Darek Fidyka, a 38-year-old Bulgarian, had been paralysed from the chest down for four years after a knife attack. Scientists from Britain and Poland took cells from his nose, transplanted them into h 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Darek Fidyka, a 38-year-old Bulgarian, had been paralysed (瘫痪的) from the chest down for four years after a knife attack. Scientists from Britain and Poland took cells from his nose, transplanted (移植) them into his back and re-grew his spinal cord (脊髓). Now he can walk and even drive a car. The doctors were delighted but said it was the first step in a long journey.

The breakthrough came after 40 years of research by Professor Geoff Raisman, who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal (鼻腔的) nerves, the only part of the nervous system that constantly re-grows. “The idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself, and does so throughout life, and put it into an area that doesn’t repair itself,” Professor Raisman said.

Polish doctors injected the nasal cells into Mr Fidyka’s spinal cord above and below the injury and used some nerves from his ankle to form a bridge across the damaged tissue. The nasal cells appear to have caused the spinal nerves to repair themselves.

Professor Raisman achieved this with rats in the late 1990s, but this is his greatest success. “I think the moment of discovery for me was Christmas in 1997 when I first saw a rat that couldn’t control its hand put its hand out to me. That was an exciting moment, because I realised then that my belief that the nervous system could be repaired was true.”

Doctors chose the easiest case for their first attempt — it might not work for others. But there is a real sense of hope that an idea once thought impossible has been realised.

David Nicholls, who helped provide money for the breakthrough, said information about the breakthrough would be made available to researchers across the globe.

“What you’ve got to understand is that for three million paralysed people in the world today, the world looks a totally brighter place than it did yesterday,” he said.

1.Why did Professor Geoff Raisman choose cells from the nose?

A. The nervous system in the nose can repair itself.

B. Cells in the nose can be easily transplanted.

C. Cells in the nose re-produce rapidly.

D. He just wanted to give it a try.

2.Why did the operation work for Darek Fidyka?

A. The nasal cells re-produced and spread quickly.

B. The nerves from his ankle helped cure the injury.

C. The nervous system in the spinal cord can repair itself.

D. The nasal cells helped the spinal nerves to repair themselves.

3.What made Professor Geoff Raisman believe the nervous system can be repaired?

A. His study on animals.

B. His operation on a paralysed patient.

C. His sudden thoughts about Christmas.

D. His unusual experience with a sick rat.

4.David Nicholls’ words suggest that _____.

A. the world is becoming better and brighter

B. paralysed people have the hope of recovery

C. the report of the breakthrough will be published soon

D. researchers across the globe will carry out the operation

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书面表达

假定你是李华，最近有家网站以“看到有老人摔倒你是否会上前救助”为题邀请公众展开讨论。请你写一篇文章参与该网站的讨论。内容包括：

1. 你的做法

2. 你的原因

3. 你的倡议

注意：1. 可适当增加细节

2. 词数100词左右，开头已给出（不计入总词数）

I’m Li Hua, a senior three student. About this heated discussion, ________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

Climate change will bring greater extremes in weather, the Government’s chief scientific adviser has warned as he called for action to deal with global warming. Professor Sir John Beddington says the effects of climate change on the weather are already being felt in the UK.

“In a sense we have moved from the idea of global warming to the idea of climate change, and that is rather important. Temperatures are increasing and there are more changes in our weather,” he said.

Even if effective action is taken now on global warming, he says there will be great climate change over the next 20 to 25 years as a result of past global problems.

“We have serious problems in the world --- in 12 years there will be another billion people on the planet and we have big issues of food security, water security and energy security, and many people will start to be living in cities,” he said. “These are serious problem; climate change is just going to make it worse.”

He said there were some “uncertainties” in the analysis of climate and climate change. “But those uncertainties are completely unimportant in comparison（比较）with a great deal of evidence that shows it is happening in the sort of ways climate models would expect,” he said. “For example, the Arctic is heating up faster than other parts of the world --- this is exactly what the climate scientists are predicting.”

