There are two main forms of teaching in Nottingham University: seminar(研讨会) and lecture. They are very different from the sort of teaching most often used in schools and colleges.

    In seminars you will be taught with discussion focusing on a text or topic set in advance in a friendly and informal atmosphere. The purpose is to provide an opportunity to try out new ideas and to think through difficulties with fellow- learners. Students develop friendships through groups, as well as learning more about other people’s ideas. You can also know your tutors as an individual rather than a face at the end of the room.

    Lectures are the most formal. There may be over a hundred in the audience and the lecture Mil last about fifty minutes. The value of the lecture is that it can present to a large number of people information which is not readily available in books, that it can give you an opportunity to hear a specialist develop a coherent (有条理的) argument, and that it can show visual material to a wide audience.

    Your typical week’s work will feel strange after school or college since there are fewer timetabled teaching hours. Each week in the first year you may attend about six lectures and four to six seminars or tutorials (辅导). For the rest of the time you are working on your own, doing the necessary reading in preparation for tutorials or writing seminar papers. When writing an essay or carrying out project work, you can often discuss with your tutor about the title and topic.

68. The purpose of the passage is ________.

to introduce two main forms of teaching

to persuade you to try out new ideas

to stress the importance of discussion

to make you believe that seminar is more helpful

69. One of the values of the lecture is

  A. to make friends through groups

  B. to learn more about other people’s ideas

  C. to offer a chance to discuss with a specialist

  D. to present to students information not found in books

70. Your typical week’s work in the university will feel strange because ________.

  A. you may have no project work after class

  B. you may give lectures and seminars

  C. you may have fewer timetabled teaching hours

  D. you may write seminar papers with fellow-learners

71. We can learn from the passage that _________.

  A. seminar is better than lecture        B. lecture is better than seminar

  C. seminar is more formal than lecture   D. lecture is more formal than seminar

                                                              

Big Ben is the nickname for the great bell of the clock in London. The name was given in honor of Sir Benjamin Hall, who was in charge of the work when the bell was built in 1856.

The clock has become a landmark of the United Kingdom and London, particularly in the visual media. When a television or film-maker wishes to quickly show a non-UK audience a certain location in Britain, a popular way to do so is to show an image of the Clock Tower.

The Clock Tower is a focus of New Year celebrations in the United Kingdom, with radio and TV stations turning to its chimes(报时钟声) to welcome the start of the year.

Londoners who live a proper distance from the Clock Tower and Big Ben can, by means of listening to the chimes both live and on the radio or television, hear the bell strike thirteen times on New Year’s Eve. This is possible because the speed of sound is a lot slower than the speed of radio waves.

Big Ben has appeared in many films. In the 1978 version of The Thirty-Nine Steps, the hero attempted to halt the clock’s progress to prevent a linked bomb blowing up by hanging from the minute hand of its western face. It was also used in the filming of Shanghai Knights starring Jackie Chan and Owen Wilson, and was described as being partially destroyed in the film Doctor Who. An animated version(卡通版) of the clock was also used as the setting in the Walt Disney film The Great Mouse Detective, and was shown being destroyed by a UFO in the film Mars Attacks

66. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The nickname of the clock was given by Benjamin.

B. The clock strikes thirteen times to welcome the New Year.

C. The radio and TV make a mistake about the clock’s chimes.

D. Benjamin was responsible for the work when the bell was built.

67. The second paragraph mainly wants to show us that Big Ben is_______ .

A. a symbol of the UK and London

B. a most popular scene for film-makers

C. a must-see sight for tourists to London

D. a popular place to have pictures taken

68. The underlined word“halt” in Paragraph 5 probably means“_______”.

A. look into something

B. get something to stop

C. make something work again

D. draw people’s attention to something

69. In which of the following movies was the clock destroyed?

A. The Thirty-Nine Steps and Shanghai Knights.

B. Shanghai Knights and Doctor Who.

C. The Great Mouse Detective and Doctor Who.

D. Mars Attacks and Doctor Who.

70. In which section of a newspaper would the passage be found?

A. Entertainment & Sports

B. Business & Economy

C. Sightseeing & Tourism

D. Culture & Arts

Almost every day we come across situations in which we have to make decissions one way or another. Choice, we are given to believe, is a right. But for a good many people in the world, in rich and poor countries, choice is a luxury, something wonderful but hard to get, not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make choices, the whole system is merely an illusion, a false idea created by companies and advertisers hoping to sell their products.

 The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in people's life. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple. Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people, ending in the shopper giving up and walking away, or just buying an ubsuitable item that it is not really wanted. Recent studies in England have shown that many electrical goods bought in almost every family are not really needed. More difficult decision-making is then either avoided or trusted into the hands of the professionals,lifestyle instructors,or advisors.

  It is not just the availability of the goods that is the problem, but the speed with which new types of products come on the market. Advances in design and production help quicken the process. Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time. The typical example is computers, which are almost out-of-date once they are bought. This indeed makes selection a problem. Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing: no choice, no anxiety.

