STOCKHOLM, Oct．11 -- Chinese writer Mo Yan has won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature, announced Peter Englund, Permanent Secretary of the Swedish Academy in Stockholm on Thursday． The Nobel Prize i 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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STOCKHOLM, Oct．11 （Xinhua） -- Chinese writer Mo Yan has won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature, announced Peter Englund, Permanent Secretary of the Swedish Academy in Stockholm on Thursday．

The Nobel Prize in Literature 2012 is awarded to Chinese writer Mo Yan "who with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary," said Englund at a press conference．

Mo Yan, a pseudonym for Guan Moye, was born in 1955 and grew up in Gaomi in Shandong province in eastern China．His parents were farmers．

As a 12-year-old during the Cultural Revolution he left school to work, first in agriculture, later in a factory．In 1976 he joined the People's Liberation Army and during this time began to study literature and write．His first short story was published in a literary journal in 1981．

"In his writing, Mo Yan draws on his youthful experiences and on settings in the province of his birth．This is apparent in his novel Hong gaoliang jiazu （1987, in English Red Sorghum 1993）," said the academy in a statement of Mo's biography．

The book consists of five stories that unfold and interweave in Gaomi in several turbulent decades in the 20th century, with depictions of bandit culture, the Japanese occupation and the harsh conditions endured by poor farm workers, according to the biography．Red Sorghum was successfully filmed in 1987, directed by famous Chinese director Zhang Yimou．

Through a mixture of fantasy and reality, historical and social perspectives, Mo Yan has created a world reminiscent in its complexity of those in the writings of William Faulkner and Gabriel Garcia Marquez, at the same time finding a departure point in old Chinese literature and in oral tradition, the academy commented in the biographical statement．

In addition to his novels, Mo Yan has published many short stories and essays on various topics．In spite of his social criticism, he is seen in his homeland as one of the foremost contemporary authors, the statement added．

Dozens of his works have been translated into English, French and Japanese and many other languages．

Last year's literature prize went to Swedish poet Tomas Transtromer．

Alfred Nobel, a Swedish industrialist who invented dynamite, established the Nobel Prizes in his will in 1895．The first awards were handed out six years later．

26．Where can you possibly read tins article?

A．In a magazine B．At the front of a novel

C．In a Business brochure D．on the newspaper

27．Which of the following Is closest in meaning to the underlined word "pseudonym" in paragraph 3?

A．eldest son B．government leader

C．pen name D．author

28．Mo Yan started to earn his life ．

A．in 1967 B．in 1976

C．in 1981 D．in 1987

29．Which of the following statements is true?

A．Mo Yan started to write stories when he turned 20．

B．The stories in "Red Sorghum" describes both country and city life．

C．Mo Yan's works are widely read at home and abroad．

D．Besides writing novels, Mo Yan produced a film．

30．The Nobel Prize was set up .

A．by a Swede B．by the Swedish Academy is Stockholm

C．in the 18^th century D．to award greast literary figures

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Herta Müller, the Romanian-born German writer, has won the 2009 Nobel Prize for Literature. Ms. Müller, 56, immigrated to Germany from Romania in 1987. She is the first German writer to win the Nobel in literature since Günter Grass in 1999 and the 13th winner writing in German since the prize was first given in 1901. She is the 12th woman to gain the literature prize. But unlike previous winners like Doris Lessing and V. S. Naipaul, Ms. Müller is unknown inside of literary circles in Germany.
“I am very surprised and still cannot believe it,” Ms. Muller said in a statement released by her publisher in Germany. “I can’t say anything more at the moment.”
She has written some 20 books, but just 5 have been translated into English, including the novels “The Land of Green Plums” and “The Appointment.”
At a news conference on Thursday at the German Publishers & Booksellers Association in Berlin, where she lives, Ms. Müller, wearing all black, appeared overwhelmed(不知所措) by all the cameras in her face.
When asked what it meant that her name would now be mentioned in the same breath as German greats like Thomas Mann and Heinrich Böll, Ms. Müller remained philosophical(达观的). “I am now nothing better and I’m nothing worse,” she said, adding: “My inner thing is writing. That’s what I can hold on to.”
Earlier in the day, at a news conference in Stockholm, Peter Englund, secretary of the Swedish Academy, said Ms. Müller was honored for her “very, very distinct special language” and because “she has really a story to tell about…and growing up as a stranger in your own family.
【小题1】.we can learn from the passage that Ms. Muller is_______.

A．the 1st writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature since 1999

B．the 12th winner for the Nobel Prize in Literature since 1901

C．the 13th woman writer to win the Nobel Prize for Literature

D．a German citizen since she moved to German in 1987

【小题2】 Ms. Müller was surprised at the news about her winning the award because ____.

A．she was born a Romanian person

B．she had failed many times in winning it

C．she had never wanted to win the prize

D．she was only an unknown writer

【小题3】 The underlined expression “in the same breath” is the nearest in meaning to ____.

A．instead of	B．at the same moment
C．in a breath	D．under the same roof

【小题4】 We can infer according to the passage that ____.

A．her honored works are based on her own experience

B．most of Ms. Müller’s novels are unsuccessful works

C．Ms. Müller is feeling much better after she becomes the award winner

D．Ms. Müller was honored because she’s described the Germans’ life vividly

Until recently, land in large area of Stockholm belonged either to the crown or to the city; there was _____ thing as private ownership of land.

