Question

阅读理解 　　A single night of taking the drug Ecstasy(摇头丸)can cause serious brain damage and speed up the start of Parkinson’s disease, scientists say．Just two to three Ecstasy tablets－a quantity that thousands of clubbers take during parties－can permanently destroy brain cells that affect movement and reasoning, according to American research that links the drug to Parkinson's for the first time． 　　A study by a team at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, involving squirrel monkeys and baboons(狒狒)found that both species suffered permanent damage to key cells called dopamine neurons, which are lost in Parkinson’s, after receiving three low doses of Ecstasy at three-hour periods． 　　The study is particularly significant because baboons are one of the best animal models for the human brain．George Ricaurte, who led the research, said that widespread abuse of the drug may already be claiming victims of such neurological(神经性的)damage．“The most troubling result is that young adults using Ecstasy may be increasing their risk for developing Parkinsonism as they get older．” 　　Alan Leshner, a former director of the US National Institute on Drug Abuse, said：“This study emphasizes the multi-aspect damage that Ecstasy can do to users．We've long known that repeated use damages brain cells．This study shows that even very occasional use can have long-lasting effects on many different brain systems．It sends an important message to young people：don't experiment with your own brain．” 　　Janet Betts, the Essex mother whose daughter Leah died after a single Ecstasy tablet in 1995, said：“This comes as no surprise．People can't see the effects at first, and they're in permanent denial(否认), saying it’s not going to happen to them．But we'll see the symptoms(症状)later, just as we have with smoking．” (1) The article is intended to ________． [　　] A． explain the effects of the drug Ecstasy on many different brain systems B． warn youngsters of the risk of taking the drug Ecstasy C． convince people of the abuse of the drug Ecstasy D． tell us the links between the drug Ecstasy and Parkinson's disease (2) According to the passage, Parkinson's is ________． [　　] A． the name of a scientist B． a kind of brain cell C． a kind of drug D． a kind of disease (3) We know from the passage that low doses of Ecstasy ________． [　　] A． won’t cause serious brain damage B． can permanently destroy one's brain cells C． will suffer from the symptoms immediately D． may bring on Parkinson's at once (4) Why are squirrel monkeys and baboons involved in the experiments? [　　] A． Because their brain is similar to human being's． B． Because these animals usually take drugs． C． Because these animals will soon get well after the experiment． D． Because there is a model in the animals’ brains． (5) The underlined word “This” in the last paragraph means “that ________”． [　　] A． Leah died after a single Ecstasy tablet in 1995 B． people have long known that repeated use damages brain cells C． occasional use of the drug can have long-lasting effects on one's brain systems D． taking drug has the same symptoms as smoking

Answer 1

答案：1．B;2．D;3．B;4．A;5．C;
解析：

(1)	主旨大意题。服用摇头丸的主要是年轻人，但根据研究发现这种药物会大大增加(年老后)帕金森病的得病率，因此警告年轻人不要轻易服用摇头丸。选择B项符合主题。A项“解释摇头丸对脑部各个组织的影响”没有具体涉及，C项“说服人乱用摇头丸”太荒唐，D项“告诉我们这种药物与帕金森病之间的联系”文章并没涉及具体信息。
(2)	细节题。根据第一段Parkinson's disease便可知Parkinson是一种病，这是常识。绝非一个科学家的名字，一种脑细胞或一种药物。
(3)	推理判断题。根据第一段“Just two to three Ecstasy tablets…can permanently destroy brain cells that affect movement and reasoning”可知一两片摇头丸就能永久地损伤脑细胞而导致行动和判断思维问题，故答案选B。A项“不会导致严重的脑部损伤”，C项“立即遭受这种病症”不对，因为帕金森病只会在年老时才会产生，D项“立即带来帕金森病”同C项。
(4)	细节题。根据第三段“baboons are one of the best animal models for the human brain”可知狒狒还有松鼠猴的大脑与人类的大脑比较接近。B项“这些动物喜欢吸毒”太荒唐，C项“这些动物试验后会很快好起来”，D项“在这些动物的脑部有一种标本”都不合实情。
(5)	[解析]词义理解难。根据上句“whose daughter Leah died after a single Ecstasy tablet in 1995”及下文“People can’t see the effects at first, and they’re in permanent denial”可知this在这指的是偶尔的一次吸毒都会导致长期对脑部的损伤。A项“Leah在服用了一片摇头丸就死了”并非是真正的事实，事实可能是摇头丸促使了Leah的快速死亡(在此之前已有重病)，B项“人们早就知道重复使用摇头丸会损伤大脑”并非事实，D项“服用摇头丸与吸烟有着相同的症状”肯定不对。本题稍难。 　　[文章大意]摇头丸是一种能令人产生极度兴奋甚至出现幻觉的违禁药物，根据研究和试验发现这种药物能损坏人的脑细胞，会导致帕金森病的得病机会，本文就此做了分析和说明，警示年轻人不可轻易服用这种药物。