Far from the land of Antarctica, a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod. For forty years scientists have been curious about that 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

　 Far from the land of Antarctica(南极洲), a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean. At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod.

　 For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish. How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secret. The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow. Now it seems we have an answer.

　 Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish. Scientists studied the fish’s blood and measured its freezing point.

　 The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of -1.88℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it. The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to -2.05℃. That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.

　 The scientists’ next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish’s blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein(蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.

　 Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein. It has many small sugar molecules(分子) held in special positions within each big protein molecule. Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein. So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP.

1. What is the text mainly about?

　 A. The terrible conditions in the Antarctic.

　 B. A special fish living in freezing waters.

　 C. The ice shelf around Antarctica.

　 D. Protection of the Antarctic cod.

2. Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?

　 A. The seawater has a temperature of -1.88℃.

　 B. It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture.

　 C. A special protein keeps it from freezing.

　 D. Its blood has a temperature lower than -2.05℃.

3. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?

　 A. A type of ice-salt mixture.　　 B. A newly found protein.

　 C. Fish blood.　　　　　　　 D. Sugar molecule.

4. What does “glycol-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraph mean?

　 A. sugar　　　　 B. ice　　　 C. blood　　　　 D. molecule

BCBA

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相关题目

阅读理解

　　For years and years people have been saying that the railways are dead．“We can do without railways，”people say, as if motorcars and planes made the railways unnecessary．We all keep hearing that trains are slow, that they lose money, that they’re dying．But this is far from the truth．In these days of expensive oil, the railways have become highly competitive with motorcars and planes．If you want to carry people or goods from place to place, they’re cheaper than planes．

　　And they have much in common with planes．A plane goes in a strange line and so does a railway．What is more, it takes you from the heart of a city into the heart of another．It doesn’t leave you as a plane does, miles and miles from the city center．It doesn’t hold you up as a car does, in endless traffic jams．And a single train can carry goods which no plane or motorcar could ever do．

　　Far from being dead, the railways are very much alive．Modern railway lines give you a smooth, untroubled journey．Where else can you eat well, sleep in comfort, feel safe and enjoy the scene while you are traveling at speed at the same time?And we are only at the beginning．For we have just entered the age of super-fast trains, traveling at 150 miles an hour and more．Soon we will be wondering why we spent so much on motorways we can’t use because we have not enough money to buy the oil and planes we can’t fly in for the same reason．

(1)

Some people think the railways are dead for many reasons except that ________．
[　　]
A．	planes and motorcars have taken the place of trains
B．	oil is expensive today
C．	trains are slow
D．	railways lose money

(2)

The writer’s idea seems to be that ________．
[　　]
A．	we can do without railways
B．	trains have much in common with motorcars and planes
C．	motorcars and planes are not as good as trains
D．	trains are as good as motorcars and planes

(3)

According to the writer, which of the following is NOT true?
[　　]
A．	It is cheaper to travel by train than by plane．
B．	The railway station is usually at the center of a city．
C．	When you get off the plane you will find yourself right in the city center．
D．	No motorcar or plane can carry as many goods as a train does．

　　A few years ago a young mother watched her husband diaper(给……换尿布)their firstborn son．“You do not have to be unhappy about it,”she protested．“You can talk to him and smile a little．”The father, who happened to be a psychologist, answered firmly,“He has nothing to say to me, and I have nothing to say to him．”

　　Psychologist now know how wrong that father was．From the moment of birth, a baby has a great deal to say to his parent and they to him．But a decade or so ago, these experts were describing the newborn as a primitive creature who reacted only by reflex, a helpless victim of its environment without capacity to influence it．And mothers accepted the truth．Most thought(and some still do)that a new infant could see only blurry(模糊的)shadows, that his other senses were undeveloped, and that all he required was nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm bassinet．

　　Today university laboratories across the country are studying newborns in their first month of life．As a result, psychologists now describe the new baby as perceptive(理解力强的), with remarkable learning abilities and an even more remarkable capacity to shape his or her environment including the attitudes and actions of his parents．Some researchers believe that the neonatal period may even be the most significant four weeks in an entire lifetime．

　　Far from being helpless, the newborn knows what he likes and rejects what he doesn’t．He shut out unpleasant sensations by closing his eyes or averting his face．He is a glutton for novelty．He prefers animate(living)things over inanimate and likes people more than anything．

　　When a more nine minutes out, an infant prefers a human face to a head-shaped outline．He makes the choice despite the fact that, with delivery room attendants masked and gowned, he has never seen a human face before．By the time he’s twelve hours old, his entire body moves in precise synchrony(同时发生)to the sound of a human voice, as if he were dancing．A non-human sound, such as a tapping noise, brings no such response．

(1)

The author points out that the father diapering his first-born son was wrong because ________．
[　　]
A．	he believed the baby was not able to hear him
B．	he thought the baby didn’t have the power of speech
C．	he was a psychologist unworthy of his profession
D．	he thought the baby was not capable of any response

