According to the latest survey by the Asian Development Bank, Asian parents are spending billions of dollars on private tutors (家庭教师) for their children and the practice is growing despite doubts about its effectiveness.

“Shadow education” is an expanding business not only in wealthy countries, but also in some of the region’s poorer nations as parents try to give their children the best start in life, the study saiD. Nearly nine out of 10 South Korean elementary pupils receive private tutoring, while the figure for primary school children in India’s West Bengal state stands at six out of 10.

The study estimated that the costs of private tutoring in South Korea were equivalent (相等的) to 80 percent of government spending on public education. Japan spent $ 12 billion on extra teaching in 2011, while the figure for Singapore stood at US $ 680 million in 2009.

Extra academic work aims to help slow learners and support high achievers. Many Asian parents view it as a constructive way for adolescents (青少年) to spend their spare time. However, it can also reduce the students’ time for sports and other activities important for their overall development as well as cause social tensions as richer families are able to pay for better-quality tutoring, the study said.

The study calls for a review of educational systems to make such extra teaching less attractive.

1.Why is “Shadow education” an expanding business?

A. Because parents want to spend their money.

B. Because children don’t want to go to school.

C. Because parents want their children to stay with teachers.

D. Because parents want to give their children the best start in life.

2.According to the article, what is the purpose of extra academic work?

A. To aid slow learners and support high achievers.

B. To prepare children for all kinds of academic contests.

C. To gain the most knowledge students can’t get in class.

D. To increase children’s hobbies and interests in many fields.

3.Which disadvantage of extra academic work is NOT mentioned?

A. Causing social tensions.

B. Spending more extra money.

C. Lacking the chance to communicate with others.

D. Reducing the students’ time for sports and other activities.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. The government policy on educational systems.

B. How to provide the best education for children.

C. The importance for children’s overall development.

D. The reasons for the popularity of private tutors for children.

Henri Cartier-Bresson (1908-2004) is one of the most original and influential figures in the history of photography. His photographs helped establish photojournalism as an art form.

Henri's family was wealthy—his father made a fortune as a textile manufacturer—but Henri later joked that due to his parents' economical ways, it often seemed as though his family was poor.

Educated in Paris, Henri developed an early love for literature and arts. As a teenager, Henri was against his parents' formal ways of education. In his early adulthood, he fell in love with several appetites, but it was art that remained at the center of his life.

Henri traveled to Africa in 1931 to hunt antelope and boar. And Africa fueled another interest in him: photography. He then wandered around the world with his camera, using a handheld camera to catch images from fleeting moments of everyday life.

Not long after World War Ⅱ, Henri traveled east, spending considerable time in India, where he met and photographed Gandhi shortly before he was killed in 1948. Henri's work to document Gandhi's death and its immediate effect on the country became one of Life Magazine's most prized photo essays.

Henri's approach to photography remained much the same throughout his life. He made clear his dislike of images that had been improved by artificial light, darkroom effects, and even cutting. The naturalist in Henri believed that all editing should be done when the photo is taken. In 1952, his first book, The Decisive Moment, a rich collection of his work spanning two decades, was published. "There is nothing in this world that does not have a decisive moment," he said.

In 1968, he began to turn away from photography and returned to his passion for drawing and painting.

1.Which of the following is true about Henri's photography career?

A. He developed a passion for photography when traveling to Africa.

B. He quit photography on publishing The Decisive Moment.

C. He documented Gandhi's everyday life.

D. He devoted all his life to photography.

2.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 2?

A. Costly. B. Generous.

C. Financial. D. Saving.

3.What is special about Henri's approach to photography?

A. He only shot photos at decisive moments.

B. He preferred to edit his images in his darkroom.

C. His most photos described things in their natural ways.

D. He tried different ways and settled on being a naturalist.

Most children now chat daily either online or through their mobile phones. They are connecting to a huge number of other children all over the world. Some are shy “in real life” but are confident to communicate with others online; others find support from people of their own age on relationship issues, or problems at home.

Sometimes the online world, just like the real world, can introduce problems, such as arguments. Going online is great fun, but there are also a few people who use the Internet for offensive (冒犯性的) or illegal aims. Children must be made aware of both the good things and the dangers.

To keep children safe your management must cover the family computer. Just as you decide which TV programs are suitable, you need to do the same for the websites and chat rooms your children visit. Remind your children that online friends are still strangers. Reminding them of the risks will keep them alert (警惕).

Computer studies are part of schoolwork now, so it’s likely that your children may know more than you do. We get left behind when it comes to the latest gad-gets and the interactive areas of websites, like chat rooms and message boards, which are especially strange. The language of chat is strange to many parents, too. Chatters love to use abbreviations (缩写) such as: atb — all the best, bbfn — bye bye for now, cul8er — see you later, gr8 — great, Idk — I don’t know, imbl — it must be love, kit — keep in touch, paw — parents are watching, lol — laugh out loud, xlnt — excellent!