60. What does the author try to argue in Paragraph 1?

A. The exercise of rights is a luxury 

B. The practice of choice is difficult

C. The right of choice is given but at a price 

D. Choice and right exist at the same time

61. Why do more choices of goods give rise to anxiety?

A. Professionals find it hard to decide on s suitable product

B. People are likely to find themselves overcome by business persusion.

C. Shoppers may find themselves lost in the broad range of items.

D. Companies and advertisers are often misleading about the range of choice.

62. By using computers as an example, the author wants to prove   .

A. advanced products meet the needs of people.

B. products of the latest design flood the market

C. competitions are fierce in high-tech industry

D. everyday goods needs to be replaced often

63. What is the passage mainly about?

A. The variety of choices in modern society     

B. The opinions on people's right in different countries

C. The problem about the availability of everyday goods

D. The helplessness in purching decisions

完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从第每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项
How often do you let other people’s nonsense change your mood? The mark of a successful person is how   36  he can get back his focus on what is important.
Two years ago I gained the knowledge about the Law of the Garbage Truck. I   37  it in a taxi. I got on a taxi, and we headed for Grand Central Station. We were  38 in the right lane(行车道) when   39 a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of us. My taxi driver stepped on his brakes(刹车)heavily, and    40  the car’s back end by just inches!
The driver almost caused a(n)   41 , saying bad words at us. My taxi driver just smiled and waved at the guy  42   . So, I said, “This guy almost   43  your car and sent us to the   44  !” On the way to the Grand Central Station, my taxi driver told me what I now   45  “The Law of the Garbage Truck.”
“Many people are like garbage trucks. They run around full of   46  , full of frustration, full of anger, and full of disappointment. As their garbage becomes more, they needed a(n)   47 to dump(扔) it. When someone wants to dump it on you, don’t   48  it. You just smile, wish them well, and focus on important things quickly.
Good leaders know they have to be  49 for their next meeting. Good parents know that they have to welcome their children home from school with hugs and kisses. Good  50 and parents know what is   51 for them. The bottom line is that   52 people do not let garbage Trucks take over their day.
Life is too   53 to wake up in the morning with  54 , so take your time and love the people who treat you right.  55 about the ones who don’t. Don’t be regretful for your life.

【小题1】.
A.quickly
B.hardly
C.completely
D.directly
【小题2】.
A.realized
B.observed
C.concluded
D.learned
【小题3】
A.walking
B.driving
C.running
D.talking
【小题4】
A.suddenly
B.slowly
C.secretly
D.finally
【小题5】.
A.struck
B.hit
C.approached
D.missed
【小题6】
A.argument
B.fire
C.accident
D.debate
【小题7】
A.impatiently
B.friendly
C.angrily
D.impolitely
【小题8】
A.destroyed
B.stole
C.burned
D.caught
【小题9】
A.station
B.office
C.park
D.hospital
【小题10】
A.imagine
B.believe
C.call
D.expect
【小题11】
A.energy
B.garbage
C.happiness
D.possibility
【小题12】
A.assistant
B.chance
C.tool
D.place
【小题13】
A.value
B.refuse
C.mind
D.ignore
【小题14】
A.ready
B.eager
C.anxious
D.suitable
【小题15】
A. teachers
B doctors
C. drivers
D. leaders
【小题16】
A.useful
B.important
C.necessary
D.dangerous
【小题17】.
A.successful
B.busy
C.silly
D.common
【小题18】.
A.long
B.hard
C.short
D.exciting
【小题19】
A.aims
B.dreams
C.hopes
D.regrets
【小题20】
A. Point
B. Forget
D. Wonder
D. Dream
 


Clothes play a critical part in the conclusions we reach about who people are, who they are not, and who they would like to be. They tell us a good deal about the wearer′s background, personality, status, mood, and social outlook.
  Since clothes are such an important source of social information, we can use them to influence people′s impression of us. Our appearance takes on particular significance in the initial phases of interaction. An elderly middle-class man or woman may be alienated (疏远) by a young adult who is dressed in an unconventional manner, regardless of the person′s education, background, or interests.
  People tend to agree on what certain types of clothes mean. Adolescent girls can easily agree on the lifestyles of girls who wear certain outfits (套装), including the number of boyfriends they likely have had and whether they smoke or drink. Newscasters and announcers on TV are considered to be more convincing, honest, and competent when they are dressed conservatively. College students who view themselves as taking an active role in their interpersonal relationships say the costumes they wear change the way they feel about themselves and how they act. Perhaps you have used clothing to gain confidence when you face a stressful situation, such as a job interview, or a court appearance.
  In the workplace, men have long had well-defined role models for achieving success. It has been otherwise for women. A good many women in the business world are uncertain about the appropriate mixture of “masculine”(男性)and “feminine”(女性)characteristics they should convey to men.
  Male administrators tend to judge women more favorably for managerial positions when the women display less “feminine” grooming (打扮)— shorter hair, moderate use of make-up, and plain tailored clothing. As one male administrator confessed, “An attractive woman is definitely going to get a longer interview, but she won′t get a job.”
57. According to paragraph two, an elderly middle-class man and     unconventionally-dressed young man are unlikely to____.
A. understand each other's lifestyle
B. share the same background or interests
C. influence their impressions of each other
D. interact in a positive way
58. The author uses the newscasters' example to show the idea that____.
A. certain clothing gives people more confidence
B. clothes have nothing to do with one's abilities
C. we tend to label people by their clothes
D. competent people always dress conventionally
59. Men's professional clothing can best be described as "_____".
A. conventional                B. individualistic
C. out-of-date                 D. changeless
60. How should professional women dress according to the passage?
A. They must be dressed conservatively.
B. They don't have a certain dressing style to follow.
C. They choose either masculine or feminine clothing.
D. They can't wear unconventional outfits.

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