题目内容

Humans have observed and explored the oceans since ancient times.But it wasn’t until the 19th century that the scientific study of oceans began.The first major scientific expedition,and the one that firmly established the field of oceanography,was the around-the-world voyage of H.M.S.  Challenger.Setting out from England in 1872,the Challenger spent almost three and a half years gathering a wealth of information about seawater,sea life,and the ocean floor.Major oceanographic expeditions since then have included the South Atlantic voyage of the German ship Meteor in 1926 and the Deep-Sea Drilling Project from 1968 to 1983.Many individuals also have played important roles in advancing our understanding of oceans,beginning with Matthew Fontaine Maury in the mid-1800s;his work on oceanography and navigation led to a uniform system of weather reporting at sea.Since Maury’s time,oceanography has progressed rapidly.Early oceanographers had to contend themselves with tossing buckets overboard to see what they might haul in.Today’s oceanographers are equipped with space images,supercomputer models,and deep-sea robots that can crawl along the seafloor.As they set goals for the future,some oceanographers even dream of doing research in permanently manned stations on the bottom of the oceans.
【小题1】Which of the following statements is true?

A．Humans didn’t explore the oceans until the 19th century.
B．Maury first established the field of oceanography.
C．Maury spent a lot of time in studying seawater,sea life,and the bottom of the ocean.
D．Many individuals also plays a very important part in advancing our understanding of oceans,such as Maury.
【小题2】How many expeditions are mentioned in this passage?
A．Four.B．Three.C．Five.D．Two.
【小题3】What can we infer from the passage?
A．The process of the oceanography has stopped at one time.
B．Maury’s work on oceanography contributes a lot to weather reporting at sea.
C．Nowadays the equipment for studying the oceans needs improving,because it is out of date.
D．The expeditions in the past had great difficulty and made a lot of efforts in order to study the oceans.


【小题1】D
【小题2】B
【小题3】D

解析

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Even if you don’t have a timepiece of some sort nearby, your body keeps its own beat. Humans have an internal clock that regulates (调节) the beating of our heart, the pace of our breathing, the discharge (排出) of chemicals within our bloodstream, and many other bodily functions.

Time is something from which we can’t escape. Even if we ignore it, it’s still going by, ticking away, second by second, minute by minute, hour by hour. So the main issue in using your time well is, “Who’s in charge?” We can allow time to slip by and let it be our enemy. Or we can take control of it and make it our ally.

By taking control of how you spend your time, you’ll increase your chances of becoming a more successful student. Perhaps more importantly, the better you are at managing the time you devote to your studies, the more time you’ll have to spend on your outside interests.

The aim of time management is not to schedule every moment so we become slaves of a timetable that governs every waking moment of the day. Instead, the aim is to make informed choices as to how we use our time. Rather than letting the day go by, largely without our awareness, what we are going to discuss next can make us better able to control time for our own purposes.

The underlined word “ally” in Para. 3 more likely means somebody or something that is _________.

   A. your slave and serves you   B. your supporter and helps you

   C. under your control and obeys you      D. under your influence and follows you

The author intends to tell us that time _____________.

   A. could be regulated by a timepiece such as a clock or a watch

   B. could be managed by the internal clock of human bodies

   C. should be well managed for our own interest

   D. should be saved for outside interests

In the next part, the author would most probably discuss with you ________.

   A. how to keep up with the times    B. how to make up for lost time

   C. how to have a good time     D. how to make good use of time

Every day we experience one of the wonders of the world around us without even realizing it．It is not the amazing complexity of television, nor the impressive technology of transport．The universal wonder we share and experience is our ability to make noise without mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each other’s minds．This ability comes so naturally that we tend to forget what a miracle （奇迹） it is．

       Obviously, the ability to talk is something that marks humans off from animal．Of course, some animals have powers just as amazing, Birds can fly thousands miles by observing positions of the stars in the sky in relation to the time of day and year．In Nature’s talent show, humans are a species of animal that have developed their own special act．If we reduce it to basic terms, it’s an ability for communicating information to others, by varying sounds we make as we breathe out．

       Not that we don’t have other powers of communication．Our facial expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, or joy, or disappointment．The way we hold our heads can indicate to others whether we are happy or sad．This is so-called “body language”．Bristling （直立的） fur is an unmistakable warning of attack among many animals．Similarly, the bowed head or drooping tail shows a readiness to take second place in any animal gathering．

       Such a means of communication is a basic mechanism that animals, including human beings, instinctively acquire and display．Is the ability to speak just another sort of instinct? If so, how did human beings acquire this amazing skills ? Biologist can readily indicate that particular area of our brain where speech mechanisms function, but this doesn’t tell us how that part of our bodies originated in our biological history．

According to the passage, the wonder we take for granted is         ．

       A．our ability to use language

       B．the miracle of technology

       C．the amazing power of nature

       D．our ability to make noises with mouth

What feature of “body language” mentioned in the passage is common to both human an animals?

