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1.The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour -- much faster than___________________.

2.The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed. ____________________, he told her that the dress was sold.

3.The tree was planted near the church fifty years ago, but it is only in recent years that it has ________________.

4.…, but when nobody could ____________________, his father got some tea towels and tape from their house.

5.You have three layers of skin which act as ______________________ poisons and the sun’s harmful rays.

6.You’ll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to _____________________ later if you are interested.

7.A footballer was accused of taking money for ______________________ so as to let the other team win.

8.I see! Have you ever had ______________________ someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?

9.Never put butter, oil or ointment on burns as they keep the heat in the wounds and _____________________.

10.He slowed the bleeding _____________________ the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.

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When people ask me what Down Syndrome(唐氏综合症) is, I tell them it’s an extra chromosome(染色体). A doctor would tell you the extra chromosome causes an intellectual disability that makes it harder for me to learn things.

Even though I have Down Syndrome, my life is a lot like yours. I read books and watch TV. I listen to music with my friends. I’m on the swim team and in chorus at school. I think about the future, and I like the one who I’ll marry. And I get along with my sisters---except when they take CDs without asking! I’m a hard worker, a good person, and I care about my friends.

Some of my classes are with typical kids, and some are with kids with learning disabilities. I have an aid who goes with me to my harder classes, like math and biology. She helps me take notes and gives me tips on how I should study for tests. It really helps, but I also challenge myself to do well. For instance, my goal was to be in a typical English class by 12th grade. That’s exactly what happened this year!

It’s true that I don’t learn some things as fast as other people do. But that won’t stop me from trying. I just know that if I work really hard and by myself I can do almost anything.

I can’t change the fact that I have Down Syndrome, but one thing I would change is what people think of me. I’d tell them, “Judge me as a whole person, not just the person you see. Treat me with respect, and accept me for who I am. The most important---just be my friend.”

1.A person with Down Syndrome ____________according to the passage.

A. can learn things almost as fast as normal people do

B. has one more chromosome than normal people

C. is hard to get along with

D. is easy to get along with

2.The writer tries to picture himself as a __________teenager.

A. normal B. perfect C. lovely D. special

3.The writer feels ________about his life.

A. confused B. hopeful C. unhappy D. curious

4.What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To prove people with Down Syndrome are a lot like healthy ones

B. To show the writer’s honesty and optimism

C. To change people’s attitude towards people with Down Syndrome

D. To describe the life of a student with learning disabilities

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

John Snow was a famous doctor in London — so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal 1. (physics). But he became inspired when he thought about 2. (help) ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the 3. (die) disease of its day. 4. its cause nor its cure was understood. So thousands of 5. (terrify) people died every time there was 6. outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause 7. (find).

He was interested in two 8. (theory) that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease 9. their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease 10. (quick) attacked the body and soon the affected person died.

It feels like every time my mother and I start to have a conversation, it turns into an argument. We talk about something as simple as dinner plans and suddenly, my mother will push the conversation into World War 3. She’ll talk about my lack of bright future because I don’t plan to be a doctor. And much to her disappointment, I don’t want to do any job related to science, either. In fact, when I was pushed to say that I planned to major(主修) in English and communications, she nearly had a heart attack.

“Why can’t you be like my co-worker’s son?” she bemoans (哀叹) all the time. Her coworker’s son received a four-year scholarship and is now earning 70,000 dollars a year as an engineer. I don’t know what to answer except that I simply can’t be like Mr. Perfect as I’ve called the unnamed co-worker’s son. I can’t be like him. I am the type of the person who loved to help out in the community, write until the sun goes down, and most of all, wants to achieve a career because I love it, not because of a fame or salary.

I understand why my mother is worried about my future major. I’ve seen my mother struggle to raise me on her small salary and work long hours. She leaves the house around 6:30 am and usually comes home around 5 pm or even 6pm. However, I want her to know that by becoming a doctor, it doesn’t mean I’ll be successful. I’d rather follow my dreams and create my own future.

1.Which of the following topics do the writer and his mother often talk about?

A. the writer’s studies B. the writer’s future job

C. dinner plans D. wars around the world

2. We can infer from Paragraph 1 that the writer’s mother _____.

A. doesn’t want the writer to major English

B. doesn’t think the writer should be a doctor

C. gets along very well with the writer

D. doesn’t think working in the scientific field is a good idea

3.Which of the following statements is probably TRUE about the writer?