1.The passage is meant for ______.

A. children B. parents

C. teachers D. net bar owners

2.Which of the following will the author probably agree with?

A. The Internet is no good for children.

B. The chat language is strange to adults.

C. Children shouldn’t chat so much online.

D. The Internet is a good place for children.

3.In order to keep children safe online, you’d better ______.

A. choose suitable websites and chat rooms for them

B. teach them to use correct net words

C. surf the Internet together with them

D. forbid them to use the Internet

4.If you stand beside him when your son is chatting about something secret online, he may use ______.

A. bbfn B. lol

C. paw D. cul8er

The online business model is changing on a satisfaction-first basis. It doesn't matter if someone recommended you an app, nothing beats getting to try out the app first before deciding on whether or not to apply for the service.

●Rhapsody

Listen to Rhapsody’s large music library and get the option to download and listen to songs or even full-length albums even when full-length albums even when you’re offline. At the moment, this service is available in 32 countries only. Remember that you’ll need to cancel within the free trial period to avoid being charged for your first month.

[Trial period—14 days∣After trial--$ 9.99/month ∣Try now]

●Bigstock

Need save photos for your presentations and artworks? Go to Bigstock to check out their collection from top artists and photographers around the world. Choose from over 30 million photos, and illustrations(插图), with 75,000 images coming in every new week. All you need to start your free trial is your email address.

[Trial period—7 days ∣After trial--$79/month ∣Try now]

●Canvas

If you are drowning in paperwork, perhaps it is time to use Canvas and transfer all your paperwork online. Digitalize your work orders, forms etc so that they can be filled up and completed right on any mobile device. This makes it easy to create, edit, gain valuable data and send it to the people who need it in seconds.

[Trial period—30 days ∣After trial--$13/month ∣Try now]

●Backupify

If you have ever lost your phone, you know how important it is to backup(备份) all your important documents, notes, contacts and other personal details. Get cloud-to-cloud protection of up to 3 PB of data with Backupify. You can backup your data for Google apps, Office 365, various social media sites and even Salesforce.

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To learn more about the Apps above, Click Here.

1.Who is more likely to use the app Canvas?

A. A secretary. B. A photographer. C. An artist. D. A musician.

2.To save photos, ________ can be of some help.

A. Bigstock and Canvas. B. Backupify and Bigstock.

C. Rhapsody and Backupify. D. Rhapsody and Canvas.

3.What do the four apps have in common?

A. Users will access them via email accounts. B. They offer free entertainment services.

C. They can help brush up users’ work skills. D. Users can try them without paying money.

4.Where can you find more information about such apps?

A. A magazine. B. A TV show. C. A website. D. A newspaper.

In this day and age,it may seem that getting two people with different views together to discuss them leads to a disaster.Just think about what would happen if you sat down and had an open and honest conversation with someone with completely opposing views.Could it bring you closer together?

However,the Human Library Organization is counting on it.At a Human Library,people volunteer to become "books" and make their experiences open and available."Readers" are encouraged to ask them questions freely,and they'll get honest answers in return.There's no judgment,and no questions are off—limits.

You won't find unpleasant comments,and you won't lose faith in humanity.At the Human Library,you actually feel letter about the world you live in.You might even make a new friend!

"The human books consist of people who have been discriminated by society."said Ronni Abergel,the Human Library Organization's founder,who has set out to build a space for conversations that can challenge prejudices through dialogue."The most pleasantly surprising thing about it is how close all the human books become to one another."she said.

Human Libraries help to remind us there really is more that unites us than divides us.And as events now spread throughout 82 countries,with Human Libraries even set to launch soon in Pakistan and Jordan,you can tell that is a shared feeling.

"We can spend billions and billions in trying to build up homeland security and our safety,but real safety comes from having positive relations to other groups in your community."said Abergel,"Real safety is not going to come from building walls.It's going to come from reaching out and getting to know each other."

1.What does the first paragraph imply?

A. Heated discussions are often carried out among people.

B. People with opposing views are not honest enough.

C. Open dialogues can't always lead to close relation.

D. We tend to have open dialogues with people around us.

2.What can readers do at a Human Library?

A. Read whatever books they like.

B. Regain confidence in humanity.

C. Get a fair judgment and experience.

D. Answer questions about prejudice.

3.What do we know from Paragraphs 5?

A. Human Libraries have achieved great popularity.

B. Human "books" all have rich experience.

C. Human "books" feel surprised at how close they are.

D. Human Libraries have been set up in Jordan.

4.What did Abergel advise people to do to get real safety?

A. Spend less money on homeland security.

B. Join other groups in the community.

C. Pull down walls between communities.

D. Strengthen bonds between people.

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