       A．Lifting heads when sad．

       B．Keeping long faces when angry．

       C．Bristling hair when ready to attack．

       D．Bowing heads when willing to obey．

What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

       A．Body language is unique to humans．

       B．Humans are no different from animals to some degree．

       C．Humans have other powers of communication．

       D．Animals express emotions just as humans do．

This passage is mainly about           ．

       A．the development of body language．

       B．the special role humans play in nature

       C．the power to convey information to others

       D．the difference between humans and animals in language use

What time is it? Most people are pretty accurate in their answer. And if you don’t know for sure, it’s a very likely that you can find out. There may be a watch on your wrist, there may be a clock on the wall, desk, or computer screen; or maybe you’re riding in a car that has a clock in the dashboard (仪表板).

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Time is something from which we can’t escape. Even if we ignore it, it’s still going by, ticking away, second by second, minute by minute, hour by hour. So the main issue in using your time well is, “Who’s in charge?” We can allow time to slip by and let it be our enemy. Or we can take control of it and make it our ally.

By taking control of how you spend your time, you’ll increase your chances of becoming a more successful student. Perhaps more importantly, the better you are at managing the time you devote to your studies, the more time you’ll have to spend on your outside interests.

The aim of time management is not to schedule every moment so we become slaves of a timetable that governs every waking moment of the day. Instead, the aim is to make informed choices as to how we use our time. Rather than letting the day go by, largely without our awareness, what we are going to discuss next can make us better able to control time for our own purposes.

The underlined word “ally” in Para. 3 more likely means somebody or something that is _________.

   A. your slave and serves you  

B. your supporter and helps you

   C. under your control and obeys you     

D. under your influence and follows you

The author intends to tell us that time _____________.

   A. could be regulated by a timepiece such as a clock or a watch

   B. could be managed by the internal clock of human bodies

   C. should be well managed for our own interest

   D. should be saved for outside interests

In the next part, the author would most probably discuss with you ________.

   A. how to keep up with the times       B. how to make up for lost time

   C. how to have a good time     D. how to make good use of time

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It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence,but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.
【小题1】According to the passage,human death is now mainly caused by _______.

A．diseases and agingB．accidents and war
C．accidents and agingD．heart disease and war
【小题2】In the author’s opinion,today’s most important advance in technology lies in _______.
A．medicineB．the Internet
C．brain cellsD．human organs
【小题3】Humans may live longer in the future because _______.
A．heart disease will be far away from us
B．human brains can decide the final death
C．the basic materials of cells will last forever
D．human organs can be repaired by new medicine
【小题4】We can learn from the passage that _______.
A．human life will not last more than 120 years in the future
B．humans have to take medicine to build new skin cells now
C．much needs to be done before humans can have a longer life
D．we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells

When the Berlin Wall came down in 1989, Leonard Bernstein gave a concert in Berlin, including Beethoven's Ode to Joy, with the word "Joy" changed to "Freedom" in the lyrics sung．The orchestra（管弦乐队）were drawn from both East and West Germany, as well as the United Kingdom, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States．

Freedom was in the air and it was not just for people． The wall between East and West Germany had also kept a large population of wild pigs within the eastern forests of Brandenburg．The wall's falling down made it easier for the big pigs—a very big one can weigh over 300 pounds—to leave the woodlands and walk into the town． Warm winters and easy access to food have helped the population increase． Now about 10,000 wild pigs walk around Berlin．

The nature of the beast has added to the boom（兴旺）．"The pigs are intelligent," says Marc Franusch, a spokesman for the Berlin forestry department． "They learn to use the neighborhoods．They get used to people, dogs, and traffic．"  

The wild pigs tend to travel in small groups and have been found searching rubbish and gardens, feeding their piglets（小猪）in the shadow of parked cars, and crossing busy roads．On average, the animals are involved in one traffic accident every day． And despite the fact that it's illegal, some Berliners have been known to give the pigs food．

Though wild pigs are protected under German law, the city's forestry department is permitted to kill 2,000 of the creatures every year, targeting mostly young adult animals in forests surrounding Berlin． Pigs within city limits are only shot if they make an immediate threat．No humans have yet been seriously wounded by them, but local dogs have been the victims of their tusks． "The forestry department is not aiming to get rid of the pigs," explains Franusch, "but we do have to reduce dangerous situations．"

1.The concert in the first paragraph is given to          ．

A．celebrate Bernstein's success              B．remind people of fighting for rights

C．show the artists' delight of life              D．express people's joy for freedom

2.The following factors contribute to the boom of wild pigs EXCEPT          ．

A．the Berlin Wall                         B．adequate food

C．their own nature                        D．warm winter

3.From the text we can know that          ．

A．in Berlin people can never kill any wild pig

B．it is against law to offer food to wild pigs

C．wild pigs each weigh more than three hundred pounds

D．traffic accidents are mainly caused by wild pigs in Berlin

4.The article mainly talks about           ．

A．why wild pigs in Berlin enjoy so much freedom

B．when wild pigs were united in Berlin

C．how wild pigs are living in Berlin

D．what damage wild pigs have done to Berliners

 

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