题目内容

Like distance runners on measured course, all of us will move through time in a roughly predictable pattern.

In the first stage of our lives, we develop and grow, reaching toward the top of physical vitality (energy).

After we grow up, however, the body begins a process of gradually wearing out.

A new awareness of physical fitness may help lengthen our years of health and vitality, yet nothing we do will work to stop the unavoidable force of aging.

Most of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body. The lungs become less able to take in oxygen. Powerful muscles gradually lose their strength. The heart loses power and pumps less blood. Bones grow easier to break.

Finally, we meet a stress, a stress that is greater than our physical resistance. Often, it is only a minor accident or chance infection (a disease caused by virus), but this time, it brings life to an end.

In 1932, a classic experiment nearly doubled the lifetime of rats, simply by cutting back the calories (unit for measuring the energy value of food) in their diet. The reason for the effect was then unknown.

Today, at the university of California at Berkley, Dr. Paul Seagle has also greatly lengthened the normal lifetime of rats. The result was achieved through a special protein (蛋白质) limited diet, which had a great effect on the chemistry of the brain. Seagle showed that within the brain, specific chemicals control many of the signals that influence aging. By changing that chemical balance, the clock of aging can be reset.

For the first time, the mystery (something that is difficult to understand or to explain) of why we age is being seriously challenged. Scientists in many fields are now making striking and far-reaching discoveries.

An average lifetime lasts 75 years, yet in each of us lies a potential for a longer life. If we could keep the vitality and resistance to disease that we have at age twenty, we would live for 800 years.

 

68．What does the underlined word “it” refer to?

A．Physical vitality.              B．Stress.             C．Aging.                 D．Physical resistance.

69．The author believes the following EXCEPT that         .

A．human’s life pattern is predictable

B．physical fitness can’t stop the force of aging

C．human’s lifetime will last longer than 75 years

D．all of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body

70．How did Dr. Paul Seagle lengthen the lifetime of rats in his experiment?

A．By limiting the protein in their diet.

B．By cutting the calories in their diet.

C．By resetting their clock of aging.

D．By keeping their physical fitness.

71．What is probably the best title for the article?

A．Two Great Experiments                               B．The Mystery of Human Life

C．Ways to lengthen Human Life                       D．The Breakthrough in the Study of Aging

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During these struggling years abroad, Lang Lang worked hard enough for fortune to _______.

A. take over           B. take up            C. take in              D. take on

     Louise was 72 years old and she lived by herself．The flint thing she noticed when she came downstairs that Sunday morning Was that her  36  window was open In fact，it was so wide open that she had  37  closing it．Then she realized that things were not in their proper    38  ．  Finally，when she found her empty  39  on the kitchen table，she realized the awful   40．At first．she didn’t know what to do．Then she decided to  41  her son，Derek．

    Derek，s wife Sybil answered the phone，“it's your mother，”she  42   him，coldly．Louise told Derek about the open window, about things being in the wrong places and about the  43 missing from her purse．

    “All right，”said Derek，“Don’t  44  anything．I'll be  45  in half an hour.”

     Louise  46   and made herself a pot of tea and some toast．Then she went from room to room wondering  47  anything else was missing．

    When Derek arrived．he was content to  48  her looking so calm．“Have you rung the  49    ? he asked.“No”? Then I’ll do that straiight away．”So he rang the police．

    As it was Sunday．  50  the only detectives were out．However，the police were polite，but vague(含糊的)．“We’Il send  51  round as soon as possible，”they said.

    Derek telephoned his wire．“I'm not sure when I'll be home，love．”he told her．“I’ve got to  52  for the police．”while Derek and his mother waited，Derek  51  the catches(挂钩)on the windows and locks on the doors．All of them were old and some of the catches hardly  54  at a11．Derek felt   55 ．His mother was an old woman，after a11．“I'll have to change all these，”he told her．

36．A．kitchen

B．bedroom

C．washroom

D．bathroom

 37．A．strength

B．trouble

C．reason

D．puzzle

 38．A．positions

B．situations

C．directions

D．places

 39．A．purse

B．vase

C．pot

D．envelope

 40．A．mistake

B． message

C．news

D．truth

 41．A．visit

B．ask

C．ring

D．punish

 42．A．invited

B．informed

C．stated

D．scolded

 43．A．money

B．coin

C．note

D．bill

 44．A．say

B．move

C．touch

D．prepare

 45．A．round

B．here

C．off

D．away

 46．A．sighed

B．relaxed

C．whispered

D．hurried

 47．A．how

B．why

C．if

D．where

 48．A．realize

B．find

C．know

D．sense

 49．A．hospital

B．neighbour

C．police

D．friend

 50．A．generally

B．1uckily

C．considerably

D．unfortunately

 51．A．someone

B．anyone

C．everyone

D．none

 52．A．hope

B．ask

C．wait

D．call

 53．A．tested

B．repaired

C．fixed

D．examined

 54．A．locked

B．worked

C．helped

D．opened

 55．A．excited

B．silly

C．worried

D．guilty

    When a dirty and untidy orange cat showed up in the prison yard，I was one of the first to go  out there and pet it. I hadn’t touched a cat or a dog in over 20 years．I spent at least 20 minutes， knelt down behind the kitchen as the cat rolled around，relaxed．What he was expressing outwardly， I was feeling inwardly．It was an amazing bit of grace to feel him under my hand and note that I was reaching a life or another creature with something as simple as my care.

