题目内容
One factor that can influence consumers is their mood(情绪) state. Mood may be described 1 a temporary and mild positive or negative feeling that is generalized and not tied to any particular circumstance. Moods should be 2 from feelings which are usually much more stronger 3 to specific circumstances, and often conscious. In one sense, the effect of a consumer’s mood can be thought of in 4 the same way as our reactions to the 5 of our friends — when our friends are happy and “up”, that tends to influence us positively, but when they are “down”, that can have a negative impact on us. 6, consumers operating under a given mood state tend to react to stimuli(刺激因素) in a direction consistent with that mood state. Thus, for example, we should expect to see consumers in a positive mood state evaluate products in more of a 7 manner than they would when not in such a state. Moreover, mood states appear able to enhance(增强) a consumer’s memory.
Moods appear to be readily influenced by marketing 8. For example, the rhythm(节奏), pitch, and volume of music has been shown to influence behavior such as 9 of time spent in supermarkets or intention to purchase products. In addition, advertising can influence consumer’s moods which, in 10, are more likely to influence consumers’ reactions to products.
- 1.
- A.as
- B.about
- C.by
- D.with
- A.
- 2.
- A.developed
- B.discouraged
- C.divided
- D.distinguished
- A.
- 3.
- A.related
- B.referred
- C.attached
- D.associated
- A.
- 4.
- A.nearly
- B.much
- C.even
- D.still
- A.
- 5.
- A.signal
- B.gesture
- C.view
- D.behavior
- A.
- 6.
- A.Similarly
- B.However
- C.Therefore
- D.Besides
- A.
- 7.
- A.casual
- B.confident
- C.serious
- D.favorable
- A.
- 8.
- A.tendency
- B.techniques
- C.temperature
- D.operation
- A.
- 9.
- A.degree
- B.amount
- C.number
- D.range
- A.
- 10.
- A.turn
- B.total
- C.detail
- D.depth
- A.
It has been argued that an infant under three who is cared for outside the home may suffer because of the separation from his parents.The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby believes that separation from the parents during the sensitive "attachment" period from birth to three may scar (留下疤痕) a child's personality and incline to emotional problems in later life.Some people have drawn the conclusion from Bowlby's work that children should not be sent to day care before the age of three, and many people do believe this.But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion.
Firstly, anthropologists (人类学家) point out that the hidden love between children and parents found in modem societies does not usually exist in traditional societies.For example, we saw earlier that among the Ngonis the father and mother of a child did not raise their infant alone.But traditional societies are so different from modern societies that comparisons based on just one factor are hard to understand.
Secondly, common sense tells us that day care would not be so widespread today if parents and caretakers found that children had problems with it.But Bowlby's analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects.The possibility that such care might lead to more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later can only be noticed by the use of statistics.Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out, and even if they were, the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial.
Thirdly, in the last decade, there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care, and they have reported that day care had a neutral of slightly positive effect on children's development.But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue.
【小题1】This passage is mainly talking about________.
A.children's personality |
B.advantages of infants' early care |
C.infants' education |
D.negative effect of infant school |
A.nursing school | B.baby-sitter |
C.boarding school | D.primary school |
A.should not be sent to school |
B.should be cared for outside the home |
C.will not suffer fro m parental separation |
D.don't mind who will look after them |
A.children have problems with day care |
B.there is no negative effect on infants who go to school before three |
C.there is a long-term effect on infants who go to school before three |
D.children who are sent to school before three are sent to mental illness |
Bali is an Indonesia island that is rich in indigenous (本土的) culture.A lot of people say that Balinese culture is unique and that the people of Bali have always been contented with the "now".If you ask a Balinese person what heaven is like, the probable answer will be "just like Bali".This only goes to show that most Balinese people are happy to be where they are and never worry.
One factor that contributes to this laidback lifestyle is the culture of close family ties in Bali.In the Balinese culture, support is always available.Balinese extended families are so tightly knit that all members usually reside in the same complex.
Balinese culture is based on a form of this religion, which is called "Hindu Darma".This religion reached the island during the eleventh century.Most of the family customs and
traditions as well as community lifestyles of the Balinese people are influenced by this.The religious influence even expands widely into the arts, which makes Bali distinct from the rest of Indonesia.
In spite of the fact that tourists flood to the island every year, Balinese people have managed to conserve their culture.Almost every native of Bali is an artist in some form or another.Parents and villagers have passed on their skills to their children, who all seem to have inclinations (爱好) either to music, dance, painting, and decor.