A. He wants to be like his mother’s co-worker’s son.

B. He wants to find a job in his community in the future.

C. He doesn’t think his mother’s co-worker’s son is perfect.

D. He wants to do something he really likes in the future.

In the book The Best Little Girl in the World, Kessa has a serious eating disorder (进食障碍) called anorexia nervosa. But she is not alone. Many people have this eating disorder.

In the beginning of her story, Kessa is a normal 15-year-old. She is good at many things, especially dancing. She has danced for many years and loves it. One day her dance teacher tells her to continue eating right, but maybe lose a few pounds. Once Kessa hears this, she takes things too far. Instead of cutting down on snacks and junk food, she decides not to eat at all. She does not eat breakfast, lunch, or dinner. She begins losing weight and becomes slimmer (更加苗条的) and slimmer. But she loses weight to a point where she is unhealthy.

As her poor eating habits continue, her parents start getting as much help as possible to cure (治疗) their beautiful daughter. But it is just as hard for Kessa’s parents to deal with her disorder as it is for her. Everyday she exercises to lose more pounds and plans what and when she will eat. Her parents try everything, but Kessa decides not to have any fat on her body.

Kessa’s doctor and parents finally take her to the hospital. She is now so thin that she can hardly walk. There, she is given good care.

In the rest of the book, Kessa goes through a lot of trouble in order to cure her eating disorder. This book, I think, can help to prevent people from doing this to themselves. It shows the trouble that people go through just to be slimmer, and all the terrible things they must experience to be cured. It is a book I think every teenager should read.

1.What does Kessa do to lose weight?

A. She stops eating.

B. She eats less junk food.

C. She has three small meals a day.

D. She dances many more hours a day.

2.What do we know about Kessa’s eating disorder?

A. It is caused by her dance teacher.

B. It makes her suffer a lot.

C.It’s too serious to be cured.

D. It’s an unusual illness.

3.The book mentioned in the text is mainly about _____.

A. how to cure eating disorders

B. the importance of eating right

C. a girl’s fight against an eating problem

D. why so many people have eating disorders

Dear Alcohol,

You’ve been around forever. I can remember all the pain you’ve caused for me.

Do you remember the night you almost took my father’s life? I do. He loves you. Sometimes I think he loves you more than he loves me. He’s addicted to you, to the way you promise to rid him of his problems only to cause more of them. You just sat back and laughed as his car went spinning through the street, crashing into two other cars. He wasn’t the only one hurt by you that night.

Do you remember the night of my first high school party? You were there. My friends were intrigued by you. They treated you as if they were never going to see you again, drinking all of you that they could. I spent two hours that night helping my friends who had fallen completely. “I’m so embarrassed,” they said as I held their hair back so that they could vomit (呕吐). “I’m sorry,” they said when I called taxies for them, walking them out and paying the driver in advance. “This won’t happen again,” they said as they were sent to the hospital to have their stomachs pumped. Two 15-year-old girls slept in hospital beds that night thanks to you.

Do you remember the night when you took advantage of my 17-year-old neighbor who had to drive to pick up his sister from her dance lessons? Do you know how we all felt when he hit another car and killed the two people in the other car? He died the next morning too. His sister walked home from her dance lesson, and passed police cars and a crowd of people gathering on the sidewalk just two blocks away from the dance studio. She didn’t realize her brother was in the midst of it all. She never saw him again. And it’s all your fault.

I wish you’d walk out of my life forever. I don’t want anything to do with you. Look at all the pain you’ve caused. Sure, you’ve made people happy too from time to time. But the damage you’ve caused in the lives of millions is inexcusable. Stop luring（诱惑）in the people I love. Stop hurting me, please.

Sincerely,

Anonymous

1.What is author’s purpose in writing to alcohol?

A. To introduce Mr. Alcohol to the readers

B. To describe the harm alcohol did to his family.

C. To show how much alcohol can hurt people.

D. To show the great fun that alcohol can bring to people’s life.

2.What did alcohol do to the author’s father?

A. It made him crash into two other cars and took his life.

B. It made him drink too much and he had to get his stomach pumped.

C. It made him kill two other people when driving.

D. It made him get into a car accident and badly injure himself.

3.What is the tone of the article?

A. Critical. B. Doubtful.

C. Unconcerned. D. Humorous.

4.What is the main writing technique of the passage?

A. Making something less noticeable than usual.

B. Representing something in the form of a person.

C. Describing something by listing its harmfulness.

D. Comparing one thing with another to make his point clear.

----Put your money away. It’s on me. I wouldn't hear of it.

----If you insist, but next time it's my __________.

