve bundles and proteins.            B. Proteins similar to nAG.

 C. Stem cells and proteins.              D. Stem cells and nerve bundles.

The first sentence of the passage _____.

 A. acts as a lead–in                  

B. shows where researchers got their new ideas

C. states the author’s opinion          

D. describes the result of researchers’ studies


第二部分阅读理解:（共两节, 满分50分）
Ⅲ. 第一节（共20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）阅读下列短文, 从每题后面所给的选项
（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
A
We may encounter various setbacks (挫折) in our life and these setbacks  may never repeat themselves. They appear differently in different periods of life.
Students may have problems in learning, for example, the goal and motivation of learning, the method and attitude of study, and their school performances as well. If they fail to deal with these matters properly, they may have problems in study and even develop psychological problems.
Job-hunting, career choosing, capability and unemployment are matters often leading to
psychological problems of the contemporaries (当代人). How to choose a career, how to make a plan for life and how to keep competence in position and for promotion, etc., these are all factors to bring us worries and anxieties.
Interpersonal relationship leads to one of the major psychological setbacks of the human being. The symptoms show that it is hard to get along with others, lacking necessary skills to communicate with others. These may lead to sad feelings of loneliness, bitterness, short of concerns and cares.
The old often suffer from supersession of the old by the new, stepping down from leading positions, retirement, being isolated and helpless. How to look at these rules of law in life, get used to the change, handle domestic emptiness when children grow up and the bitterness facing death of the beloved, all these have to be dealt with properly, to avoid the development of depression and disease.
Now, it comes to the key — how to handle them. 
Keeping a good mood:
Do not make your ambitions too high and never seek for perfection when doing things.
Do not expect too much from others. Otherwise, you will be disappointed if she/he fails to meet your expectation.
When angry, you’d better calm yourself so as to avoid doing something stupid.
Be tolerating and forgiving. Toleration and forgiveness can either smooth your own mood or benefit interpersonal relationship.
When you encounter setbacks you’d better leave it alone and begin to do something you like, for example, go to the theater or take exercise, etc.
You may ease yourself by telling your unhappiness to your good friends, parents, teachers or even making a telephone call to psychological hotlines.
Do something good for others. In this way, you will not only forget your worries but also find your own value and at the same time make friends with others.
To evaluate your ability and role properly, thus you will not develop unnecessary psychological pressure on yourself.
41. The writer is mainly trying to tell us _______.
A. who knows about setbacks           B. how to deal with setbacks 
C. when we have setbacks               D. what causes various setbacks
42. Setbacks may result from the following EXCEPT _______.
A. learning problems at school            B. weak competence in career
C. poor skills in communication         D. the rules of law in life
43. Guess the right meaning of the underlined word “supersession”.
A. depression                                 B. replacement
C. loneliness                                  D. emptiness
44. From the “key” given by the writer, we can infer that _______.
A. anger can be turned into useful power
B. those without ambitions are the happiest
C. psychological problems can be solved by yourself
D. doing something good for others adds to your worries


第二部分阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
A
It was graduation day at Etihad Training Academy, where the national airline of the United Arab Emirates holds a seven-week training course for new flight attendants.
Despite her obvious pride, Ms. Fathi, a 22-year-old from Egypt, was amazed to find herself here. “I never in my life thought I’d work abroad,” said Ms. Fathi, who was a university student in Cairo when she began noticing newspaper advertisements employing young Egyptians to work at airlines based in the Persian Gulf.
A decade ago, unmarried Arab women like Ms. Fathi, working outside their home countries, were rare. But just as young men from poor Arab nations poured into the oil-rich Persian Gulf states for jobs, more young women are doing so.
Flight attendants have become the public face of the new mobility for some young Arab women, just as they were the face of new freedoms for women in the United States in the 1950s and 1960s. They have become a subject of social anxiety and fascination in much the same way. 
For many families, allowing a daughter to work may call her virtue into question. Yet this culture is changing, said Musa Shteiwi, a sociologist at Jordan University in Amman. “We’re noticing more and more single women going to the gulf these days,” he said. “It’s still not exactly common, but over the last four or five years it’s become quite an observable phenomenon.”
Many of the young Arab women working in the Persian Gulf take delight in their status as pioneers, role models for their friends and younger female relatives. Young women brought up in a culture that highly values community, have learned to see themselves as individuals. The experience of living independently and working hard for high salaries has forever changed their beliefs about themselves, though it can also lead to a painful sense of separation from their home countries and their families.
—From New York Times (December 22, 2008)
56. It can be inferred from the passage that young Arab women _________.
A. go to work abroad after American women’s example
B. didn’t start to work abroad until the late 20th century
C. are commonly used to living and working separately
D. expect to take the same family responsibilities as men
57. According to the passage, the Arab women flight attendants can be described as _________.
A. proud, homesick or independent                 B. honest, outstanding or optimistic  
C. mature, enthusiastic or energetic                 D. painful, desperate or conservative
58. How do the public respond to young Arab women’s new mobility?
A. The public think highly of it.            B. The public care very little about it.
C. The public show both interest and anxiety.   D. The public are strongly against it.
59. The author intends to tell the readers that __________.
A. Arab women can hardly find any work
B. flight attendants are badly needed in the gulf
C. flight attendants lead quite a different life
D. young Arab women’s values are changing

