Question

Winter depression (or winter blues) is a common affliction (折磨) for those who live in our northern climate. Its clinical name is seasonal affective disorder (or SAD) and up to 5% of the population (especially in northern states) may suffer from it. Seasonal affective disorder is characterized by feelings of sadness and depression that occur in the winter months when the temperatures drop and the days grow short . The depression is often associated with excessive eating or sleeping and weight gain. Women are twice to three times more likely to suffer from the winter blues than men.

    There are many effective treatments for winter depression, some of which you can do to help yourself. Increasing your daily exposure to as much natural light as possible can be helpful to many. Any time that you have the opportunity to gain access to more sunlight in the winter months, you should try to do so. Taking walks throughout the day (even if you don’t normally do so), sitting next to a south-facing window at your office, in a classroom, or at home will increase your sunlight exposure. Exercising next to a window or outdoors (when possible) is another activity that can help.

    Although it may be difficult to do, maintaining your schedule and lifestyle will help to keep the depression at bay. A regular pattern of sleep is the most important thing to maintain. It may be helpful, for instance, to have your bedroom lights on a timer to turn on a half-hour before you wake. This may help in waking at a regular time every morning, when it is still dark outside in the winter months.

    Light therapy has shown to be an effective treatment for seasonal affective disorder. While you can purchase expensive, specialized light therapy lighting fixtures for your home or office, some inexpensive alternatives are also available. Another lighting technique to try is to replace commonly used light bulbs in your home with brighter full spectrum (also known as broad spectrum) light bulbs. While more expensive than regular light bulbs, these bulbs provide light that is similar to natural sunlight.

    If none of these techniques seem to help your depressive symptoms, you should consider consulting your family physician or a mental health professional. The winter blues are a form of depression and can be readily treated w ith medications or psychotherapy when other self-help methods aren’t effective. Don’t be afraid to talk about this condition with a professional; it’s nothing to be ashamed or afraid of. With a little effort, the winter blues can be beaten

What do we know about winter depression?

A. It is very common where the weather is cold.

B. It may lead to weight gain.

C. It occurs when the temperatures drop.

D. It seldom affects men.

What is the most important factor in the therapy introduced in the second paragraph?

A. Exposure to natural light.

B. Sports in winter months.

C. Outdoor activities.

D. Sunlight through the window.

What does “to keep the depression at bay” mean in the third paragraph?

A. To shorten the duration of the depression.

B. To use light to resist the depression.

C. To keep the depression manageable and minimal.

D. To delay the occurrence of the depression.

For winter depression, light therapy ___________.

A. is much more effective than other kinds of therapy

B. is so expensive that some may not be able to afford it

C. encourages people to do outdoor exercises

D. needs specialized bulbs to replace ordinary ones

We can infer from the passage that __________.

A. self-help methods do not work 100% of the time

B. medications or psychotherapy is much more effective

C. mental health professionals don’t recommend self- help methods

D. most people prefer self-help methods to medications

Answer 1

【小题1】B

【小题2】A

【小题3】C

【小题4】D

【小题5】A

解析:

【小题1】根据第一段中“The depression is often associated with excessive eating or sleeping and weight gain.”可知，冬季抑郁症可能会导致暴饮暴食，所以也有可能导致人超重。

【小题2】根据第二段第二句“Increasing your daily exposure to as much natural light as possible can be helpful to many.”即要增加每天晒太阳的时间，这样对治疗冬季抑郁症很有帮助，这一段都是在说怎样增加光照，所以第二段所说的这种疗法最重要的因素就是自然光照。

【小题3】根据第三段的内容，说的是每天早晨在一个固定的时间起床，那么遵守日程和有规律的生活方式可以避免冬季抑郁症的发生，所以C正确，keep at bay表示“遏制，使……不能迫近”。

【小题4】根据第四段中“Another lighting technique to try is to replace commonly used light bulbs in your home with brighter full spectrum (also known as broad spectrum) light bulbs.”可知，灯光疗法需要使用特殊制作的灯泡，而不是普通的灯泡。

【小题5】根据最后一段第一句“If none of these techniques seem to help your depressive symptoms, you should consider consulting your family physician or a mental health professional.”可知自助疗法并不是100％有效的，有时候对缓解症状没有用，这时候就需要去咨询家庭医生或者心理健康专家了。