题目内容
6.Sometimes having a teenager at home can be a real headache.Many teenagers smoke,drink,wear strange hairdos and even fight.Basically,they are often taking risks.Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group,including children and adults.Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong?Not really.So what explains their risky behavior?
According to Laurence Steinberg,a professor at Temple University,US,the reason is that teens care a lot about how their peers (同龄人) view them-that's the effect of"peer influence",reported Science Daily.
As children enter their teenage years,they spend more time with their friends and classmates and also become more sensitive to their feedback (反馈).This sensitivity drives teenagers to concentrate on the short-term benefits of making risky choices and overlook the costs.
In a test,a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game.When they played with their friends watching,they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning.But when they played alone,they tended to drive more safely.
Why does pressure from peers have such a big influence on teens'behavior?
As Steinberg sees it,a teenager's brain is like a car with a good accelerator (油门) but a weak brake (刹车).The"accelerator",the brain's ability to notice the benefits of things,is fully developed by teenage years while the"brake",the brain part related to controlling impulses (冲动) and long-term thinking,is still immature.When teens are under the pressure of being judged by their peers,they tend to push hard on the accelerator.Given how weak the brake is,it is likely that they are going to end up in a crash.
But the good news here,according to Steinberg,is that a violent teenager doesn't necessarily become a violent adult.About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it."They get more self-controlled,"Steinberg told Live Science.
Also,people who haven't committed a violent crime by age 19are less likely to start doing it later,added Steinberg.
41.The underlined word"irrational"in the second paragraph is closest in meaning toA.
A.crazy B.quick
C.careful D.independent
42.Why are teenagers likely to take risks according to the text?C
A.They are too young to tell right from wrong.
B.They are eager to challenge themselves.
C.They care a lot about what their peers think of them.
D.Their brains are more sensitive to thrilling events.
43.How does Steinberg explain the influence of peer pressure on teens'behavior?C
A.By performing an in-depth analysis.
B.By giving examples.
C.By using a metaphor (比喻).
D.By presenting research findings.
44.According to the text,with peers around them,teenagers tend toD.
A.use more self-control
B.become more careful about what they do
C.perform better than when they are alone
D.focus more on short-term benefits
45.What can we conclude from the text?B
A.Those who love taking risks are more likely to commit violent crimes.
B.The majority of teenagers become less violent when they grow up.
C.Violent teenagers often grow to be adults who cannot control themselves well.
D.People who are over 19years old are less likely to commit a crime than teenagers.
分析 本文主要讲述了先前的研究表明:青少年比任何其他年龄组的人更容易做出非理性的决定,这是因为青少年在意同龄人对他们的看法.最后研究表明暴力青少年并不一定会成为暴力成年人.
解答 41.A词义猜测题.根据第二段Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group,including children and adults.可知先前的研究已经表明,青少年比任何其他年龄组的人更容易做出疯狂的决定.由此推知,"irrational"的意思是"疯狂的".故选A.
42.C细节理解题.根据第三段the reason is that teens care a lot about how their peers (同龄人) view them-that's the effect of"peer influence",可知青少年可能冒险的原因是他们在意同龄人对他们的看法.故选C.
43.C细节理解题.根据第七段As Steinberg sees it,a teenager's brain is like a car with a good accelerator (油门) but a weak brake (刹车).可知Steinberg把青少年的大脑比喻成油门好而刹车差的汽车,由此解释来自同龄人的压力对他们行为的影响.故选C.
44.D推理判断题.根据第四段This sensitivity drives teenagers to concentrate on the short-term benefits of making risky choices and overlook the costs.可知青少年更加注重短期效益.故选D.
45.B推理判断题.根据倒数第二段.About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it.可知大约三分之二到四分之三的暴力青年长大后能自我控制.故选B.
点评 本文考察学生的理解推断能力以及细心程度,只要抓住文章的关键词,采用寻读的方法查找细节,就能找到正确答案.
A. | an,a | B. | a,the | C. | the,a | D. | a,a |
A. | congratulation | B. | celebration | C. | prayer | D. | blessing |
-Definitely not,but must be paid to the global climate change.( )
A. | attention | B. | care | C. | contact | D. | influence |
A. | hold up | B. | give out | C. | get along | D. | hang on |
A. | unless | B. | as soon as | C. | until | D. | as long as |