(2)

According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE？
[　　]
A．	A new infant can see only blurry shadows．
B．	A new infant’s senses are undeveloped
C．	All a new infant requires is nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm bassinet．
D．	A new infant is actually able to influence his or her environment

(3)

What does the underlined sentence“He is a glutton for novelty”probably mean？
[　　]
A．	The newborn is greedy for new food
B．	The newborn tends to overeat
C．	The newborn always loves things that are new to him
D．	The newborn’s appetite is a constant topic in novels

(4)

According to the passage, it’s groundless(wrong)to think that newborns prefer ________．
[　　]
A．	a human face to a head-shaped outline
B．	animate things to inanimate ones
C．	human voice to non-human sounds
D．	nourishment to a warm bassinet

(5)

What is the passage mainly discussing about？
[　　]
A．	What people know about newborns
B．	How wrong parents are when they handle their babies
C．	How much newborns have progressed in about a decade’s time
D．	Why the first month of life is the most significant four weeks in a lifetime

　　Far from the land of Antarctica(南极洲)，a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean．At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod．

　　For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish．How does it live where most fish would freeze to death?It must have some secret．The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow．Now it seems we have an answer．

　　Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish．Scientists studied the fish’s blood and measured its freezing point．

　　The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of－1.88℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it．The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to－2.05℃．That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture．

　　The scientists’ next research job was clear：Find out what in the fish’s blood kept it from freezing．Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein(蛋白质)never before seen in the blood of a fish．When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature．When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point．

　　Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein．It has many small sugar molecules(分子)held in special positions within each big protein molecule．Because of its sugar content．It is called a glycoprotein．So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein．Or AFGP．

(1)

What is the text mainly about?
[　　]
A．	The terrible conditions in the Antarctic．
B．	A special fish living in freezing waters．
C．	The ice shelf around Antarctica．
D．	Protection of the Antarctic cod．

(2)

Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?
[　　]
A．	The seawater has a temperature of－1.88℃．
B．	It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture．
C．	A special protein keeps it from freezing．
D．	Its blood has a temperature lower than－2.05℃．

(3)

What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
[　　]
A．	A type of ice-salt mixture．
B．	A newly found protein．
C．	Fish blood．
D．	Sugar molecule．

(4)

What does “glycol-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraph mean?
[　　]
A．	sugar
B．	ice
C．	blood
D．	molecule

阅读理解

　　Far from the land of Antarctica, a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean．At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod．

　　For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish．How does it live where most fish would freeze to death?There must be some secrets．The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow．Now it seems we have an answer．

　　Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish．Scientists studied the fish's blood and measured its freezing point．

　　The scientists' next research job was clear：find out what in the fish's blood kept it from freezing．Their search led to some really strange things made up of a protein(蛋白质)never seen in the blood of a fish before．When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature．When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point．

　　Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein．It has many small sugar molecules(分子)held in special positions within each big protein molecule．Because of its sugar content, it is called a glycoprotein．So it has come to be called the antifreeze fish glycoprotein, or AFGP．

(1)

What is the text mainly about?
[　　]
A．	The terrible conditions in the Antarctic．
B．	A special fish living in freezing waters．
C．	The ice shelf around Antarctica．
D．	Protection of the Antarctic cod．

(2)

Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?
[　　]
A．	The seawater has a temperature of－1.88℃．
B．	It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture．
C．	A special protein keeps it from freezing．
D．	Its blood has a temperature lower than－2.05℃．

(3)

What does“glycol-”in the underlined word“glycoprotein”in the last paragraph mean?
[　　]
A．	sugar
B．	ice
C．	blood
D．	molecule

阅读理解

　　Far from the land of Antarctica(南极洲), a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean．At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish, the Antarctic cod．

　　For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish．How does it live where most fish would freeze to death? It must have some secret．The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slow．Now it seems we have an answer．

　　Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish．Scientists studied the fish’s blood and measured its freezing point．

　　The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of －1.88℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it．The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to －2.05℃．That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture．

(1)

What is the text mainly about?
[　　]
A．	The terrible conditions in the Antarctic．
B．	A special fish living in freezing waters．
C．	The ice shelf around Antarctica．
D．	Protection of the Antarctic cod．

(2)

Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?
[　　]
A．	The seawater has a temperature of －1.88℃．
B．	It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture．
C．	A special protein keeps it from freezing．
D．	Its blood has a temperature lower than －2.05℃．

(3)

What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
[　　]
A．	A type of ice-salt mixture．
B．	A newly found protein．
C．	Fish blood．
D．	Sugar molecule．

(4)

What does “glyco-” in the underlined word “glycoprotein” in the last paragraph mean?
[　　]
A．	sugar
B．	ice
C．	blood
D．	molecule

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