Sir John’s views were made as Britain experienced freezing cold weather and snow, with thousands of homes across the UK without power. England and Wales experienced 10 separate flooding events between April and December last year after widespread drought gave way to the wettest summer in a century, with unusually high rainfall totals and river levels around the country.

1.Which of the following is NOT one of the things that Sir John says?

A. We need more action to deal with global warming.

B. Climate change will make some big problems worse.

C. Climate change will bring greater extremes in weather.

D. England will experience more extremes in weather than Wales.

2.How long will it be before our planet has another billion people?

A. 25 years. B. 20 years

C. 12 years. D. 10 years.

3.What is Sir John’s attitude towards the Climate scientists’ prediction?

A. Puzzled. B. Trusting.

C. Uncertain. D. Doubtful.

4.In recent years, which of the following has the UK NOT experienced?

A. Widespread drought.

B. Many flooding events.

C. Freezing cold weather.

D. Several big earthquakes.

5.What is the main purpose of this report?

A. To call for effective action on climate change.

B. To introduce Professor Sir John and his opinions.

C. To prove that the UK has experienced a series of disasters.

D. To show how correct the climate scientists’ predictions are.

完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

One day Anderson, who then looked poor and hungry, saw an old lady who obviously needed help. So he ___________ up in front of her Benz car and got out.

He went down under her car and fixed everything soon. But he had to get 42 and his hands hurt. The old lady told him she couldn’t ___________ him enough for coming to her aid. She asked how much she owed him. Any ___________ would have been all right with her. However, Anderson told her that ___________ she really wanted to pay him back, the next time she saw someone who needed help, she could give that person the___________they needed.

Anderson waited until the old lady drove off. A few miles down the road the lady saw a small ___________ . She went in to get something to eat. The waitress gave her a warm welcome and brought a clean ___________to wipe her wet hair. The lady noticed the waitress was obviously pregnant(怀孕的), but she ___________ let the aches change her___________ . The old lady wondered how someone like this could be so giving to a stranger. Then she remembered Anderson.

After the ___________ , she paid with a hundred dollar bill. The waitress quickly went to get the ___________but the old lady was gone by the time the waitress ___________. The waitress then noticed something written on the napkin(餐巾): “You don’t ___________ me anything. I have been ___________ too. Somebody once helped me out, the way I’m helping you. If you really want to pay me back, here is what you do: Do not let this chain of love ___________ with you.” Under the ___________ were four more $100 bills.

Later that night when the waitress was ___________ , she was thinking about the money and what the lady had written. How could the lady have known how much she and her husband needed it? With the baby due next month and a small income, it was going to be ___________ …

She knew how ___________ her husband was, and as he lay sleeping next to her, she gave her husband a soft kiss, “Everything’s going to be all right. I love you, Anderson.”

1.A. stood B. put C. pulled D. came

2.A. disabled B. hungry C. tired D. dirty

3.A. pay B. thank C. clean D. ask

4.A. amount B. number C. help D. request

5.A. when B. although C. if D. unless

6.A. assistance B. service C. money D. promise

7.A. station B. shop C. garage D. cafe

8.A. towel B. coat C. paper D. menu

9.A. ever B. often C. sometimes D. hardly

10.A. looks B. salary C. attitude D. job

11.A. rest B. meal C. conversation D. stop

12.A. change B. bills C. drinks D. sandwich

13.A. rushed out B. came out C. turned back D. came back

14.A. give B. leave C. owe D. charge

15.A. there B. poor C. helpless D. hopeful

16.A. connect B. stay C. end D. return

17.A. desk B. bill C. plate D. napkin

18.A. in the garden B. in bed C. at home D. in the kitchen

19.A. disappointing B. hard C. easy D. grateful

20.A. surprised B. worried C. tired D. painful

短文改错

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last Monday, my classmate and I saw some people gathering around in our way to school. In order to see what was happening, so we got close enough and found an old woman lie on the ground. The people around her just stand there, watching and chatting. We were worried about her and decided to take her to the hospital immediate. It turned out that she lost her balance but fell. She had to stay in hospital, so we called her family. Soon his son came and thanked us by offering us money. We refused money and left. Hurried to school, we found we were late. To our delight though, our teacher praised us for that we had done and we felt very proud.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

He was a professor. At the age of 90, he still worked eight hours every day regardless 1. the weather.