Another remarkable mark of the Balinese culture is the series of ceremonies and rituals known as the Manusa Yadnya.This marks the different stages of Balinese life.Cremation (火葬) is very popular on this island—and unlike in the West, death is a joyous and colorful event for the Balinese.
【小题1】What do we know about Balinese according to the first two paragraphs?
A.They lead a very relaxing but unwealthy life. |
B.They live in large families and are close to each other. |
C.Their family members are distributed in different places. |
D.Their extended families live too close together to get along well. |
A.people's tight family relationship |
B.the family customs and traditions |
C.people's great affection for religion |
D.the influence of Hinduism on their culture |
A.preserve | B.spread | C.form | D.expand |
A.express deep sorrow at his death |
B.celebrate the death like a great event |
C.sing and dance joyfully in his honor |
D.remember what he did in his lifetime |
A.Balinese religion. | B.The lifestyle of Balinese. |
C.Balinese culture. | D.The tourism in Bali. |
When Mrs.Joseph Groeger died recently in Vienna,Austria,people asked the obvious question,“Why did she live to be 107?” .Answers were provided by a survey conducted among 148 Viennese men and women who had reached the age of 100.Somewhat surprising was the fact that the majority had lived most of their lives in cities.In spite of the city’s image as an unhealthy place,city living often provides benefits that country living can lack.One factor seems to be important to the longevity(长寿)of those interviewed.
This factor is exercise.In the cities it is often faster to walk short distances than to wait for a bus.Even taking public transportation often requires some walking.Smaller apartment houses have no elevators(电梯),and so people must climb stairs.City people can usually walk to local supermarkets. Since parking spaces are hard to find,there is often no alternative to walking.
On the other hand,those who live in the country and suburbs do not have to walk every day.In fact,the opposite is often true.To go to school,work,or almost anywhere else,they must ride in cars.
【小题1】The Vienna survey may help to explain _____
A.the complaints of people in apartment houses |
B.the cause of Mrs Groeger’s death |
C.the longevity of people like Mrs.Groeger |
D.the image of cities in general |
A.benefits of walking |
B.occasions for walking in city life |
C.comments made by city people |
D.problems of city living |
A.to take the elevator |
B.to walk up the stairs |
C.to ride in a car |
D.to find an alternative to walking |
A.they don’t live near business areas |
B.they don’t need the exercise |
C.they never have parking problems |
D.they can’t afford to take the bus |
A.air pollution is not serious |
B.anyone can live to be 107 |
C.country people should move to the city |
D.walking is a healthful exercise |
When Mrs.Joseph Groeger died recently in Vienna,Austria,people asked the obvious question,“Why did she live to be 107?” .Answers were provided by a survey conducted among 148 Viennese men and women who had reached the age of 100.Somewhat surprising was the fact that the majority had lived most of their lives in cities.In spite of the city’s image as an unhealthy place,city living often provides benefits that country living can lack.One factor seems to be important to the longevity(长寿)of those interviewed.
This factor is exercise.In the cities it is often faster to walk short distances than to wait for a bus.Even taking public transportation often requires some walking.Smaller apartment houses have no elevators(电梯),and so people must climb stairs.City people can usually walk to local supermarkets. Since parking spaces are hard to find,there is often no alternative to walking.
On the other hand,those who live in the country and suburbs do not have to walk every day.In fact,the opposite is often true.To go to school,work,or almost anywhere else,they must ride in cars.
1.The Vienna survey may help to explain _____
A.the complaints of people in apartment houses |
B.the cause of Mrs Groeger’s death |
C.the longevity of people like Mrs.Groeger |
D.the image of cities in general |
2.The purpose of the second paragraph is to list some _____
A.benefits of walking |
B.occasions for walking in city life |
C.comments made by city people |
D.problems of city living |
3.To reach the third floor of a building, it would probably be most healthful __
A.to take the elevator |
B.to walk up the stairs |
C.to ride in a car |
D.to find an alternative to walking |
4.People who live in the country probably do more driving than walking because __
A.they don’t live near business areas |
B.they don’t need the exercise |
C.they never have parking problems |
D.they can’t afford to take the bus |
5.A conclusion that can be drawn from this passage is that__________
A.air pollution is not serious |
B.anyone can live to be 107 |
C.country people should move to the city |
D.walking is a healthful exercise |