A. order B. treat C. dilemma D. scoop

Today, many species of animals and plants are endangered. This means they are in danger of becoming extinct and living on only in the pages of history books. The famous dodo is a classic example of a creature that became extinct. A flightless bird that lived on the island of Mauritius, it was discovered by sailors in 1598 but was hunted to extinction by 1681.

Hunting has caused the Bengal tiger and the African elephant to be endangered today but habitat destruction can also lead to extinction. This is equally true for plants. Animals and plants disappear for other reasons too, but the main cause is often a disruption（打乱，破坏） in the natural food chain, whether due to hunting, habitat destruction, or even the introduction of alien species.

The natural food chain is the cycle that governs the existence of all life on this planet. It is a carefully balanced cycle and any imbalance that occurs can cause knock-on effects that have serious consequences. At the beginning of the natural food chain are plants which turn sunlight into energy and draw nutrients from the earth. Plants are called producers.

After the producers come the consumers. There are three tiers of consumers. First are creatures such as plant-eating animals, fish and insects which feed off the producers. These animals that only eat plants are called herbivores. The second tier of consumers are carnivores - animals that live off other animals. The third tier of consumers eats both other animals and plants. These consumers, including most humans, are called omnivores.

After animals and plants die, they become food for other smaller creatures, such as bacteria and some plants, such as fungi. As they feed, these creatures turn the dead bodies back into gases and minerals which are again food for the producers at the beginning of the food chain. And so the cycle continues.

All of nature is connected and governed by hundreds of these delicate food chains and if a single plant in the chain cannot survive, then the insects that live off the plant start to die and the animals that eat the insects also start to die.

When a food chain is disrupted, the consequences can be extremely serious. One estimate suggests that for each plant species that is lost, up to 30 animals and insects may also die out. One wonders how many species were affected by the extinction of the dodo?

Humans can have disastrous effects on food chains. We've already mentioned hunting but now let's look at travel. When people first started to explore the world they took plant and animal species from their home countries and introduced them wherever they went. They didn't realize that by introducing alien species they were disrupting the natural food chains of the areas they discovered. Although there are strict rules in place today controlling the import and export of alien species, some places are still fighting the effects of aliens introduced hundreds of years ago.

For example, Gough Island in the South Atlantic Ocean is a breeding ground for albatrosses that have been nesting there for centuries. But in the 19th century, mice from passing ships were brought to the island. Being a species alien to the island, they had no natural predators and have now grown to such a size that they are attacking and killing albatross chicks. If they are allowed to continue, they will wipe out the albatross population.

With import laws and people's rising awareness of how humans affect the natural environment, hopefully we can learn to fit better into the natural food chains that govern our world. Otherwise we need to accept that the loss of any more plants and animals could eventually mean our own extinction.

1.What do the first two paragraphs mainly tell us?

A. Hunting and habitat destruction lead to extinction.

B. Many species of animals and plants are endangered.

C. Plants and animals become extinct for the same reasons.

D. The main cause of extinction is often a disruption in the natural food chain.

2.Which of the following sentence is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Strict rules alone can remove the bad effects of alien species.

B. Plants, herbivores and carnivores are the three tiers of consumers.

C. If a bird becomes extinct, the relevant food chain will be disrupted.

D. Animals and plants become extinct because alien species are imported.

3.By mentioning the mice in Gough Island, the author intends to highlight ______.

A. mice worldwide are growing all the time

B. being aliens, they had no natural predators

C. some places are still fighting the effects of aliens

D. traveling can have disastrous effects on food chains

4.What is the best title of the passage?

A. Survival of the fittest.

B. Endangered animals and plants.

C. How to protect the natural environment.

D. The link between food chains and extinction.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

My name is Wil Wheaton --- and I am a nerd(怪人). It’s awesome to be 1. nerd. When I was a little boy, people really teased me about that and 2. (make) me feel like there was something wrong with me for loving strange things. Now that I’m an adult, I’m a3. (profession) nerd, and the world has changed. I think we 4. (realize) that being a nerd is not about what you love 5. about how you love.

So there’s going to be a thing in your life that you love. I don’t know what it’s going to be. It might be sports or science or reading or 6. (tell) stories --- it doesn’t matter what it is. Some of us love Game of Thrones, while others love Star Wars. But we all love those things so much that we travel 7. (thousand) of miles --- which is 8. (probable) easy for you, but we’re still using fossil fuels, so it’s difficult--- to be around people who love the things that we love the way that we love them. That’s 9. being a nerd is awesome.

I want you to work hard because everything worth 10. (do) is hard. I want you to be awesome, and I will do my very best to leave you a planet that you can still live on.

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