His secretary said: “He was extremely old, but he forced himself to walk from his living place to the office through two blocks. 2. would take him an hour to do so, but he insisted because it made him get a sense of 3. (succeed).”

One day, a university student 4.(step) out of his office with a pile of books. He complained: “He always answers my questions with just a yes or no. However, he always gives me dozens of books and suggests me 5. (find) the answer on my own.”

By chance, the professor knew 6. the student complained about. He explained to him with a smile: “This is the method I have learnt---the 7. (hard) you work independently, the better solutions you will find. If you can make full use of the books, you will 8. (probable) become a good lawyer in the future.”

This 90-year-old man was Pound, 9. was the president of Law College of Harvard. He believed “all slopes are easy10. ( go)”, of which he often reminded his students.

书面表达

暑期马上到了，有些高中生打算利用假期做兼职工作，对此人们有不同的看法。请用英语写一篇100词左右的文章，发表你对这个现象的看法。

要点：

1、中学生兼职的优点（1.赚零花钱；2.提高交际能力；3.获取社会经验）

2、中学生兼职的缺点（1.影响学习；2.引发安全问题；3.引起父母担忧）

3、你的看法

注意：1. 根据以上内容写一篇短文，不要逐句翻译，可适当展开；

2. 词数100左右。参考词汇：现象：phenomenon

More and more high school students go to find part-time jobs during summer vacation.

Once upon a time, there was a wonderful old man who loved everything on the land —— animals and plants.

One day while walking through the woods, the old man found a cocoon of a butterfly. He took it home. A few days later, a small opening appeared; he sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could and it could go no farther. Then the man decided to help the butterfly, so he took a pair of scissors and cut the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then came out easily.

But it had a swollen body and small, shriveled wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment, the wings would enlarge and expand to be able to support the body, or they would be smaller. Neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled （枯萎）wings. It never was able to fly.

What the man in his kindness and hurry did not understand was that the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening was nature’s way of forcing fluid from the body of the butterfly into its wings so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.

Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life. If we were allowed to go through our life without any difficulties, it would cripple (无能) us. We would not be as strong as what we could have been. And we could never fly.

1.The old man cut the cocoon in order to ____.

A. kill the butterfly

B. play with the butterfly

C. make the butterfly come out easily

D. have the butterfly

2.The reason why the butterfly could not fly is that _____.

A. the old man broke its wings

B. it was too small

C. newly born butterflies can’t fly

D. it came out of its cocoon without enough struggle

3.What can we know from the passage?

A. That old man was fond of everything except the butterfly.

B. It was the old man that stopped the butterfly flying.

C. The old man realized his mistake.

D. It’s not hard for the butterfly to come out of the cocoon.

4.What does the author want to tell us by writing the passage?

A .We should help others.

B. Without others' help we can still succeed.

C. Struggles in our life can make us stronger.

D. Butterflies can fly without people’s help.

短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用(＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Mary,

I receive your E-mail just now. Don’t worry about me. I was getting on well with my research work in the lab. To my greatly surprise, you say you will give up learn English. The reason is because you have not done well in it recently and you have lost interests. I’m afraid that I can’t agree with you. I know it is difficulty to learn English, yet English is widely used in the world today. It will be important tool in our future work. Beside, it is becoming more and more important in our daily life. The more harder you study, the more successful you will be. Do remember that where there is a will, there is a way. I’ m looking forward to hearing good news from you.

Yours,

Li Hua

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