NEW YORK (Reuters) — Artists and gallery owners have their fingers crossed at New York’s Affordable Art Fair this week,waiting to see how the economic downturn(衰退期) affects sales of their work even as demand in the high-end (高端的) market breaks down.

 Taking place for the eighth year,the fair aims to lure(引诱) new art buyers and long-time patrons(赞助人) with prices ranging from $ 75 to $ 10,000. Most of the work is priced at $ 5,000 or under.

 Despite the “ affordable” tag (标签) ,attracting buyers is still a daunting task when consumers are turning down anything expensive or unnecessary in the economic depression.

 About 64 galleries are participating in this year’s Affordable Art Fair,down from 70 last year. The fair opened in Manhattan on Thursday and ended on Sunday.

Jenny Hirst,an artist from Manchester,England, who exhibited her work at the namesake fair in London and was attending the New York show,said the demand for affordable art “is struggling a bit”.

“They(consumers) say it is nice,but walk away . instead of pulling out their checkbooks,” said Hirst, referring to art buyers.

The economic downturn has affected the high-end art market. Sotheby’s posted a 71 per cent drop in auc-tion(拍卖) sales in the past quarter,while some experts say demand is rare,or in the best case,scarce for expensive art.

“I don’t think it’s that people are saying, 1 can’t spend a million dollars so I’ll go out and spend $ 500,000,”’ said Constance Kamens,a private art dealer and appraiser.

“Some of them are not buying at all but when they are buying,they are buying carefully. ”

Popular belief is that the right piece of art can transform a space,making it an attractive alternative (选择) to buying a new home or redecorating in a recession marked by increasing job losses and tight access to credit.

1. Not many customers buy art works mainly because        .

   A. the art works are too expensive for them to buy one

   B.  they think it is unnecessary to buy an art work now

   C.  they cannot find art works on show are attractive

   D.  the art market is greatly affected by the financial crisis

2. From what Constance Kamens said,we can safely conclude       .

   A. the customers don’t care the price much

   B.  the customers want to buy cheap works

   C.  the customers often bargain with dealers

   D.  the customers are not interested in buying

3. The underlined word “daunting” in Paragraph 3 has the closest meaning to “      ”.

   A. frightening   B. discouraging

   C.  exciting   D. surprising

  The first newspaper was written by hand and put up on walls in public places. The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 B C. In the 700’s the world’s first printed newspaper was published. Europe didn’t have a regularly published newspaper until 1609,when one was started in Germany.

The first regularly published newspaper in England was printed in Amsterdam in 1620. In 1621,an English newspaper was in London and was pub lished once a week. The first daily English newspaper was the Daily Courant, which came out in March 1702.

In 1690,Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. But not long after it was first published,the government stopped the paper. In 1704,John Campbell started the Boston Newspaper, the first newspaper published daily in the American Colonies(殖民地)   .By 1760,the colonies had more than thirty daily newspapers. There are now about 1,800 daily papers in the United States.

Today,as a group,English language newspapers have the largest circula-tion(发行量)   in the world. But the largest circulation for a newspaper is that of the Japanese newspaper Asahi (《朝日新闻》) .It sells more than

eleven million copies every year.

1. The first regularly printed European newspaper was started in       .

   A. Rome   B. Amsterdam

   C.  Germany   D. England

2. The first daily newspaper in English started in      .

A. 1702   B. 1621

   C. 1590   D. 1620

3. From the passage,we know that      .

   A. many people in the world read the newspaper now

   B.  one English language newspaper has the largest circulation in the world

   C.  the first daily newspaper was printed in Rome in 59 BC

   D.  newspapers have the longest history in the United States

4. Which of the following is TRUE?

   A. Newspapers started in 59 B C.

   B.  The first American newspaper was stopped by the government.

  C.  The first English newspaper started in England.

   D.  Germany had the earliest European printed newspaper.

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