   Over the next few days，there were other prisoners responding to the cat．Every yard period，a group of prisoners gathered there．They stood around talking and taking turns petting the cat. These were guys you wouldn't usually find talking to each other．Several times I saw an officer in the group，not chasing people away，but just watching and seeming to enjoy along with the prisoners. Bowls of milk and water appeared along with bread，wisely placed under the edge of the dustbin to keep the birds from getting it．

    The cat was obviously homeless and in pretty bad shape .People said that the cat came to the right place．He’s getting treated like a king．This was true，but as I watched I was also thinking about what the cat was doing for us．There was a lot of talk about what’s wrong with prisons in  America．We need more programs．We need more psychologists or treatment of various kinds, Some may even talk about making prisons more kind． But I think what we really need is a chance to practice our own kindness , Not receive it , but give it, After more than two decades here, I know kindness is not a value that’s encouraged. It’s often seen as a weakness, Instead, the culture encourages keeping your head down, minding your own business, and never letting yourself be weak.

     The cat did my heart good to see the effect he had on me and the men here, By simply saying ,“I need some help here”, he did something important for us, He needed us , And we needed to be needed, I believe we all do.

 

60. From the passage , we can learn that the author was         

A . an animal protector         B .the owner of the cat

C . a prison officer               D . a prisoner

61. Which of the following statements is true?

A . The cat was dirty because it was kept in prison.

B . The officer in the prison enjoyed petting the cat.

C . The prisoners prepared food for both the cat and birds.

D . The author realized the importance of practicing kindness.

62. We can infer from the third paragraph that         

A . showing love to others can make prisoners strong

B . the American prison culture will be improved

C . the author is not content with the prison culture

D . caring for others is encouraged in American prisons

63. What is the best title for the passage?

A . Caring Makes us Human        B . Prison Culture is Important

C . Animals Need Care               D . Everyone Needs to be Cared for

The group of the aged is close companions, and many of _________ have known each other for decades.

A. them            B. that                C. whom             D. what

Don’t interrupt while another student is speaking，　　　　　　?

    A．will you  　  B．won’t you   　　 C．do you 　　　　D don’t you

If I had         , I’d go to Africa alone, stopping at all the interesting places.

A．an enough long holiday                                B．a long enough holiday

C．a holiday enough long                                  D．a long holiday enough

People always think about “the problem of youth”. If there is one which I take leave to doubt- it is older people who create it, not young themselves. Let us get down to fundamental s and then the young are after all human beings people just like their elders. There is only one difference between and old man and young one: the young man has a beautiful future before him while the old man a splendid future behind him and maybe that id where the rub is.

When I was a teenager, I felt that I was just young and unknown that I was a new boy in a hug w school, and I would have been very pleased to be regarded as something so interesting as a problem. For one thing, being a problem gives you a certain identity, and that is one of the thing s the young are busily engaged in seeking.

I find young people exciting .they have and air of freedom, and they have not a dull promise to mean ambitious or love of comfort .they are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to important things .all this seems to me to ling then with life, and the origin of things .it’s as if they were some sense of cosmic beings in violent and lovely contract with us suburban creatures. all that is in my mind when I need a young person .he may be too proud, ill-mannered or self-satisfied, but I do not turn for protection to boring clichés about respect for elders as if age were a reason for respect .I accept that we are equals, and I will argue with them, as an equal, if I think he is wrong.

 

72. By “problem of youth” people mean the problem ______

A. caused by young people        B. need to be solve d by young people

C. young people meet                D. created by the old for the young

73. The underlined word “rub” id closest in meaning to _____

A. fact      B. age        C. future          D. difficulty

74. One of the thing s the young are engaged in is that they want t o______

A. climb up the social ladder          B. have freedom

C. be know                                  D. make troubles

75. By saying “anxious social climbers “, the writer refers to ____.

A. some mean adults                B. ambitious young people

C. capable political leaders        D. people who pursue comfort

       Age has its special advantages in America .  And one of the more impressive of them is the senior citizen discount .  Anyone who has reached a certain age ― in some cases as low as 55 ― is automatically entitled to plenty of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life .  Eligibility (资格) is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate .  Practically the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses ― as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners .  

       People with array hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them ; yet , millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的) .  Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans .  The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “ elderly ” and “ needy ” are synonymous (同义的) .  Perhaps that once was true , but today , to be sure , there is economic variety within the elderly , and most of them aren’t poor .  

       It is impossible to determine the effect of the discounts on individual companies .  For many firms , they are a stimulus to income .  But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense , directly or indirectly , of younger Americans .  Moreover , they directly annoy some politicians and scholars who consider it a coming conflict between the generations .  

       Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits , which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old .  Employment is another point .  Supported by laws and court decisions , more and more older Americans are refusing the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job ― thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers .  Far from a kind of charity they once were , senior citizen discounts have become a powerful economic privilege (特权) to a group with millions of members who don’t need them .  

       It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others .  Senior citizen discounts only enrich the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment ; and they threaten the creation of a new myth , that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups .  Senior citizen discounts are the heart of the very thing older Americans are fighting against ― discrimination by age .  

 

72. We learn from the first paragraph that ______

A. offering senior citizen discounts has become routine commercial practice

B. senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a good life

C. giving senior citizen discounts has increased the market for the elderly

D. senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount

73. The reason to gibe the senior citizen discount is that ____________

A. the elderly need humane help from society

B. businesses should do something for society in return

C. old people are entitled to special treatment for their contribution to society

D. the senior discounts can make up for the lack of the Social Security system

74. What does the author think of the Social Security system ?

A. It encourages elderly people to retire in time

B. It opens up broad career chances for young people

C. It benefits the old at the expense of the young

D. It should be strengthened by laws and court decisions

75. What does the author mainly argue in the passage ?

A. Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination

B. The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted

C. Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination

D. Discounts should be given to the economics needs of senior citizens

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