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

Cao Min couldn’t believe she was experiencing exactly what she had seen years ago in the film “Titanic”．

Cao and her two children from Anhui Province were traveling on board the “Liaoludu 7” on February 22．They were among the first people on the ship who were rescued by lifeboats．Cao’s one-year-old son was the youngest passenger on board．

The “Liaoludu 7” was traveling in the Bohai Straits from Lvshun in Liaoning Province to the port city of Longkou in Shandong Province．It suddenly lost its power at 2:30 pm and tilted（倾斜）on its side．With 81 people on board, the ferry（渡船）began to sink．

“I was so scared that my legs couldn’t move forward．They kept shaking even when I was asked to jump onto a lifeboat,” Cao recalled．

Upon receiving the may?day appeal（紧急呼救）, China Marine Search and Rescue Centre immediately informed the State Council．The center sent eight lifeboats to the sinking ship and asked for help from the Ministry of Agriculture, the Navy and nearby fishing boats．

After more than four hours of fighting strong winds and freezing ocean water, the passengers were rescued．All but four survived．These four died after spending too long time in the freezing waters, according to a spokesperson for the Beijing-based center．

46．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A．The film “Titanic” had been on show again in Shanghai．

B．Cao’s two-year-old son was the youngest passenger on board．

C．“Liaoludu 7” with all passengers on board survived．

D．The ferry began to sink on the way to the port of Shangdong Province．

47．The underlined word “scared” in paragraph 4 means “__________” in English．

A．anxious        B．unfortunate   C．frightened     D．disappointed

48．From the passage we can infer that __________．

A．China Marine Search and Rescue Centre quickly carried out the rescue task

B．the center sent eight lifeboats and asked for help from the United Nations

C．the passengers were fighting strong winds and freezing ocean water for one hour

D．the ferry sank into the sea immediately it tilted on its side at 2:30 pm

 

 

第二部分 阅读理解（共25小题。第一节每题2分，第二节每题2分，共50分）

第一节  阅读每段短文，从题后所给的A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Smoking is habit that’s closely linked to certain times and places. If you break these links, you can break the habit. The best way of doing this is to avoid the situations where you want a cigarette. If you can’t avoid them, then you will have to fight off the temptation（诱惑）. Sit down and think about when and where you usually have a cigarette. For example, do you always have one after breakfast? After other meals? In breaks at work? When you are watching television? With friends in the pub? Once you stop smoking, these times and places are going to be the danger spots. So work out how you are going to deal with them.

It will also help if you can make new habits to break the old one of smoking. So plan some new activities to replace smoking-things to draw away your attention, things to do with your hands, and different ways to deal with tensions.

Some people find it helps if they cut down on cigarettes before they actually give up. It’s one way of preparing for the day you stop for good. But don’t look on cutting down as an alternative to giving up, and don’t do it for more than a couple of weeks at the very most. The danger is that you go back to smoking more than you did before

1. What is the best way to stop smoking?

  A. Avoid situations where you feel like a cigarette.

  B. Avoid working with smokers in the same place.

  C. Sit down and think about the situations where you moke.

  D. Do not bring cigarettes with you when you take a rest.

2. The underlined part “The danger spots” are _______________. 

  A. the beginning and ending of a period when you stop smoking

  B. the time period when you relax yourself

  C. the times and places which link to smoking habit

  D. the time when you start smoking

3. Which of the following activities can be used to stop smoking?

  A. Something you are able to do in your spare time.

  B. Something that might improve your skills.

  C. Something you do not like to do when you are free.

  D. Something that might interest you in your spare time.

4. One of the ways to stop smoking is to        .

  A. give up smoking together with a group of friends

  B. reduce gradually the number of cigarettes you have every day

  C. increase the time that you spend on other hobbies

  D. take drugs to prevent you from feeling like smoking

 

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