A．no such a

B．no such

C．not such

D．not any

ARLANDA, Sweden （Reuters Life!）—Many people hate the idea of having to sleep on a plane. But Swedish entrepreneur Oscar Dios thinks they can be persuaded otherwise and he has created a new kind of hostel to prove it.

Dios says it is the world’s first jumbo （unusually large） jet hostel, an actual jet-plane at Sweden’s main airport outside Stockholm which has been changed into a 25- room guesthouse that sleeps as many as 72 people.

“I learned about this plane that was standing deserted at Arlanda airport and I’ve been trying the concept of hostels in many different houses and buildings,” he told Reuters. “I thought, ‘Why not a plane?’”

Jumbo Hostels opened for business on Thursday, giving customers the chance to check in and sleep in a room that can best be described as comfortable.”

“The most challenging part with this project is trying to build something inside a metal hull（壳） – it’s just really, really tight.”

The jet, which was originally produced for Singapore Airlines, was taken out of service in 2002. It is held on a concrete foundation with the landing gear secured in steel cradles.

One feature of the hostel is its price – a room starts at 350 Swedish crowns （about $ 41）, which is a lot less than hotel rooms outside of major airports.

Another feature is that customers can get married on the wing of the plane and stay in the plane’s more luxurious honeymoon suite （套房）.

Instead of walking down the aisle in the church, lovebirds can take what Jumbo Hostels calls the “wing walk,” where they can be joined in great happiness at the wing tip. The hostel has someone ready to perform the ceremony.

But in some respects this hostel remains a plane – most customers have to share the jet’s nine bathrooms and the staff only wear air host and hostess outfits. The only room that has its own bathroom is the honeymoon suite.

1. Which of the following is not true?

A. The jet plane was out of use for over eight years

B. The hostel provides ten bathrooms for customers

C. The rooms in the hotel are comfortable

D. The hostel lies at Arlanda airport in Stockholm

2. One of the features of the plane hostel is that .

A. air hostesses can offer good service

B. a wedding ceremony can be held on the wing

C. customers can sleep in comfortable rooms

D. the staff can have a “wing walk”

3. Why does Oscar Dios make jet plane hotel?

A. Because he is fond of plane very much.

B. Because he is very curious

C. Because he wants to earn more money.

D. Because he likes trying the concept of hotel in many different things.

4. The writer mainly wants to .

A. call on people to make use of the deserted things

B. describe a wonderful place for weddings

C. introduce a new kind of hostel

D. prove people can sleep on a plane

Read the passage carefully．Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before．But some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing: they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure．That’s why a new study of French workers is welcome news.

Led by Hugo Westland, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue (疲劳) in people after they got tired while they were still employed.

The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years．They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement．The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.

Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work．The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions (养老金) that French workers enjoy．Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries.

“The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important,” Westerlund says．“We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement．But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won’t see the improvements we did.”

However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees’ health after they leave their jobs－with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work．

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)

1.According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other diseases like __________.

2.Westerlund’s group found that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both __________.

3.What does the word “improvements” in paragraph 5 refer to?

4.Retirement may make people happier with __________.

ARLANDA, Sweden (Reuters Life!) --Many people hate the idea of having to sleep on a plane. But Swedish entrepreneur（企业家）Oscar Dios thinks they can be persuaded otherwise and he has created a new kind of hostel（旅社）to prove it.

Dios says it is the world’s first Jumbo jet hostel, an actual jet-plane at Sweden’s main airport outside Stockholm which has been changed into a 25-room guesthouse that sleeps as many as 72 people.

Jumbo Hostels opened for business on Thursday, giving customers the chance to check in and sleep in a room that can best be described as comfortable.

“The most challenging part with this project is trying to build something inside a metal hull(外壳)--it’s just really, really tight.”

The jet, which was originally produced for Singapore Airlines, was taken out of service in 2002. It is held on a concrete（混凝土）foundation with the landing gear（着陆装置）secured in steel cradles.

One feature of the hostel is its price--a room starts at 350 Swedish crowns (about $ 41 ), which is a lot less than hotel rooms outside of major airports.

Another feature is that customers can get married on the wing of the plane and stay in the plane’s more luxurious honeymoon suite (套房).

Instead of walking down the aisle（过道）in the church, lovebirds can take what Jumbo Hostels calls the “wing walk,” where they can be joined in great happiness at the wing tip. The hostel has someone ready to perform the ceremony.

But in some respects, this hostel remains a plane--most customers have to share the jet’s nine bathrooms and the staff only wear air host and hostess clothes. The only room that has its own bath-room is the honeymoon suite.

1. One of the features of the plane hostel is that _______.

A. customers can sleep in comfortable rooms B. air hostesses can offer good service

C. the staff can have a “wing walk” D. a wedding ceremony can be held on the wing

2. We can learn from the text that _______.

A. the hostel lies at Arlanda airport in Stockholm

B. the jet plane was out of use for over six years

C. every hostel room is $ 41 per night

D. the hostel provides nine bathrooms for customers

3. The underlined word "tight" means _______.

A. crowded B. tense C. small D. full

4.The purpose of the passage is to _______.

A. introduce a new kind of hostel B. prove people can sleep on a plane

C. describe a wonderful place for weddings

D. call on people to make use of the deserted things

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