From gobbling(狼吞虎咽) down turkey to spending time with family to watching football, Thanksgiving is filled with traditions. But one of the most popular-pulling the wishbone—dates back centuries.

The upside-down VT shaped bone is actually called the furcula. It is a bone located between a turkey’s neck and its breast Furcula means “little fork” in Latin. All birds have a wishbone.

At Thanksgiving, the tradition is for two people to hold one end of the bone, make a wish,and then tug(用力拉). The winner is the person who ends up with the bigger piece. If you believe the legend, the winner's wish will come true.

The practice of making a wish on a bird’s furcula dates back to the ancient Etruscans, a people who lived in what is today northern Italy. They believed birds were powerful and divine (非凡的) creatures. After killing a chicken, an Etruscan would leave the wishbone in the sun to dry. Passersby would pick it up, stroke it for good luck, and make a wish — That is how the furcula got the name “wishbone.”

The Etruscans passed the ritua (仪式)along to the Romans. Soon, the practice of making a wish on a chicken's furcula became popular in ancient Rome. According to legend,it was so widespread that there weren't enough chickens or wishbones to go around. So the Romans began breaking the wishbone in two. Now, twice as many people could make wishes.

Then the English picked up the tradition. In the 16th century, English settlers brought the practice to the New World there, they found an abundance of wild turkeys. So they started using a turkey furcula for their wishes. Today a wishbone tug-of-war is as much a part of Thanksgiving as is gobbling down turkey.

1.What is the best title for the passage?

A. Turkey Tug-of-WarB. A Lucky Turkey

C. The New WorldD. The Stories of Thanksgiving

2.What does the fourth paragraph focus on?

A. How to dry the wishbone.

B. The origin of this bone-pulling tradition.

C. The place where the ancient Etruscans lived.

D. The practice of the ancient Etruscans making a wish on a turkey's furcula.

3.Why did the Romans break the wishbone in two?

A. To save money.

B. To protect chickens.

C. To create an I-shaped wishbone.

D. To give more people the chances to make wishes

4.Where was a turkey tug-of-war probably served as a Thanksgiving tradition first?

A. In America.B. In the UK.

C. In ancient Rome.D. In northern Italy.

When the telephone rings late at night, most women guess it must be one of only four or five people calling. A sister?Maybe.An emergency?Possibly.A mother?Probably not at that time of night. Much more probably it is a close female friend calling to tell you that she has split up with her boyfriend again or perhaps simply that a good movie has just started on TV.

At a time when families are spread far and wide and marriages often end in divorce, friendships are becoming more and more important. Erika, a 32-year-old lawyer, is strengthened by her ten-year friendship with her married friend Jane. “I was very sick one night, so I called Jane at about 3:00 a.m. to talk about it,” she says. “She was very supportive and even came over to take me to the doctor’s the next morning.”

As American TV shows like Friends, which follows the lives of a very close group of young friends, have become more popular, many of us are beginning to see the value of such friendships. TV shows like this tell us that our romantic relationships may not last, but we need to keep in touch with our close friends if we want to survive.

A TV show called Real Women is about the lives and relationships of five former school friends. In this show, family, husbands, and work are all less important than friendships. One of its actresses says the show reflects her own experience. “Friendship is about commitment. I don’t see some of my friends for ages but when we get together, it is as if time hasn’t passed.”

This is true of Erika and Jane’s friendship. With Erika’s family 200 miles away, it is Jane who keeps a spare set of keys to Erika’s apartment and waters her plants whenever she is away. “Having Jane around gives me a certain amount of freedom. It is not the kind of thing that you could ask anyone to do, but she knows I would do the same for her.” Erika feels that because she no longer sees her family every day, she now enjoys a closer relationship with her best friend. Jane, who may move to a different city soon, is worried about leaving such a support system of friends. “My friends have more to do with my life than my parents and, therefore, I don’t have to spend a lot of time explaining things to them. Friends are more up to date with what is happening.”

1.According to the passage, a late-night phone call for most women is probably from ________.

A. a friendB. a relativeC. a strangerD. a doctor

2.TV shows like Friends tell us that ________.

A. marriages with friends often end up in failure

B. families and work are as important as friends

C. close friends help us face problems in life

D. friendship fades as time goes by

3.From the passage, we can learn that Erika and Jane ________.

A. live far away from each other

B. have been friends for 32 years

C. spend a lot of time explaining things

D. trust and support each other in daily life

4.Which of the statements will the author probably agree with?

A. A near friend is more helpful than a faraway relative.

B. Both marriage and friendship demand commitment.

C. However far away we’re, parents worry about us.

D. Long distance makes the hearts closer.

My doorbell rings. On the step, I find the elderly Chinese lady, small and slight, holding the hand of a little boy. In her other hand, she holds a paper carrier bag.

I know this lady. It is not her first visit. She is the boy’s grandmother, and her daughter bought the house next door last October.

Her daughter, Nicole, speaks fluent English. But she is now in Shanghai, and her parents are here with the little boy. Nicole has obviously told her mother that I am having heart surgery soon, so her mother has decided I need more nutrients.

I know what is inside the bag—a thermos with hot soup and a stainless-steel container with rice, vegetables and either chicken, meat or shrimp, sometimes with a kind of pancake. This has become an almost-daily practice.

Communication between us is somewhat affected by the fact that she doesn’t speak English and all I can say in Chinese is hello. Once, she brought an iPad as well as the food. She pointed to the screen, which displayed a message from her daughter telling me that her mother wanted to know if the food was all right and whether it was too salty. I am not used to iPads, so she indicated I should go with her to her house. Then, she handed the iPad to her husband and almost immediately I found myself looking at Nicole in Shanghai and discussing her mother’s cooking and salt intake. Instantly, tears welled in my eyes.

“Your mother just can’t be bringing me meals like this all the time,” I insisted. “I can hardly do dishes in return.”

“Oh, no, Lucy.” Nicole said. “Mum doesn’t like western food. Don’t worry about it; she has to cook for the three of them anyway, and she wants to do it.”

The doorbell keeps ringing and there is the familiar brown paper carrier bag, handed smilingly to me.

I am now working on some more Chinese words—it’s the least I can do after such display of kindness.

“Thank you” is, of course, the first one. Somehow, it seems inadequate.

1.The elderly Chinese lady visits Lucy regularly because ________.

A. Lucy pays her to deliver food

B. Lucy likes cooking Chinese food

C. she cares about Lucy’s state of health

D. she wants to make friends with Lucy

2.Nicole’s mum took an iPad to Lucy’s home for ________.

A. displayingB. communicating

C. cookingD. chatting

3.In this passage Lucy mainly expresses her ________.

A. preference for the Chinese food

B. gratitude to the Chinese family

C. love of the advanced technology

D. affection for the Chinese language

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